Bulletin of the American Physical Society
21st Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 64, Number 8
Sunday–Friday, June 16–21, 2019; Portland, Oregon
Session U4: MS: Materials Science II |
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Chair: Brittany Branch, SNL Room: Pavilion West |
Thursday, June 20, 2019 3:15PM - 3:30PM |
U4.00001: Dynamic Strength of Soda-Lime Glass at High Pressures and Strain Rates Christian Kettenbeil, Zev Lovinger, Tong Jiao, Rodney Clifton, Guruswami Ravichandran Understanding the behavior of silica glasses at high pressures and strain rates is of great importance for geological processes and highly relevant to many technological applications including high-powered laser-matter interactions in optical elements and impact/blast damage in defense systems. A high-pressure pressure-shear plate impact (HP-PSPI) experimental technique is developed and applied to the investigation of the dynamic strength of soda-lime glass. Sample layers with thicknesses of 5-300 $\mu $m, sandwiched between high-impedance tungsten carbide plates, are impacted at skew angles of 16 and 18 degrees. A forward analysis method, based on finite element simulations, is employed to match the experimentally observed sample response while considering the inelastic deformation of the utilized tungsten carbide anvils. A constitutive law for soda-lime glass has been developed, which transitions the material strength from an intact value of 2.8 GPa below pressure-dependent characteristic strains of 10-30{\%} to a failed granular state following extensive inelastic shear deformation. The proposed rate independent material description accurately predicts the measured response during HP-PSPI experiments over a wide range of normal stresses (9-21 GPa) and strain rates (3x10$^{\mathrm{5}}$-2x10$^{\mathrm{7}}$ /s). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 20, 2019 3:30PM - 3:45PM |
U4.00002: Off-Hugoniot shock compression of Zirconium probed at the microstructural and nanosecond scales with in situ x-ray diffraction. Patricia Kalita, Justin Brown, Paul Specht, Seth Root, Melanie White, Andrew Cornelius, Jesse Smith Zirconium, a group-IV transition metal, has fascinated the extreme pressure community since 1952, when Bridgman first inferred a phase transition while measuring resistance under pressure [1]. We present results of off-Hugoniot shock compression of Zirconium probed at the microstructural and nanosecond scales with in situ x-ray diffraction. We also demonstrate how x-ray diffraction combined with static compression in the same pressure and temperature space can help to create an integrated picture of behavior of Zirconium under extreme conditions. [1] P. W. Bridgman, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci. 81, 165 (1952). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 20, 2019 3:45PM - 4:00PM |
U4.00003: Shock Response of Solid CeO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ to 25 GPa John Lang, Justin Steiner, Anirban Mandal, Austin Goodbody To examine the shock-induced deformation response of cerium (IV) oxide (CeO$_{\mathrm{2}})$ -- a widely used x-ray standard -- solid samples were shock compressed to peak stresses ranging between 2 -- 25 GPa. Shock wave velocities through the sample and particle velocity histories at the sample/window interface were measured using laser velocimetry. A two-wave structure was observed at higher peak stresses, indicating an elastic-inelastic response, from which the Hugoniot elastic limit was determined. The experimental data also provided the elastic-inelastic Hugoniot. Insights obtained from numerical simulations of our results and from comparison with past shock work on porous CeO$_{\mathrm{2}}$ will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 20, 2019 4:00PM - 4:15PM |
U4.00004: Equation of State Studies for Leaded Glass Bernardo Farfan, William Reinhart, Scott Alexander Brittle materials such as glasses and polycrystalline ceramics are attractive for armor materials and for aerospace applications because of their high compressive strengths and their lower densities compared to metals. Leaded glasses exhibit lower Young’s modulus and slow crack growth exponent as compared to lead free soda-lime glass or high purity glasses such as fused silica making this an excellent candidate for these applications. A series of plate impact experiments utilizing the 90 mm bore single-stage powder gun at Sandia’s STAR Facility were conducted to measure the Hugoniot response of leaded silica glass to peak shock stress of 23 GPa. The material studied was a potash-soda-lead glass with approximately 30 percent lead by weight and a density of 3.034 g/cm3. Glass samples of 25 mm diameter and of two different thicknesses (3 mm and 7 mm) were used for these experiments. Velocity interferometry data acquired during this investigation have been evaluated to determine the Hugoniot elastic limit and shock Hugoniot of the glass. Results will be presented and placed in context by comparison to other glasses. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, June 20, 2019 4:15PM - 4:30PM |
U4.00005: The origin of the Hugoniot Elastic Limit Spike and Precursor Decay and the interplay between dislocation nucleation and glide Roman Kositski A common feature in plate impact experiments in annealed body-centred cubic (BCC) metals at room temperature are the ``spike and valley'' shape of the elastic precursor wave, as well as the decay of the precursor wave called ``elastic precursor decay''. In this work, we propose a physically based, micromechanically-informed, multiscale continuum strength model that can capture these distinct features. We propose that the origin of these features is in the interplay between dislocation nucleation and dislocation motion. We use employ the overstress framework with dislocation glide rules, extracted from atomistic simulations, and we incorporated an Arrhenius-type homogenous dislocation nucleation term. Our simulations shed light on the origin of the elastic precursor decay and its fine details. We show that in the early stages of plastic deformation the spike and valley are controlled by dislocation nucleation rather than dislocation glide. As the shock propagates into the specimen, the strain rate decreases, and the relative contribution of dislocation glide to the stress relaxation increases while the dislocation nucleation rate decreases. As a result, the spike and valley vanish and the amplitude of the elastic precursor decays until reaching a steady-state value above a certain propagation distance. Using the proposed model we can show how initial material microstructure and temperature affect the elastic precursor similarly to what is seen in experiments. [Preview Abstract] |
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