Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2024
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2024; Minneapolis & Virtual
Session K46: Defect Qubits II - Quantum Control and Hybrid DevicesFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Kaushalya Jhuria, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Room: 200AB |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
K46.00001: Characterization of Group-IV Color Center Hyperfine Coupling for Brokered Entanglement Protocols Isaac Harris, Cathryn Michaels, Kevin Chen, Ryan A Parker, Michael Titze, Jesus Arjona Martinez, Madison Sutula, Ian Christen, Alexander M Stramma, William G Roth, Carola M Purser, Martin Hayhurst Appel, Chao Li, Matthew Trusheim, Nicola Palmer, Matthew L Markham, Edward S Bielejec, Mete Atatüre, Dirk Englund A quantum register coupled to a spin-photon interface is a key component in brokered entanglement protocols for quantum communication and information processing. Group-IV color centers in diamond (SiV, GeV, and SnV) are promising candidates for this application, comprising an electronic spin with optical transitions acting as a spin-photon interface. However, the use of the intrinsic group-IV nuclear spin as a quantum register for brokered entanglement remains an outstanding challenge, particularly for the heavier elements, GeV and SnV, whose hyperfine features have not been extensively studied. Here, we present first-principles and experimental results characterising the hyperfine properties of the group-IV color centers. We show that the SnV has an optically resolvable hyperfine structure due to electron-nuclear coupling which is an order of magnitude larger than the lifetime-limited linewidth of the optical transition. We discuss how this structure changes under bias conditions, and how the hyperfine levels can be used in brokered entanglement protocols. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
K46.00002: A robust quantum memory for quantum networks Nicolas Demetriou, Benjamin van Ommen, Mariagrazia Iuliano, Alejandro Montblanch, Julius Fischer, Ronald Hanson, Tim Hugo Taminiau Quantum networks are a promising technology with applications in quantum computation and communication. The key idea is to use photons to entangle network nodes, which contain data qubits that can robustly store and process quantum states. The size and complexity of current quantum network protocols are limited by the decoherence of the data qubits during the entanglement-link generation process[1,2]. In this work, we introduce a new type of data qubit for quantum networks, consisting of a nearest-neighbours pair of C13 nuclear spins [3] in a diamond lattice. We show that this qubit provides an extremely coherent quantum memory, that is also robust to the optical entanglement links. This extended coherence is expected to enable a new generation of quantum network protocols. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
K46.00003: High-fidelity quantum gates on spin-qubit registers in diamond Margriet van Riggelen, Hans P Bartling, Jiwon Yun, Benjamin van Ommen, Kai-Niklas Schymik, Luc A Enthoven, Masoud Babaie, Fabio Sebastiano, Tim H Taminiau Spins associated with solid-state color centers are promising for quantum networks and distributed quantum computing [1]. Increasing the size of quantum networks requires high-fidelity control of the spin-qubit register within each node. In this work, we use gate set tomography [2] to characterize and optimize gates on electron and nuclear spin-qubits of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 3:36PM - 4:12PM |
K46.00004: Precise entanglement generation in spin registers coupled to defects Invited Speaker: Evangelia Takou Understanding multipartite entanglement is one of the key ingredients for the development of precise control protocols for multi-qubit quantum architectures. In solid-state defect platforms, the generation of electron-nuclear entanglement is challenging due to the always-on interactions. In this talk, I will present a general description of the electron-nuclear spin entanglement from the perspective of the entangling gate design. This description is a new analytical framework which characterizes the entanglement within an arbitrarily large electron-nuclear spin register, quantifies cross-talk, and identifies optimal decoupling sequences for nuclear spin control. I will show how this formalism can be exploited to speed-up the entanglement generation through single-shot multipartite gates, and additionally how to saturate all-way correlations in the presence of error-rates applicable to state-of-the-art defect systems. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 4:12PM - 4:24PM |
K46.00005: Decoherence-protected two qubit quantum gates for spin sensing and control Hendrik Benjamin B van Ommen, Guido van de Stolpe, Nicolas Demetriou, Thomas Fortuin, Jiwon Yun, Damian Kwiatkowski, Tim Hugo Taminiau The ability to sense and control nuclear spins near solid-state defects has potential applications on a wide range of spin-based quantum technologies. In previous work, it was shown that Dynamical Decoupling of the solid state defect combined with direct Radio Frequency (DDRF) control of the nuclear spins creates an effective and selective two-spin interaction that can be used to engineer a two-qubit quantum gate [1]. The DDRF sequence unlocks access to an extended number of nuclear spins compared to more common DD methods, while offering unique design flexibility. In this work, we develop a novel, generalized DDRF framework, incorporating the effect of frequency-detuned RF pulses. Our analytical model, validated against experiment, effectively explains the fundamental limit to gate efficiency, ultimately set by the electron spin coherence. The knowledge gained about this gate type raises important considerations for building the optimal memory register out of a selection of nuclear spins. These results advance our understanding for a broad class of electron-nuclear RF gates and provide a practical toolbox for application-specific design, enabling improved quantum control and sensing. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 4:24PM - 4:36PM |
K46.00006: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN
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Tuesday, March 5, 2024 4:36PM - 4:48PM |
K46.00007: Quantum Instrumentation Control Kit Defect Arbitrary Waveform Generator (QICK-DAWG): Open-source FPGA control for Nitrogen-Vacancy Quantum Sensing Emmeline G Riendeau, Luca Basso, Rong Cong, Mohammad Abdullah Sadi, Jacob D Henshaw, Aulden K Jones, Jasmine J Mah, Sho Uemura, Michael P Lilly, Andrew M Mounce Quantum information communication, sensing, and computation often require complex and expensive instrumentation resulting in a large entry barrier. Quantum Instrument Control Kit (QICK) overcomes this barrier for superconducting qubits as a collection of software and firmware for state-of-the-art radio frequency system on chip FPGAs. Here we present a software and firmware extension to QICK, Defect Arbitrary Waveform Generator (QICK-DAWG),an open-source package that supports quantum control of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond and other quantum defects using RFSoC FPGAs. QICKDAWG extends QICK to the characterization of nitrogen-vacancy defects and other diamond quantum defects by implementing DC-1 GHz readout, AOM or gated laser control, and analog or photon counting readout options. We also demonstrate six key measurement programs—photoluminescence intensity, optically detected magnetic resonance, readout calibration, rabi oscillations, Hahn echo T2 relaxation, and T1 relaxation. We demonstrate that QICK and QICK-DAWG are powerful new paradigms of open source quantum hardware that lowers the entry barrier for quantum information sciences for a variety of quantum platforms. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 4:48PM - 5:00PM |
K46.00008: Coherent Electric Field Control of Orbital State of a Neutral Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Hodaka Kurokawa, Keidai Wakamatsu, Shintaro Nakazato, Makino Toshiharu, Hiromitsu Kato, Yuhei Sekiguchi, Hideo Kosaka The coherent control of the orbital state is crucial for realizing the extremely-low power manipulation of the color centers in diamonds. Herein, a neutrally-charged nitrogen-vacancy center, NV0, is proposed as an ideal system for orbital control using electric fields. The electric susceptibility in the ground state of NV0 is estimated, and found to be comparable to that in the excited state of NV-. Also, the coherent control of the orbital states of NV0 is demonstrated. The required power for orbital control is three orders of magnitude smaller than that for spin control, highlighting the potential for interfacing a superconducting qubit operated in a dilution refrigerator. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 5:00PM - 5:12PM |
K46.00009: Imaging of Nonlinear Spin Waves in Yttrium Iron Garnet Using Nitrogen Vacancy Spin Qubits Shantam M Ravan, Johannes Cremer, Daniel Fernandez, Ilya Esterlis, Eugene Demler, Ronald L Walsworth, Amir Yacoby Spin waves are coherent magnetic excitations that may exist in ferromagnets. The state of the art host material for these spin waves is yttrium iron garnet (YIG) due to its low dissipation [1]. Recent experiments have demonstrated the coupling between spin waves in YIG and nitrogen vacancy (NV) spin quibits in diamond, which are well established quantum sensors of magnetic fields [2]. Due to the potential of YIG spin waves to be used in magnetic scattering and spintronic applications, it is of interest to further understand magnon-magnon interactions at high excitation powers [3]. In this experiment, we use NV magnetic sensing to image four-magnon interaction processes in YIG under various excitation parameters. Understanding these processes will potentially allow for the off resonant generation and detection of short wavelength magnons. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 5:12PM - 5:24PM |
K46.00010: Hybrid System based on Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) Center and Spin Wave Device Jiahao WU, Jiacheng Liu, ZHEYU REN, Man Yin Leung, Wai Kuen Leung, Kin On Ho, Xiangrong Wang, QIMING SHAO, Sen Yang We present a hybrid system that offers a promising alternative to semiconductors and MEMS resonators. This hybrid system, combining nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center with spin wave devices, can easily integrate with various substrates. Using the quantum sensing method, we observe spin wave nonlinear response in a micro-size CoFeB waveguide and confirm our results with micromagnetic simulations. Additionally, we demonstrate coherent quantum control of a qubit through nonlinear spin-wave interactions for the first time, constituting a major advance toward miniaturized quantum sensing applications. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 5:24PM - 5:36PM |
K46.00011: Stroboscopic X-ray Diffraction Microscopy of Dynamic Strain in Diamond Thin-film Bulk Acoustic Resonators for Quantum Control of Nitrogen Vacancy Centers Anthony D'Addario, Johnathan Kuan, Noah F Opondo, Ozan Erturk, Tao Zhou, Sunil A Bhave, Martin Holt, Gregory D Fuchs Color centers, like the NV center in diamond, have emerged as an essential platform for quantum sensing and quantum networking. Bulk-mode acoustic waves in a crystalline material exert lattice strain through the thickness of the sample, enabling quantum control or hybrid coupling between color centers and a resonator. We directly image acoustic strain within NV center-coupled diamond thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonators using stroboscopic scanning hard X-ray diffraction microscopy at the Advanced Photon Source. The summation of the X-ray diffraction through the diamond provides both a qualitative measurement of the bulk strain's modal distribution as well as a quantitative measurement of the amplitude. Also, we strain-driven Rabi procession of the NV center spin ensemble provides an additional quantitative measurement of the strain amplitude. As a result, we directly measure the NV spin-strain coupling parameter b by correlating these two sets of measurements at the same spatial position and applied microwave power. Our results demonstrate a unique technique for directly imaging AC lattice strain in nanomechanical structures and provide a direct measurement of a fundamental constant for the NV center defect spin Hamiltonian. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 5:36PM - 5:48PM |
K46.00012: Engineering Phonon-Qubit Interactions using Phononic Crystals Benjamin Pingault, Kazuhiro Kuruma, Cleaven Chia, Michael Haas, Graham Joe, Daniel R Assumpcao, Sophie Weiyi Ding, Chang Jin, CJ Xin, Matthew Yeh, Neil Sinclair, Marko Loncar The ability to control phonons in solids is key for diverse quantum applications, ranging from quantum information processing to sensing. Often, phonons are sources of noise and decoherence, since they can interact with a variety of solid-state quantum systems. To mitigate this, quantum systems typically operate at milli-Kelvin temperatures to reduce the number of thermal phonons. Here we demonstrate an alternative approach that relies on engineering phononic density of states, drawing inspiration from photonic bandgap structures that have been used to control the spontaneous emission of quantum emitters. We design and fabricate diamond phononic crystals with a complete phononic bandgap spanning 50 - 70 gigahertz, tailored to suppress interactions of a single silicon-vacancy color center with resonant phonons of the thermal bath. At 4 Kelvin, we demonstrate a reduction of the phonon-induced orbital relaxation rate of the color center by a factor of 18 compared to bulk. Furthermore, we show that the phononic bandgap can efficiently suppress phonon-color center interactions up to 20 Kelvin. In addition to enabling operation of quantum memories at higher temperatures, the ability to engineer qubit-phonon interactions may enable new functionalities for quantum science and technology, where phonons are used as carriers of quantum information. |
Tuesday, March 5, 2024 5:48PM - 6:00PM |
K46.00013: Detecting and manipulating individual carbon vacancies in diamond with atomic antennas Zixi Li, Xinghan Guo, Yu Jin, Francesco Andreoli, Anil Bilgin, David D Awschalom, Nazar Delegan, Joseph F Heremans, Darrick Chang, Giulia Galli, Alexander A High A resonantly excited atomic optical dipole simultaneously generates a propagating (far-) and an evanescent (near-) electromagnetic field. The near-field component diverges in the limit of vanishing distance, indicating an optical antenna with potential for giant near-field intensity enhancement. In principle, any atomic optical dipole in a solid can serve as an optical antenna; however, most of them suffer from environment-induced decoherence that largely mitigates field enhancement. Here, we demonstrate that germanium vacancy centers in diamond - optically-coherent atom-like dipoles in a solid - are exemplary antennas. We measure up to million-fold optical intensity enhancement in the near-field of resonantly excited germanium vacancies. We utilize germanium vacancy antennas to detect and control the charge state of nearby carbon vacancies and generate measurable fluorescence from individual vacancies through Forster resonance energy transfer. Comparison with plasmonic nanospheres - a prototypical near-field enhancement medium -- shows that atomic antennas can generate orders-of-magnitude larger field intensity at nanometer lengthscales. Our study reveals the capacity of atomic antennas for efficient optical energy concentration in solids, with broad applications in spectroscopy, sensing, and quantum science. |
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