APS March Meeting 2024
Monday–Friday, March 4–8, 2024;
Minneapolis & Virtual
Session HH02: V: Biological Physics at the Cellular Scale
11:30 AM–1:18 PM,
Wednesday, March 6, 2024
Room: Virtual Room 02
Sponsoring
Unit:
DBIO
Chair: Dong Wang, Yale University; Yuan-Nan Young, New Jersey Institute of Technology
Abstract: HH02.00001 : Dynamic Symphonies: Spatio-Temporal Pattern Formation in Tissue Morphogenesis*
11:30 AM–11:42 AM
Abstract
Presenter:
Arkayan Laha
(IISER Kolkata)
Author:
Arkayan Laha
(IISER Kolkata)
Collaborations:
Arkayan Laha, Rumi De
Tissue morphogenesis, the captivating phenomena by which tissues acquire their shapes during development, is the result of a dynamic interaction between the activities of individual cells, the pathways they use to communicate with one another, and the mechanical forces they are subjected to. Recent studies have unveiled the pivotal role of a fascinating aspect of this complex process—oscillation at various scales, from intracellular to multicellular levels. This early developmental periodicity at the level of cell shape, contractile proteins (actin, myosin), and various signaling pathways (RhoA), enhances the precision of biological process regulation by controlling the spatiotemporal organization of the tissue, and lack of it leads to the severe morphogenetic defects. In our theoretical framework, we examine the dynamics of a one-dimensional generic isotropic active viscoelastic continuum that adheres to a substrate. Our focus is on understanding how variations in different cellular and extracellular mechanical properties influence its behavior. The numerical results obtained from our study indicate that, based on the parameters, the system has the potential to exist in any of the three distinct phases: a homogeneous steady state characterized by a constant concentration of the active elements; a persistent oscillatory regime, and a spontaneous contracted state with a significantly higher concentration level of the active elements. We have carried out linear stability analysis (LSA) using a one-mode model and found that the system goes through a Hopf bifurcation. LSA also provides insights into how the oscillation frequency depends on the system's characteristics. Additionally, it is seen that when the system approaches the contracted state, the amplitude of oscillation ceases to remain constant, and instead, the system displays spatio-temporal chaos. Additionally, the system has been investigated using the mean field approximation in order to assess the significance of the nonlinearities present in the system.
*IISER Kolkata