Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2024
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2024; Minneapolis & Virtual
Session W49: Defect Qubits IV - Rare Earth Ions for Quantum Networking
3:00 PM–5:12 PM,
Thursday, March 7, 2024
Room: 200G
Sponsoring
Unit:
DQI
Chair: Leon Zaporski
Abstract: W49.00010 : Spin qubit with coherence exceeding one second measured by microwave photon counting. Part 2/3*
4:48 PM–5:00 PM
Presenter:
Emmanuel Flurin
(CEA-Saclay)
Authors:
Emmanuel Flurin
(CEA-Saclay)
Louis P Pallegoix
(CEA Saclay)
Jaime Travesedo
(CEA)
Patrice Bertet
(CEA Saclay)
James O'Sullivan
(CEA Saclay)
gnetic impurities, with applications ranging from chemistry to quantum computing, but it gives only
access to ensemble-averaged quantities due to its limited signal-to-noise ratio. The sensitivity nee-
ded to detect single electron spins has been reached so far using spin-dependent photoluminescence,
transport measurements, or scanning probes. These techniques are system-specific or sensitive only
in a small detection volume, so that practical single spin detection remains an open challenge.
Using single-electron-spin-resonance techniques recently demonstrated [3] we characterize the
magnetic environment of the single electron probe. The technique consists in measuring the spin
fluorescence signal at microwave frequencies [1, 2] using a microwave photon counter based on a
superconducting transmon qubit [3]. In our experiment, individual paramagnetic erbium ions in a
scheelite crystal of CaWO4 are magnetically coupled to a small-mode-volume, high-quality factor
superconducting microwave resonator to enhance their radiative decay rate [4]. The method applies
to arbitrary paramagnetic species with long enough non-radiative relaxation time, and offers large
detection volumes ( ∼ 10μm3) ; as such, it may find applications in magnetic resonance and quantum
computing.
In this second part, I will present the spectroscopy of individual Erbium ions by microwave photon counting with an improved detector sensitivity.
[1] Albertinale, E. et al. Detecting spins by their fluorescence with a
microwave photon counter. Nature 600, 434– 438 (2021).
[2] L. Balembois, et al. Practical Single Microwave Photon Counter
with 10−22 W/√Hz sensitivity. arXiv :2307.03614.
[3] Z. Wang, et al. Single-electron spin resonance detection by mi-
crowave photon counting. Nature 619, 276–281 (2023).
[4] R. Lescanne et al. Irreversible Qubit-Photon Coupling for the De-
tection of Itinerant Microwave Photons. Phys. Rev. X 10, 021038
(2020).
[5] A. Bienfait et al. Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity. Nature
531, 74 (2016).
*We acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant no. 101042315 (INGENIOUS).
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