Bulletin of the American Physical Society
22nd Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 67, Number 8
Monday–Friday, July 11–15, 2022; Anaheim, California
Session O02: Advanced and Additive ManufacturingFocus Recordings Available
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Chair: Alexander Mueller, Los Alamos National Laboratory Room: Anaheim Marriott Platinum 6 |
Wednesday, July 13, 2022 9:15AM - 9:30AM |
O02.00001: Precursor shock evolution in additive-manufactured high explosive structures Cameron Brown, Alexander Mueller, Laura Smilowitz, Dennis Remelius, Seetharaman Sridhar, Andrew Schmalzer, Bryce C Tappan, Joseph P Lichthardt, Maria Campbell Cracks, voids, and channels can strongly influence detonation wave propagation in a high explosive (HE) structure. Air gaps between adjacent regions of HE or between the HE and an external confining material may cause precursor shock waves to form which run ahead of the detonation wave and pre compress or “dead-press” the HE leading to detonation failure. Additive manufacturing allows for the fabrication of HE structures with geometries that are not reproducible with conventional casting, pressing or extrusion methods, and enables the production of samples with controlled void channels via selective control of inter-strand gaps. Precursor shock and detonation wave characteristics in internal inter-strand AM HE channels are herein evaluated by flash x-ray and high-speed imaging. Recent results for the ongoing research project will be presented. |
Wednesday, July 13, 2022 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
O02.00002: Additively Manufactured Energetic Sensors (AMES) Terry R Salyer, Tariq D Aslam, Chad Meyer, Wesley W Chapman, Steven F Son, Jeffrey F Rhoads, Havi Rajora, Carlo Scalo, Gabe Montoya The prospect of embedded sensors within high explosive charges is appealing for the purpose of continuous explosive system monitoring. To this end, we have begun development of fully detonable, additively manufactured, multifunctional sensor (AMES) packages for embedding within high explosive charges to enable real-time, in-situ measurements of properties relevant to performance and aging assessments. Continuous monitoring of static material properties such as strain, temperature, and humidity can potentially indicate adverse material response during system storage, transfer, or accident scenarios. Dynamic material property sensing can provide detonation performance data, enabling measurement of dynamic shock position. If all constituent materials within the AMES packages are reactive by design, it will be possible to provide additional capabilities as well. Sensors strictly manufactured from detonable materials provide functionality without the addition of dead weight. Each energetic sensor material formulation will also be individually tailored to replicate the detonation performance of the surrounding charge, rendering the sensor package invisible. Additionally, independently reactive sensor elements can provide alternate functionality via dynamic sensor removal. |
Wednesday, July 13, 2022 9:45AM - 10:15AM |
O02.00003: Energetic Material Advanced Manufacturing Invited Speaker: Alexander S Tappan Abstract: Much of energetic material (propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics) research involves developing process-structure-property relationships. For energetic materials, the property in question is typically a performance metric, related to initiation, combustion, or detonation. These properties are tightly coupled to the structure of the energetic material, which includes easily measured metrics such as density, and more-difficult-to-measure metrics such as microstructure and porosity distribution. The process by which energetic material samples are fabricated impacts the structure-property portion of this relationship and is the topic of this paper. Historically, energetic material samples have been made by selecting constituent powders, mixing if necessary, and pressing or pouring to achieve a formulation with a given density. These processes leave much to be desired with respect to controlling the structure of a material. Novel techniques such as Physical Vapor Deposition and Additive Manufacturing allow for a greater degree of control over the micro- and meso-structure, presenting new opportunities to fabricate samples to designed to elucidate trends in explosive behavior. |
Wednesday, July 13, 2022 10:15AM - 10:30AM |
O02.00004: Dynamics Modulation of Combustion of SHS Reaction via Electromagnetic Stimulation Keren Shi, Zaira Alibay, Prithwish Biswas, Michael Zachariah Energetic materials are a type of material that has chemical energy stored in them, and they can be released through external stimulation. As one of the energetic materials, solid propellants have many attractive properties such as high energy density, safety to transport and handle. In this work, we are trying to modulate combustion of solid propellants using microwave energy. Compared with laser energy that mainly concentrates on the surface of the propellants. Microwave can penetrate propellants' surfaces and achieve volumetric heating if the propellant is microwave sensitive. However, microwave stimulation can also heat the ionized gas species generated during combustion and cause discharge [1]. This can affect the initial combustion reaction that we are targeting. To overcome this disadvantage, the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) system is used in this experiment. By mixing a light metal and a transition metal, SHS system can react exothermically without gas generation [2]. The propellant was prepared by ball milling the molar ratio of 2Al/1.2Zr/1C and direct printing the composites. The reaction was started by joule heating, and a monopole antenna was used to enhance the reaction during propagation by applying microwave power at 2.45 GHz. A color camera and an infrared camera were synced and recorded the reaction process. The preliminary results show that the composites are microwave sensitive, and the propellant can absorb microwave energy. And the propagation speed can be increased up to 200% with maximum microwave power intensity applied. We hope to build a pathway of combustion modulation vis microwave enhancement through this experiment. |
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