Thermodynamics and Transport Properties of Pure RNA condensates*

Pure RNA systems can form  condensates both in vitro and within cells. Such RNA condensation has been associated with disease states. Additionally, RNA assembly via condensation creates  opportunities for new soft material design. However, the biophysical principles governing RNA condensation  remain largely unexplored, as  it is still challenging to characterize RNA–RNA interactions and the resulting RNA condensates. To this end , building on previous work, we have implemented and optimized a model for probing RNA condensation. Significantly, our implementation achieves a  dramatic computational speed up. Exploiting this  feature, we probe the long-time dynamics of RNA condensates Furthermore, we characterize the effects of primary RNA sequence on condensate thermodynamics. Altogether, our work provides new physicochemical codes that govern the material properties of pure RNA condensates.