Quantum Sensors for Fundamental Physics and Beyond*

Quantum sensing is a transformative paradigm that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to provide quantum-enhanced measurement sensitivity, thereby amplifying our ability to observe interesting physical phenomena. This dynamic field encompasses a spectrum of challenges, such as high precision measurements of phase, amplitude, and noise (e.g., field fluctuations). Its versatility extends to a wide range of physical systems, ranging from cryogenically cooled microwave resonators to mechanical membranes coupled to optical light. Quantum sensing employs a rich arsenal of techniques, including squeezing, photon counting, entanglement assistance, and distributed quantum sensing, to achieve unprecedented levels of sensitivity in various sensing tasks. Moreover, quantum sensor technologies have wide-reaching applications in the fields of fundamental physics, where squeezing has been utilized to enhance sensitivity in gravitational wave detection and accelerate the hunt for enigmatic dark matter, but there are more practical applications as well, such as quantum radiometry and inertial navigation, where quantum sensing is poised to make an impact.

In this talk, I will delve into various quantum techniques for quantum-enhanced distributed noise sensing, with a focus on their application to dark matter searches—a particularly intriguing endeavor. I will also explore initial strategies to transcend ``Standard Quantum Limits" en route to achieving the ultimate limits of measurement sensitivity set by quantum mechanics. Along the way, I will underscore the important roles that distributed quantum sensing and entanglement can have in pushing the boundaries of our sensing capabilities.