Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Prairie Section Fall 2022 Meeting
Volume 67, Number 12
Thursday–Saturday, October 13–15, 2022; University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
Session F01: Poster Session (3:45-5:30pm) |
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Room: University of South Dakota Avera Lecture Hall |
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F01.00001: A new explanation for universe structure Gh. Saleh The whole universe is made up of particles. From the smallest particles to the largest one (photons, electrons, protons, neutrons, atoms, etc.) all have structures. These structures are usually so strong that they cannot be easily changed. |
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F01.00002: Investigating d-dimensional behavior of the mixed condensate in QCD Tong Mu, Jason N Ho In the context of QCD sum-rules, hadronic properties are related to QCD correlation functions of composite operators. These QCD correlation functions are evaluated using an operator product expansion, where the non-perturbative contributions to the correlation function are parameterized by local nonzero vacuum expectation values multiplied by perturbatively-calculated Wilson coefficients. We present here an updated calculation of the Wilson coefficient of the mixed QCD condensate calculated in d-dimensions, up to O(m3) in quark mass. |
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F01.00003: nEXO: Searching for Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay with Liquid Xenon Alex Larson Neutrinoless double beta decay is a second order weak process by which a nucleus simultaneously emits two electrons/positrons and no anti/neutrinos, and changes its atomic number by two. This process would violate lepton number conservation and show that neutrinos are their own antiparticle, a Majoranna particle. nEXO (new Enriched Xenon Observatory) is a planned experiment that will use a time projection chamber detector filled with 5 tons of liquid xenon to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of xenon 136. The experiment will use techniques developed for its predecessor, EXO-200, and scale up by an order of magnitude. nEXO is predicted to have a half-life sensitivity of 1.35 x 1028 years in 10 years of data collection with a 90% confidence level. |
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F01.00004: New explanation for calculating energy by Planck's method (higher energy equals higher frequency) Gh. Saleh In 1900, Max Planck proposed the theory of quantum energy that could justify one of the problems of physicists of that time. He explained the relationship between black body temperature and the amount of electromagnetic radiation. |
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F01.00005: A method for extracting the site-specific probabilities of hydrogen-rich fragment formation from the double-ionization of ethanol Eric Wells, Eleanor Weckwerth, Travis Severt, Balram Kaderiya, Peyman Feizollah, Bethany C Jochim, Farzaneh Ziaee, Kurtis D Borne, KANAKA PANDIRI, Kevin D Carnes, Daniel Rolles, Artem Rudenko, Itzik Ben-Itzhak Using COLTRIMS experiments examining seven different deuterium-tagged isotopologues of ethanol under the same laser pulse conditions (800 nm, 3.0×1014 W/cm2, 23 fs FWHM), we measure the relative probabilities of producing H3+, CH4+, H2O+, and H3O+ as a function of the initial sites of the hydrogen atoms that compose the final products. Once the yields of the two- and three-body double ionization channels are determined for all isotopologues, the data is used to fit an overcomplete system of equations that describe the sites that may contribute to a measured final coincidence channel. To estimate the uncertainty of these site-specific probabilities, we repeatedly fit, in a Monte-Carlo fashion, a set of branching ratios randomly picked from the normal distribution associated with the measured values and their estimated error. Other related site-specific dynamic quantities, such as the kinetic energy release, can be obtained using this method. |
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F01.00006: Quantum Tunneling in Transistors Samuel Haupfear, Marie Lopez del Puerto An electron in a system with a potential barrier has a finite probability of reaching a region that is classically forbidden. This phenomenon is known as quantum tunneling, and the probability is known as the transmission coefficient. Quantum tunneling occurs in transistors when the control voltage is lower than the junction voltage of the material. Following the work of Sturge and Bac Toh [1], we measured quantum tunneling occurring in a silicone transistor at different temperatures and for different voltages. This output current is proportional to the transmission coefficient and the Boltzmann factor, which reflects the statistical nature of this phenomenon. We modeled the system as a square potential energy barrier, solved the Schrodinger equation analytically, and calculated the current density as a function of barrier height (which corresponds to the band gap minus the base-emitter voltage). We found that the experimental data closely follow the expected relationship between base-emitter voltage and tunneling current. We also modeled a simplified system numerically and found a tunneling coefficient that follows the expected behavior, but does not match the amplitude correctly. |
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F01.00007: Quantum state reconstruction for systems with different dimensions using machine learning Sangita Regmi, Sanjaya Lohani, Joseph M Lukens, Ryan T Glasser, Brian T Kirby, Thomas A Searles A machine-learning-based reconstruction system trained exclusively on m qubits is presented here to reconstruct a quantum state on systems of n qubits where m>n. This method eliminates the need to match the dimension of the system with the dimension of a model used for training. Additionally, we use the monotonicity property of the fidelity to relate the average reconstruction fidelity of m qubits to any lower-dimensional n qubits. We reconstruct the quantum states of randomly sampled one, two, and three qubit systems with a machine-learning model trained on four qubit systems. This approach provides a robust time-efficient machine-learning-based quantum state tomography as we reduce time required for training a model. |
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F01.00008: Molecular Dynamic Simulations of the Human and Rat Monocarboxylate Transporters Matthew Schmidt, J. Pablo Palafox-Hernandez The Monocarboxylate (MCT) transporters represent a fourteen-membered class of transmembrane proteins in the mammalian species. The MCT1, a component of this class, is studied for its function as a transporter of lactate across the cell. This protein has been identified as a target for novel anticancer drug development. Cancerous cells undergo glycolysis, producing lactic acid that is transported out of the cell by the MCT1 protein. Inhibiting MCT1 would result in lactic acid remaining in the cell, and the cancerous cell would therefore undergo apoptosis. Starting from reported crystalline structures, human and rat MCT1 proteins were simulated. After 50 ns of simulation using explicit water molecules as solvent, the radius of gyration and clustering structures were analyzed. These analyses help to understand the dynamics of the protein in solution.The results could be useful in protein-docking simulations and aid drug design. |
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F01.00009: Keyu Ding Talk Keyu Ding The light yield of a combination of an undoped CsI crystal plus two SiPMs at about 77 Kelvin was measured to be 43.0 ±1.1 photo-electrons (PE) per keV electron-equivalent (keVee) from an 241Am radioactive source. The feasibility of using an undoped CsI crystal coupled with two SiPMs at 77 K at a lower energy region was the first attempt in the world. The high light yield together with some other technical advantages makes it a great neutrino and dark matter detector at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). |
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F01.00010: Conan Bock Talk Conan D Bock The COHERENT collaboration studies Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) with high-quality pion-decay-at-rest neutrinos from the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Lab, Tennessee. Through CEvNS detection we can know more about the properties of neutrinos and nuclei. Neutrons that survive thick shielding between the source and COHERENT detectors are a serious background for CEvNS detection. A dedicated neutron detector, MARS, is used to monitor this background. The performance of this detector has been characterized using various radioactive sources, including a DT neutron generator. Two Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation packages were used to evaluate the efficiency of neutron detection of MARS, which can be used to estimate the neutron flux and the energy spectrum in Neutrino Alley, where neutrino detectors of COHERENT are located. The measured flux and spectrum can then be used to estimate the influence of the beam-related neutrons to the neutrino detection.
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F01.00011: Improving Radon Assays for Ultra Sensitive Experiments Noah Everett nEXO (enriched xenon observatory) aims to detect neutrinoless double beta decay (0??????) in 136Xe. These measurements rely on ultra low-backgrounds in the detector. nEXO’s goal is to have only 600 radon atoms in the 5 tonnes of enrXe. If nEXO’s current goals are met, after 10 years of running, nEXO will discover 0νββ with 3σ certenty if its half life is less than 5.7 × 1027 years. To accomplish this goal, SLAC is working on a new radon assay system which will provide more precise emanation measurements of each of the detector components to ensure that nEXO’s background requirements are met. |
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