Bulletin of the American Physical Society
20th Biennial Conference of the APS Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Volume 62, Number 9
Sunday–Friday, July 9–14, 2017; St. Louis, Missouri
Session P2: Energetic and Reactive Materials: Metalized Explosives II |
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Chair: Joe Hooper, Naval Postgraduate School Room: Grand Ballroom AB |
Wednesday, July 12, 2017 11:15AM - 11:45AM |
P2.00001: How and When Metals React in High Performance Explosives. Invited Speaker: Paul Anderson The reaction kinetics of aluminum and other metals in detonations has long been studied with the goal to obtain the full enthalpy energy of aluminum oxidation at early timeframes. This requires the oxidation reaction to occur at the same rate as explosive CHNO compounds. While the literature claims some success with model formulations, few fielded formulations obtain such performance due to competing carbon oxidation of the inert formulation binder ingredients. Moreover, from gas analysis data in detonation calorimetry, it is hypothesized that high pressure/high temperature gas equilibrium concentrations are one of some factors that play a role in obtaining early reactivity of metals in the detonation. The mechanism of these reactions and the effect on detonation responses such as detonation pressure and velocity will be discussed [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, July 12, 2017 11:45AM - 12:00PM |
P2.00002: Numerical simulation of double front detonations in a non-ideal explosive with varying aluminum concentration Wuhyun Kim, Min-cheol Gwak, Jack Yoh The performance characteristics of aluminized HMX are considered by varying the aluminum (Al) concentration in a hybrid non-ideal detonation model. Two cardinal observations are reported: a decrease in detonation velocity with an increase in Al concentration and a double front detonation (DFD) feature when aerobic Al reaction occurs behind the front. While experimental studies have been reported on the effect of Al concentration on both gas-phase and solid-phase detonations, the numerical investigations were limited to only gas-phase detonation for the varying Al concentration. In the current study, a two-phase model is utilized for understanding the volumetric effects of Al concentration in the condensed phase detonations. A series of unconfined and confined rate sticks are considered for characterizing the performance of aluminized HMX with a maximum Al concentration of 50{\%}. The simulated results are compared with the experimental data for 5{\%}-25{\%} concentrations, and the formation of DFD structure under varying Al concentration (0{\%}-50{\%}) in HMX is investigated. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, July 12, 2017 12:00PM - 12:15PM |
P2.00003: Driving Ability of HMX based Aluminized Explosive Affected by the Reaction Degree of Aluminum Powder Yingliang Duan Due to the time scale of aluminum reaction, the detonation process of the aluminized explosive becomes very complex, and there is less agreement on the reaction mechanism of aluminum powder. If the reaction of aluminum occurs in the reaction zone, the energy released will further strengthen the work ability of detonation wave. So it is very important for characterizing the detonation parameters and detonation driving ability to accurately understand the role of aluminum powder in the reaction zone. In this paper, detonation driving process of HMX based aluminized explosive was studied by cylinder test, obtaining the expansion track of cylinder wall. In order to further research the reaction degree ($\lambda )$ of aluminum in the reaction zone, the thermodynamic program VHL was used to calculate the detonation process at different reaction degrees, obtaining the parameters of detonation products thermodynamic state. Using the dynamic software LS-DYNA and the JWL equation of state by fitting the pressure and relative volume relationship, the cylinder test was simulated. Compared with the experimental results, when the reaction degree is 20{\%}, the driving ability is found to be in agreement with measured ones. It is concluded that the driving ability of HMX based aluminized explosive can be more accurately characterized by considering the reaction degree of aluminum powder in the reaction zone. [Preview Abstract] |
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