Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2017 Annual Fall Meeting of the APS Ohio-Region Section
Volume 62, Number 18
Friday–Saturday, October 13–14, 2017; Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
Session F3: Applied Physics, Optics and Spectroscopy, Astrophysics |
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Chair: Karthik Vishwanath, Miami University Room: Kreger Hall 222 |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 8:30AM - 8:45AM |
F3.00001: Design and Characterization of 3d Printed Optical Assemblies Donald Cutrer, Jr., Elainie Huncik, Michael Crescimanno Additive manufacturing (AM), has only recently been of utility for optical assemblies since cheaply available print matricies (usually plastics) are mechanically and thermally inferior to commercially available metal assemblies. We explore the design space for 3d printing of optical assemblies including mounts and Fabry-Perot cavities and have mechanically, thermally and optically characterized these assemblies. This work suggests new opportunities for AM of optical assemblies and provides public access (via thingverse) to verified designs. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 8:45AM - 9:00AM |
F3.00002: Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging's Sensitivity to Buried Flow Anthony Young Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a flow-imaging technique that uses wide-field, coherent illumination to obtain flow maps of scattering fluids. This technique has a wide range of uses in the biomedical field for studying blood flow in tissue. However, its ability to detect blood flow is limited to that only through superficial vasculature. The objective of this study was to experimentally explore how LSCI's ability to sense flow varied as flow was buried in a scattering medium at depths ranging from 0 mm to 3 mm. The flowing and surrounding media were made of mixtures of dehydrated milk and water to mimic the reduced scattering of blood ($\approx $ 20 cm$^{\mathrm{-1}})$ and tissue ($\approx $ 5 cm$^{\mathrm{-1}})$ respectively. At each depth, speckle images of the phantom were captured with (6 ml/min) and without (0ml/min) directional flow through the phantom. An empirical parameter was calculated at each depth from LSCI flow maps of the speckle images to quantify LSCI's flow sensitivity as a function of buried depth. The results illustrated that LSCI's flow sensitivity exponentially decreased as the flow was buried deeper in an optically scattering medium. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 9:00AM - 9:15AM |
F3.00003: Theoretical Analysis of a Seeded Induced Coherence Setup Nathaniel Miller, William Plick Induced Coherence experiments allow measurements to be taken on modes separate from those that have interacted with the sample. We theoretically study a variation of this where the input modes of the non-linearities are now seeded with coherent light. An analysis will be given for various measurement schemes, with an eye towards improved measurement sensitivity and the utilization of novel optical effects. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 9:15AM - 9:30AM |
F3.00004: Investigating the Beer-Lambert Law in a Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopic Method Zane Thornburg, Karl Feierabend, Susan Lehman Incoherent broad-band cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy has been used for high sensitivity measurements of weak transitions in solution. When the method has been used to make Beer-Lambert plots, the linear range has been observed to be significantly truncated and the dynamic range extended. This is preventing the use of this method for accurate quantitative measurements of the absorbance of weak signals in solution. We hypothesize that the behavior observed in the Beer-Lambert plots can be explained by accounting for losses per pass due to the cavity enhancement. Experimentation to create the Beer-Lambert plots described has been done varying the concentration of weakly absorbing analytes, such as methanol and toluene in the range of red light, as well as varying the size of the cuvette, effectively varying the path length of light traveling through the liquid-phase sample. The results of the experimentation have been compared to the predicted trend of the Lambert-Beer law. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
F3.00005: Time-Resolved Double-Resonance Spectroscopy: vibrationally resolved lifetimes of the Na$_2$ $6^1\Sigma^+_g (v=8)$ Michael Saaranen, Burcin Bayram When determining the dipole transition moment, lifetimes, Einstein A coefficients and absorption lines are all important for ensuring accuracy. Thus here we present our ongoing experimental study of the lifetime of the $6^1\Sigma^+_g (v=8)$ electronic state of sodium dimers. In this experiment the second harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser is used to pump two pulsed dye lasers that are used to make the $X^1\Sigma^+_g (v=0) \rightarrow A^1\Sigma^+_u (v=7) \rightarrow 6^1\Sigma^+_g (v=8)$ transition. We observed the fluorescence resulting from this molecular transition to measure the radiative properties using a Stern-Volmer plot. We will present preliminary results of the measurement and provide comparison with theoretical calculations. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 9:45AM - 10:00AM |
F3.00006: Algebraic and Functor Quantum Field Theory Perry rice, Daniel King In 2009, Urs Schreiber published “Algebraic Quantum Field Theory from n-functorial Quantum Field Theory,” relating the Haag-Kastler axiomatization of Quantum Field Theory (corresponding to the Heisenberg perspective) on 2-dimensional Minkowski spacetime to that of Atiyah and Segal (Schrödinger). In this paper, we seek to provide a third perspective, corresponding to the Dirac interaction picture. In doing so, we assemble a list of tools from category theory which will allow us to axiomatize quantum field theories. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 10:00AM - 10:15AM |
F3.00007: The Quark-Hadron Phase Transition in Neutron Stars and Protoneutron Stars Jacob Roark Neutron stars have masses between 1.4 and 3 M$_{\odot}$, all packed into a sphere just 12 to 13 km across (roughly the size of Manhattan). Consequently, neutron stars exhibit some the of highest material densities in the universe, averaging around 7$\times$10$^{17}$ kg/m$^3$, over three times the density of an atomic nucleus. Under such astronomical pressures, some very interesting, novel states of matter can be achieved, such as quark matter, in which hadrons effectively dissolve and quark deconfinement occurs. In this project, the quark-hadron phase transition was studied in the context of neutron stars and protoneutron stars (in which lepton fraction must be conserved). The possibility of a mixture of phases was also considered in each case. An effective model based on the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry was employed to achieve this data, along with a mean field approximation. In each case, the point at which phase transitions no longer occur (the critical point) was found, characterized by temperature and baryon chemical potential. This data was then compared to results from previous studies and limits provided by QCD. [Preview Abstract] |
Saturday, October 14, 2017 10:15AM - 10:30AM |
F3.00008: Extensive Excursion and Orbital Exchange in Few Body Planetary Systems Stefan Lesnansky, Donald Priour The popular conception of planetary systems involves planets moving in discrete, well separated quasi-circular orbits, with at most slight variation in orbital radii. Using locally stable simulations adapted from molecular dynamics simulations used on a much smaller scale, we find stable planetary systems, made up of three or four similar sized planets, which behave very differently from this paradigm of well defined circular orbits. In fact, we find systems stable on a long term basis with surprising behaviors, including orbit swapping and fluctuations of orbital radii comparable in some cases to the mean orbital radius. An additional salient characteristic of these unique configurations is a further distinction among cases in which orbital radii are smoothly correlated, undergoing regular oscillations, and scenarios in which correlations are much less consistent with at least qualitatively chaotic variation in orbital radii with time. As a measure of astronomical abundance, we explore the extent to which these unique configurations persist when the planetary masses and initial conditions are manipulated. Broadly speaking, we find these configurations to be more abundant in this sense for high stellar to planetary mass ratios. [Preview Abstract] |
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