Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Mid-Atlantic Section 2022 Meeting
Volume 67, Number 20
Friday–Sunday, December 2–4, 2022; University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University
Session G01: Bio IV |
Hide Abstracts |
Chair: Lu Bai, Pennsylvania State University Room: Pennsylvania State University Osmond 103 |
Sunday, December 4, 2022 9:00AM - 9:35AM |
G01.00001: Context-dependent syllable transitions in birdsong Invited Speaker: Dezhe Z Jin Like phonology in human speech, syllable sequences in birdsong follow probabilistic rules. Here we analyze the Bengalese finch songs, which consist of variable sequences of 7-15 stereotypical syllables. We show that the sequences can be statistically modeled with partially observable Markov models (POMMs), which are Markov models in the state space, with each state associated with a single syllable. The syllable sequences are in general non-Markovian, therefore the POMMs must have multiple hidden states associated with the same syllables. This state multiplicity encodes context-dependent syllable transitions. Since the numbers of states associated with individual syllables in POMMs are not known a priori, they must be inferred from the observed syllable sequences. We show that this inference process can be casted into a form of hypothesis test of whether a model overgeneralizes. Using this method, we analyze how auditory feedback impact the context-dependencies in the Bengalese finch songs. Deafening significantly reduces but does not eliminate context-dependencies, suggesting that auditory feedback is an important but not the only brain mechanism for context-dependent syllable transitions. |
Sunday, December 4, 2022 9:35AM - 9:47AM |
G01.00002: How do temperature robust neural networks in HVC encode for Birdsong timing features? Aayush Khare, Derek Sederman, Dezhe Z Jin Experiments and computational studies propose that a feed-forward network of excitatory neurons localized within the premotor nucleus HVC (proper name) encodes for the timing features of birdsong. Focal cooling of HVC in zebra finches leads to an increase in song duration. A Q10 value quantifies the effect of a 10-degree temperature change on biological processes, with a low Q10 indicating temperature robustness. Conformation changes that govern ion channel dynamics in neurons have a Q10 > 2, while the focal cooling studies reported the song Q10 to be ~ 1.3. This raised a question against HVC's role towards encoding song timing. We resolve this by computationally investigating the temperature robustness of HVC network dynamics. Our results demonstrate that neural response is temperature robust, due to strong synaptic inputs and the low Q10 of ionic and synaptic conductance (~ 1.3). These processes are governed by diffusion instead of conformation changes. Moreover, axonal conduction between neurons has a Q10 ~ 1.3, and plays a major role towards temperature robust spike propagation along the network. We also investigate the role of the inhibitory interneuron activity in HVC towards temperature robust network dynamics and discuss possible directions towards experimental research that could help further elucidate HVC's role towards encoding song timing. |
Sunday, December 4, 2022 9:47AM - 10:22AM |
G01.00003: Studies on the Integrity of Lipid Membranes upon the Interactions of Nanoparticles and Integration of Cholesterol Invited Speaker: Qi Lu The integrity of plasma membranes is vital for cell function and survival. We are interested in studying the integrity of lipid membranes because it directly affects the health of cells. In this talk, I will present our findings on how gold nanoparticles adsorbed on lipid vesicles created localized stress yet caused the long-range effect of increased fluidity of unbound lipid membranes. I will also present how gold and silver nanoparticles interact differently with lipid vesicles as observed using the hyperspectral dark-field microscopy. Furthermore, I will present the reflective spectral analysis of lipid vesicles integrated with various concentrations of cholesterol, a suggestive approach for the characterization of the phase and integrity of lipid membranes. |
Sunday, December 4, 2022 10:22AM - 10:57AM |
G01.00004: Tales from the deep: How ctenophores use membrane elasticity to survive at 1000 bar Invited Speaker: Edward Lyman Ctenophores are small marine invertebrates, of which there are about 100 different species. Some members live exclusively at the surface, while others have adapted to survive the crushing pressures of the deep ocean. |
Follow Us |
Engage
Become an APS Member |
My APS
Renew Membership |
Information for |
About APSThe American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to advance the knowledge of physics. |
© 2024 American Physical Society
| All rights reserved | Terms of Use
| Contact Us
Headquarters
1 Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3844
(301) 209-3200
Editorial Office
100 Motor Pkwy, Suite 110, Hauppauge, NY 11788
(631) 591-4000
Office of Public Affairs
529 14th St NW, Suite 1050, Washington, D.C. 20045-2001
(202) 662-8700