Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session Z67: Transduction for Hybrid Quantum Systems IIFocus
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Chenxu Liu, Virginia Tech Room: Room 412 |
Friday, March 10, 2023 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
Z67.00001: A deterministic and shape-controlled microwave single-photon source for transduction to optical frequencies Sheng-Xiang Lin, Nicholas E Frattini, Robert D Delaney, Sarang Mittal, Kazemi Adachi, Maxwell D Urmey, Luca G Talamo, Sarah Dickson, Cindy A Regal, Konrad Lehnert An electro-optic transducer is an essential part of networking superconducting nodes and communicating quantum information from distant places. Our mechanically-mediated electro-optic converter has achieved high efficiency and low added noise [1], and also demonstrates reading out qubits optically [2]. To fit quantum signals within the kHz-scale bandwidth of this transducer, the microwave photon source must be sufficiently coherent. We design a two-post-cavity microwave device for deterministically generating single-photon states and controlling their temporal shape to optimally use the transducer’s bandwidth. Here, I will present our efforts of building up this single-photon source for efficient transduction of microwave photons to optical frequencies. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
Z67.00002: Direct piezoelectric transduction to a silicon single-mode acoustic waveguide Oliver A Hitchcock, Wentao Jiang, Felix M Mayor, Matthew P Maksymowych, Sultan Malik, Amir H Safavi-Naeini Quantum computing and communication technologies require the development of long-lived quantum memory elements to accelerate progress. Recent results in quantum acoustics suggests that nanomechanics are an attractive platform for building quantum memories and interfacing with existing superconducting qubits to form scalable quantum architectures. In particular, acoustic waveguides can store many "flying" qubits in a compact footprint while also providing the necessary time-delayed feedback for measurement based quantum computing schemes. Additionally, phonons with ultralong coherence times have been demonstrated in silicon and strong coupling has been shown between superconducting qubits and lithium niobate (LN) nanomechanics. In this work, we design a lithium niobate transducer which is piezoelectrically coupled to microwaves and mechanically coupled to a single mode silicon acoustic waveguide. The devices are fabricated using electron beam lithography and a transfer print technique for heterogeneous integration of LN and Si. Measurements at 10mK allow us to extract the parameters of the coupled mode system as well as the energy relaxation and decoherence times of the silicon delay line modes. Future efforts toward integration with superconducting qubits will also be discussed. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
Z67.00003: Coherent millimeter-wave transduction with lithium niobate electro-optics Kevin K Multani, Jason F Herrmann, Felix M Mayor, Wentao Jiang, Erik Szakiel, Matthew P Maksymowych, Luke Qi, Emilio A Nanni, Amir H Safavi-Naeini Superconducting systems, while promising for quantum computation, are limited by dilution refrigerator space constraints. To overcome these constraints and to construct quantum networks, frequency converters are needed. In this work, we demonstrate an integrated millimeter-wave-to-optical electro-optic transducer on a lithium niobate-on-sapphire platform. By utilizing millimeter-wave frequencies we obtain an increase in the electro-optic coupling rate and we can operate at higher temperatures, which allows for using greater optical pump power. This transducer is a triply-resonant system consisting of two optical modes (~1521 nm, ~1521.7 nm) of a racetrack resonator plus a NbN superconducting resonator (~105 GHz). Our device is packaged to interface with WR10 waveguide ports, while also maintaining fiber optical access to couple light onto the chip via grating couplers. We measure photon number conversion efficiency and transduction bandwidth as a function of pump power at 4 K. We are predominantly limited by the quality factor of the millimeter-wave mode. With improvements to efficiency, our transducer could be included in a microwave-optical conversion scheme, or as an entangled photon-pair source. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 12:06PM - 12:18PM Author not Attending |
Z67.00004: Quantum transduction is enhanced by single mode squeezing operators Changchun Zhong, Mingrui Xu, Aashish A Clerk, Hong X Tang, Liang Jiang A perfect quantum transducer with infinite quantum channel capacity generally satisfies the full matching condition but is hard to achieve in practice. In this work [1], we introduce a new approach to relax the full matching condition to half matching condition, which can be physically achieved by introducing two-photon drive in a transducer. Moreover, based on an example of electro-optic transducer we numerically show that full matching condition can even be achieved by adding another parametric drive. The technique developed is expected to boost the performance of transduction with various physical platforms. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
Z67.00005: Incorporating single-photon counting with an efficient electro-optic transducer (part I) Luca G Talamo, Maxwell D Urmey, Nicholas E Frattini, Jon M Kindem, Sarang Mittal, Kazemi Adachi, Sarah Dickson, Sheng-Xiang Lin, Cindy A Regal, Konrad Lehnert A sufficiently efficient and low-noise transducer linking microwave and optical frequencies would enable entanglement between superconducting quantum registers separated by long distances. In the presence of inevitable transmission losses, single-photon detection can be leveraged to trade success probability for improved fidelity of such entanglement. We present the experimental incorporation of optical photon counting with a high-efficiency transducer. This transducer links microwave and optical fields via simultaneous coupling to the same mechanical mode of a MHz-frequency silicon nitride membrane. We demonstrate the implementation of single-photon detection to characterize the transducer while operated with its mechanical mode close to the ground state. Part I of this presentation focuses on the single-photon counting measurement apparatus. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 12:30PM - 12:42PM |
Z67.00006: Incorporating single-photon counting with an efficient electro-optic transducer (parts II) Maxwell D Urmey, Luca G Talamo, Nicholas E Frattini, Jonathan M Kindem, Sarang Mittal, Kazemi Adachi, Sarah Dickson, Sheng-Xiang Lin, Konrad Lehnert, Cindy A Regal A sufficiently efficient and low-noise transducer linking microwave and optical frequencies would enable entanglement between superconducting quantum registers separated by long distances. In the presence of inevitable transmission losses, single-photon detection can be leveraged to trade success probability for improved fidelity of such entanglement. We present the experimental incorporation of optical photon counting with a high-efficiency transducer. This transducer links microwave and optical fields via simultaneous coupling to the same mechanical mode of a MHz-frequency silicon nitride membrane. We demonstrate the implementation of single-photon detection to characterize the transducer while operated with its mechanical mode close to the ground state. Part II of this presentation focuses on the addition of this capability with the electro-optic transducer. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 12:42PM - 12:54PM |
Z67.00007: Microwave-optical photon correlations in a piezo-optomechanical quantum transducer Srujan Meesala, David Lake, Steven Wood, Piero Chiappina, Andrew Beyer, Matthew Shaw, Oskar Painter We operate a piezo-optomechanical transducer in a parametric down-conversion scheme geared to generate entangled microwave-optical photon pairs. In this scheme, an optical pump first generates entangled optical photons and phonons in pairs via radiation pressure. Subsequently, a strong piezoelectric interaction converts the phonon into a microwave photon with high efficiency. Crucially, during this sequence, we can maintain optical pump induced noise in the circuit well below one quantum. High repetition rate and efficient readout allow us to detect a large intensity correlation between microwave and optical fields, nearly twice the value for thermal states. We outline a scheme to utilize these correlations for optically heralded entanglement generation between remote superconducting qubits. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 12:54PM - 1:06PM |
Z67.00008: Three-dimensional system design and material characterization for microwave-optical quantum transduction Changqing Wang, Ivan Gonin, Anna Grassellino, Sergey Kazakov, Alexander Romanenko, Vyacheslav P Yakovlev, Silvia Zorzetti Quantum transduction allows for the interconnection between cryogenic superconducting quantum computers and room-temperature optical quantum communication systems. Here we present our progress in realizing a three-dimensional microwave-optical transducer based on a long-coherence-time superconducting cavity integrated with an electro-optic optical resonator. We engineer the cavity geometry for optimized microwave-optical coupling and characterize the microwave properties of electro-optic materials at cryogenic temperature. Such a scheme enables large electro-optic coupling strength with low microwave and optical losses, thus leading to high-efficiency quantum transduction operating at relatively low optical pump power. We envision that the efficient transducer can be exploited for optical readout of superconducting qubits, remote entanglement generation, and high-precision quantum sensing. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 1:06PM - 1:18PM |
Z67.00009: Microwave to optical transduction with Piezo-Optomechanics utilizing Brillouin Scattering Taekwan Yoon, David Mason, Vijay Jain, Yiwen Chu, Luigi Frunzio, Peter T Rakich, Robert J Schoelkopf At cryogenic temperatures, bulk acoustic resonators support robust, long-lived mechanical modes, capable of coupling to various quantum systems. In separate works, bulk acoustic devices have achieved strong coupling to both superconducting qubits and optical cavities, making it a potential quantum resource. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 1:18PM - 1:54PM |
Z67.00010: Alfredo Rueda Invited Speaker: Alfredo R Rueda Sanchez
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Friday, March 10, 2023 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
Z67.00011: Minimizing high-power dielectric loss and noise in a mechanically-mediated electro-optic transducer Sarang Mittal, Kazemi Adachi, Nicholas E Frattini, Sheng-Xiang Lin, Maxwell D Urmey, Luca G Talamo, Sarah Dickson, Cindy A Regal, Konrad Lehnert A quantum network based on microwave-frequency superconducting circuits connected by optical fibers will require a highly efficient and low-noise microwave-to-optical transducer. We have developed such a transducer by simultaneously coupling a mechanical mode of a Si3N4 membrane to a superconducting LC circuit and a high finesse optical Fabry-Perot cavity. In the presence of strong parametric pumps, we have operated the transducer with 47% efficiency and 3.2 photons of input referred added noise [1]. Quantum operation requires further reduction of the noise, which is currently dominated by noise induced by the strong microwave pump. We observe that the induced microwave noise is positively correlated with excess microwave loss, which is strongly dependent on circulating power and temperature of the LC circuit. We have narrowed down the source of the excess loss to the Si3N4. Here, we present efforts to reduce the loss and noise through thermal treatment and geometrical screening of the dielectric. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
Z67.00012: Reliable small-gap capacitors in an electro-opto-mechanical transducer Kazemi Adachi, Sarang Mittal, Nicholas E Frattini, Sheng-Xiang Lin, Maxwell D Urmey, Luca G Talamo, Sarah Dickson, Cindy A Regal, Konrad Lehnert Bidirectional microwave-to-optical frequency transducers will allow superconducting qubit nodes to be connected via networks of fiber optic cables. Our electro-optic transducer uses a high-Q mechanical mode of a Si3N4 membrane to simultaneously modulate the resonances of a vacuum-gap, superconducting LC circuit and a Fabry-Perot optical cavity. Our device operates with high efficiency and low added noise within a narrow bandwidth, limited by microwave-induced excess loss and noise [1]. Decreasing the capacitor-gap spacing in a controlled manner would increase the electromechanical coupling. We present an upgraded flip-chip design that improves electromechanical coupling and device reliability by rigidly pinning the membrane on a node of motion. Crucially, we demonstrate that this does not degrade our mechanical Q. |
Friday, March 10, 2023 2:18PM - 2:30PM Author not Attending |
Z67.00013: Superconducting qubits for phononic integration William F Kindel, Sueli C Skinner-Ramos, Michael R Miller, Lisa Hackett, Courtney Nordquist, Brandon Smith, C. Thomas Harris, Rupert M Lewis, Matt Eichenfield Hybrid superconducting-phononic systems are a promising platform for quantum information processing. While there have been advances developing superconducting quantum processors, many challenges remain such as, long distance quantum coherent transmission and memory. Phononic resonators in thin silicon membranes can have lifetimes in excess of 1 second, far exceeding the lifetime of any on-chip superconducting circuit. The phononic modes can be frequency matched to superconducting circuits and wavelength matched to optical modes, providing a path for quantum networking via an optical channel. Thus, hybrid superconducting-phononic systems potentially address these long-standing challenges. Here, we present our experimental results developing superconducting qubits on material platforms for phononic integration. SNL is managed and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525. |
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