Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session T66: Quantum Gases II |
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Sponsoring Units: DAMOP Chair: Mengxin Du, University of Texas at Dallas Room: Room 413 |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 11:30AM - 11:42AM |
T66.00001: Dipolar Interacting Quantum Matter in Synthetic Dimensions Sohail Dasgupta, Chunhan Feng, Richard T Scalettar, Kaden Hazzard Synthetic dimension platforms in ultracold atoms and molecules offer unique ways of exploring quantum matter. These highly tunable systems can mimic solid-state phenomena, as well as realize novel Hamiltonians beyond usual solid-state materials or optical lattices. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 11:42AM - 11:54AM |
T66.00002: Floquet-heating-induced Bose condensation in a scar-like mode of an open optical lattice Alexander Schnell, Ling-Na Wu, Artur Widera, André Eckardt Periodically driven quantum systems suffer from heating via resonant excitation. While such Floquet heating guides a generic isolated system towards the infinite-temperature state, a driven open system, coupled to a thermal bath, will approach a non-equilibrium steady state. We show that the interplay of bath-induced dissipation and controlled Floquet heating can give rise to non-equilibrium Bose condensation in a mode protected from Floquet heating. In particular, we consider a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in an optical lattice of finite extent, which is coupled weakly to a three-dimensional thermal bath given by a second atomic species. The bath temperature T lies well above the crossover temperature, below which the majority of the system's particles form a (finite-size) Bose condensate in the ground state. However, when a strong local potential modulation is switched on, which resonantly excites the system, a non-equilibrium Bose condensate is formed in a state that decouples from the drive. Our predictions, which are based on a microscopic model that is solved using kinetic equations of motion derived from Floquet-Born-Markov theory, can be probed under realistic experimental conditions. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 11:54AM - 12:06PM |
T66.00003: Rydberg-blockade-based parity quantum optimization Clemens Dlaska, Martin Lanthaler, Kilian Ender, Wolfgang Lechner A major research effort in quantum information science focuses on exploring a potential quantum advantage in the solution of combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. A particularly promising platform implementing quantum optimization algorithms are arrays of trapped neutral atoms, laser coupled to highly excited Rydberg states. However, encoding arbitrary combinatorial optimization problems in atomic arrays is challenging due to limited interqubit connectivity of the finite-range dipolar interactions. Here, we present a scalable architecture for solving higher-order constrained binary optimization problems on current neutral-atom hardware operating in the Rydberg blockade regime. A paradigmatic combinatorial optimization problem directly encodable on such devices is the maximum-weight independent set (MWIS) problem on disk graphs. We extend this approach to generic combinatorial optimization problems by utilizing the recently developed parity encoding of arbitrary connected higher-order constrained optimization problems. The parity encoding only requires problem-encoding local fields and problem-indepedent quasi-local interactions among 2 x 2 plaquettes of nearest-neighbor physical qubits on a square lattice geometry. We formulate the required plaquette-logic as MWIS problem, which allows one to build our architecture from small MWIS modules in a problem-independent way, crucial for practical scalability. Furthermore, we provide an efficient method to compensate for the long-range interaction tails of the van der Waals interaction between Rydberg atoms. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 12:06PM - 12:18PM |
T66.00004: Preservation of Quantum States by Local Error Correction on a Two-dimensional Toric Code in a Rydberg Atom Array Mincheol Park, Nishad Maskara, Marcin Kalinowski, Mikhail D Lukin To build a reliable quantum computer, errors occurring in quantum hardware and corrupting the information being processed must be identified and corrected systematically by quantum error correcting codes (QECC). This research project focuses on the toric code—a canonical example of a topological error correcting code. Traditionally, decoding in the toric code is done with global error syndrome information, which are the measured values of all stabilizer operators. However, in the Rydberg atom array setup that is one of the platforms for experimentally prepared toric code state, mid-circuit measurements are more costly than than coherent local quantum operations, including multi-qubit gates and dynamical rearrangement. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 12:18PM - 12:30PM |
T66.00005: Spatial quench of Fermi-superfluid for extracting critical exponents Bishal Parajuli, Chih-Chun Chien In ultracold atomic systems, the parameters in the Hamiltonian can be driven across a critical point to induce a quantum phase transition. The proximity effect of superconductivity has a similar setup where the interaction vanishes across an interface. We study interface properties of Fermi superfluid next to a normal Fermi gas. The inhomogeneous system is described by Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations. The superfluid correlation penetrates the normal region. The frozen correlation length within the critical regime leads to scaling behavior. We follow the Kibble-Zurek mechanism to extract the critical exponents from the pairing correlation and compare to the Ginzburg-Landau theory. We also study step-function quench, which may establish a connection between atomic gases and superconductors. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 12:30PM - 12:42PM |
T66.00006: strongly correlated few-photon propagation in feedforward waveguide-atomic networks xinyuan zheng, Edo Waks We provide a systematic theoretical formalism to study strongly correlated few-photon transport in feedforward waveguide-atomic networks. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 12:42PM - 12:54PM |
T66.00007: Observation of Universal Hall Response in Strongly Interacting Fermions Michele Filippone The Hall effect originates from the motion of charged particles in a magnetic field and has deep consequences for the description and characterization of materials, far beyond the context of condensed matter physics. Understanding the Hall effect in interacting systems still represents a fundamental challenge. Here [1] we directly observe the build-up of the Hall response in an interacting quantum system by exploiting controllable quench dynamics in an atomic quantum simulator. By tracking the motion of ultracold fermions in a two-leg ribbon threaded by an artificial magnetic field, we measure the Hall response as a function of synthetic tunnelling and atomic interactions. We unveil an interaction-independent universal behaviour above an interaction threshold, in clear agreement with theoretical analyses [2-3]. Our approach and findings open new directions for the quantum simulation of strongly correlated topological states of matter. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 12:54PM - 1:06PM |
T66.00008: A new class of "soft" O(N) sigma models Tzu-Chi Hsieh, Leo Radzihovsky A uni-directional "density" wave order in an isotropic environment is guaranteed (by underlying spontaneously broken rotational symmetry) to display "soft" smectic-like Goldstone modes. Examples of such "soft" states include smectic liquid crystals, putative Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluids, helical states of frustrated bosons and spins. In this talk, I will discuss a new class of fully rotationally invariant O(N) smectic sigma- and associated Ginzburg-Landau models to describe such unusual, strongly fluctuating states, their phase transitions and low energy properties. I will also show that below three dimensions such models display strongly-coupled Goldstone modes tamed by nonlinearities that lead to a critical phase with universal anomalous correlations. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 1:06PM - 1:18PM |
T66.00009: Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms Milan Kornjaca, Rhine Samajdar, Tommaso Macri, Nathan Gemelke, Alexander Keesling, Sheng-Tao Wang, Fangli Liu Quantum spin liquids are paradigmatic strongly correlated quantum states, but they have long eluded physical realizations. Only recently, the direct signatures of topological Z2 spin liquids have been observed in a ruby Rydberg array. Here, we propose a concrete realization of a distinct class of spin liquids with fundamentally different excitations --- the gapless spin liquid --- in the honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms. We show that the honeycomb lattice maps to a classical trimer model on the triangular lattice in the regime where the third-nearest-neighbor atoms are within the blockade radius. We explore the quantum phase diagram of the model using both the density matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization simulations. Most intriguingly, we find that, with quantum fluctuations, a novel trimer quantum spin liquid ground state appears. The fidelity of the trimer spin liquid states can be enhanced with dynamical preparation, and we explain the universal fidelity enhancement by a Rydberg-blockade projection mechanism associated with the smooth off-ramp. Finally, we discuss the robustness of the trimer spin liquid under realistic experimental parameters and demonstrate that our proposal can be readily implemented in current Rydberg atom quantum simulators. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 1:18PM - 1:30PM |
T66.00010: Achieving the Continuum Limit of (1+1)D Lattice Quantum Electrodynamics in Cold-Atom Simulators Conall V McCabe, Matjaz Kebric, Fabian Grusdt Advances in cold-atom simulators has allowed the implementation of a Z2 lattice gauge theory in optical lattices where phenomena inherent of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) can readily be observed. However a procedure for reliably taking the ZN → U(1) limit necessary to recovery the continuum theory in quantum simulators has remained elusive. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 1:30PM - 1:42PM |
T66.00011: Thermal radiation in curved spacetime using influence functional formalism Chiranjeeb Singha Generalizing to relativistic exponential scaling and using the theory of noise from quantum fluctuations, it has been shown that one vacuum (Rindler, Hartle-Hawking, or Gibbons-Hawking for the cases of the uniformly accelerated detector, black hole, and de-Sitter universe, respectively) can be understood as resulting from the scaling of quantum noise in another vacuum. We explore this idea more generally to establish a flat spacetime and curved spacetime analogy. For this purpose, we start by examining noise kernels for free fields in some well-known curved spacetimes, e.g., the spacetime of a charged black hole, the spacetime of a Kerr black hole, Schwarzschild-de Sitter, Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter, and Reissner-Nordstrom de-Sitter spacetimes. Here, we consider a maximal analytical extension for all these spacetimes and different vacuum states. We show that the exponential scale transformation is responsible for the thermal nature of radiation. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 1:42PM - 1:54PM |
T66.00012: Effective Hubbard parameters for programmable tweezer arrays Hao-Tian Wei, Eduardo Ibarra Garcia Padilla, Kaden Hazzard, Michael Wall, Zoe Z Yan, Benjamin M Spar, Max Prichard, Sungjae Chi, Waseem S Bakr The experimental realization of Fermi-Hubbard tweezer arrays with lithium-6 atoms in 1- and 2-D (?PRL128,223202, PRL129,123201) opens a new stage for studying fermionic matter and fermionic quantum computing, where programmable lattice geometries and Hubbard model parameters are paired with single-site imaging. ?In order to use these versatile experimental Fermi-Hubbard models as quantum simulators, it is crucial to know the Hubbard parameters describing them, which are difficult to set to desired values and require laborious calibration without theoretical guidance. Here we present calculations of Hubbard model parameters of arbitrary 2-D lattice geometries, including tunneling , onsite potential and interaction , and compare results with experimental measurements. The Hubbard parameters can be obtained for both bosonic and fermionic tweezer arrays. The calculations are not limited to single band as well, and may be used to engineer multi-band Hubbard models. We also present procedures ?to solve the inverse problem: finding lattice geometries that realize desired Hubbard parameters. The simplest case is to find geometries realizing uniform Hubbard parameters. Our calculations contribute to evaluate and optimize 2-D Fermi-Hubbard tweezer array experiments, and further help on developing fermionic quantum simulation platforms. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
T66.00013: generation of quantum spin liquids from Floquet engineering of multi-spin interactions in optical lattices Jingchen Zhang, Andrey Grankin, Hossein Dehghani, Mohammad Hafezi Quantum spin liquids are phases of matter with exotic properties such as the presence of long range entanglement and quasiparticles excitations with fractional statistics. There have been numerous experimental investigations to detect quantum spin liquids in solid state systems in the past few decades, however, verifying these phases of matter is still quite challenging. On the other hand, Floquet engineering has emerged as a powerful technique that can be employed to study exotic quantum phases in atomic molecular optical (AMO) quantum simulators. In this work, we use Floquet engineering to manipulate a bosonic AMO system on triangular or Kagome lattices where an effective spin Hamiltonian can be obtained which hosts a chiral(gapped) or gapless spin liquid ground state. In particular, we consider a driven two-component Bose Hubbard model in the triangular or Kagome lattices with complex hopping constants. We then obtain an effective spin Hamiltonian in terms of Heisenberg interactions and chiral spin interactions Si ·(Sj ×Sk) tunable as a function of the frequency and amplitude of the drive. Finally, we propose several experimental methods to detect and verify the signatures of spin liquids in optical lattices. |
Thursday, March 9, 2023 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
T66.00014: Towards higher Tc in bilayer optical lattice with a potential difference Yahui Zhang There have been a lot of efforts on simulating the Fermi Hubbard model in the cold atom optical lattice system. One particular goal is to realize a superconducting phase similar to the high Tc superconductor in cuprates. However, the accessible temperature now is still one order larger than the expected critical temperature. Here we propose to study a bilayer optical lattice system with a potential difference, which may host a stronger superconductor with much larger Tc. Through controlling the potential difference, we can make one layer at density n=1 and the other layer at density n=1-x. Then the system can simulates a Kondo model with a usual t-J model in one layer coupled to spin moments in the other layer. The spin flcutuations in the other layer can enhance the pairing stregnth of the t-J layer. We will show numerical and analytical evidences for enhanced spin gap by several times. The system can also be used to study Kondo transition observed in heavy Fermion systems. |
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