Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Spring 2021 Meeting of the APS Ohio-Region Section
Volume 66, Number 3
Friday–Saturday, April 9–10, 2021; Virtual Meeting Hosted by John Carroll University, Cleveland Heights, OH; Time Zone: Eastern Daylight Time, USA
Session B02: Contributed Talks II |
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Chair: Jeff Dyck, John Carroll University |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
B02.00001: Advanced Terrain Manipulator for Organized Sample Preparation and Handling for Evaluation and Research of Europa (ATMOSPHERE) Jude Haddad, Isaac Kozak, Douglas Marsh Discovering life beyond Earth remains crucial to understanding biological origination and early evolution. Missions to Mars include investigations for organic signatures, but lifeforms may have transitioned from meteors to Earth. Europa is a strong candidate for finding a second independent existence of life within the Solar System due to presence of water ice that is considered critical to the formation and sustainment of life. Further investigation of the surface is justified to perform testing capable of analyzing samples to determine if life is present on Europa. ATMOSPHERE is a rover that is designed to land on and traverse the surface of Europa to gather data about biological signatures. The mission design relies on data from the Europa Clipper mission. ATMOSPHERE is equipped with instruments that withstand the high radiation from Jupitar and ensure proper acquisition and testing of ice core samples gathered in the short span of the mission. Data from the instrumentation provides evidence needed to verify the presence or lack of lifeforms on Europa. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
B02.00002: Advanced Terrain Manipulator for Organized Sample Preparation and Handling for Evaluation or Research of Europa (ATMOSPHERE) Isaac Kozak, Jude Haddad, Douglas Marsh Water is a key component to life on Earth, leading NASA to actively search for sources of water throughout the solar system to gain insight into the conditions necessary for biological genesis. Europa, a moon of Jupiter, is a clear target for such missions inside the solar system, as under its icy crust lies what is believed to be liquid water oceans capable of harboring life. Sampling of surface areas near known cracks provides an opportunity to investigate samples for organic signatures that offer clues to the presence of life on Europa. The ATMOSPHERE rover is designed to gather critical data by means of a sample collection sub-system. The sample collection sub-system on board ATMOSPHERE will be equipped with a drilling apparatus, robotic arm, and sample storage to carry out the sample collection. All components needed for operation of ATMOSPHERE will be designed to survive the harsh conditions of Europa including cryogenic temperatures and high radiation. The ATMOSPHERE mission provides necessary data about liquid water from other celestial sources that targets the formation and sustainability of life that exists off-Earth. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
B02.00003: Data Science, Time Complexity, and Spacekime Analytics Ivo Dinov There is a substantial need to develop, validate, productize, and support novel mathematical techniques, advanced statistical computing algorithms, transdisciplinary tools, and effective artificial intelligence applications. Extracting actionable information from complex, multi-source, and time-varying observable processes uncovers an interesting synergy between quantum mechanics, artificial intelligence (AI) and data science. Spacekime analytics is a new technique for modeling high-dimensional longitudinal data. This approach relies on extending the physical notions of time, events, particles, and wavefunctions to their AI counterparts; complex-time (kime), complex-events (kevents), data, and inference-functions. We will illustrate how the kime-magnitude (longitudinal time order) and kime-direction (phase) affect the subsequent predictive analytics and the induced scientific inference. The mathematical foundation of spacekime calculus reveal various statistical implications including inferential uncertainty and a Bayesian formulation of spacekime analytics. Complexifying time allows the lifting of all commonly observed processes from the classical 4D Minkowski spacetime to a 5D spacekime manifold, where a number of interesting mathematical problems arise. Direct data science applications of spacekime analytics will be demonstrated using simulated data and clinical observations (e.g., structural and fMRI). [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
B02.00004: Quantifying the behavior of Monosodium Urate Crystals in a Magnetic Field Amanda McGreer, Chase Waterman, Jessica Thomas, Danielle Kara The clinical success of malaria detection with our Magneto-Optical Device (``MOD'') motivates research into expanded applications of the device. Diagnosis of gout with use of the MOD is the ultimate goal of this research. Gout appears when high accumulations of uric acid and sodium from blood form monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. MSU crystals deposit in joints, tendons and bursa spaces causing in inflammation and severe pain. Current clinical methods for gout diagnosis are unable provide early or easy diagnosis. However, we have developed a new way of detecting gout by exploiting the magnetic and optical properties of MSU crystals in a magnetic field. MSU crystals rotate in an applied magnetic field due to their magnetic susceptibility anisotropy. The extinction properties of these MSU crystals depend on the orientation of the particle relative to the polarization of light, making the MSU crystals detectable by the MOD. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of MSU detection in MOD and quantify the extinction proprieties of MSU crystals. Understanding MSU extinction properties will lead to a new clinical method of gout diagnosis with MOD. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
B02.00005: Attempt to Selectively Adsorb 1,8-Octanedithiol on Au for Scanning Probe Microscopy Vivian Thomas, Craig Howald Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a branch of microscopy that achieves sub-atomic resolution by raster scanning specimens with a small probe. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a type of SPM based on the principle of quantum electron tunneling. We clean a crystalline gold sample using sputtering and annealing procedures to remove adsorbates, which lets us resolve more details of its surface with STM. We attempt to dose the sample with sub-monolayer coverage of 1,8-octanedithiol but find that we cannot detect desorbed octanedithiol well enough to selectively transfer it to the sample. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, April 10, 2021 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
B02.00006: Insect flight velocity measurement with a CW near-IR Scheimpflug lidar system. Yiyun Li, Kai Wang, Rafael Quintero-Torres, Robert Brick, Alexei Sokolov, Marlan Scully Flight velocity measurement has attracted a significant interest since it can aid insect identification and facilitate studies and monitoring of insect behavior. We propose a novel scheme for the 1-D flight velocity measurement of insects, based on a near-IR Scheimpflug lidar system we established at Texas A{\&}M University. This new technique has been implemented and applied to study insects at the Salter Research Farm, Robertson County, Texas. The ability to resolve the motion perpendicular to the probing direction of the Scheimpflug lidar system is explored and reveals the capability of retrieving the velocity component normal to the probing direction of insects passing through the field of view of our system. We observe a shift in wingbeat frequency, which indicates the presence of new insect species during the multi-day measurement. The study on 1-D flight velocity reveals a net directional movement of insects in the probing volume, providing supportive evidence of new species' arrival. [Preview Abstract] |
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