Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session M11: Biological Active Matter III
8:00 AM–11:00 AM,
Wednesday, March 8, 2023
Room: Room 203
Sponsoring
Unit:
DBIO
Chair: Wolfgang Losert, University of Maryland College Park
Abstract: M11.00005 : Geometric trade-off between contractile force and fluid drag determines the motility of actomyosin droplets*
9:12 AM–9:24 AM
Presenter:
Ryota Sakamoto
(Yale University)
Authors:
Ryota Sakamoto
(Yale University)
Ziane Izri
(University of Minnesota)
Yuta Shimamoto
(National Institute of Genetics)
Makito Miyazaki
(Kyoto University)
Yusuke T Maeda
(Kyushu University)
To decouple the mechanics from biochemical regulations, here we develop an in vitro biomimetic migratory cell model by encapsulating actomyosin networks into water-in-oil droplets covered with a lipid monolayer [1]. By implementing a cell-like polarization through actin-membrane binding, a polarized actin flow is induced, which generates sliding friction force at the droplet-substrate interface and propels the droplet. Combining microfluidic experiments and active gel theory, we find that a geometric balance between sliding friction force and fluid drag determines the migration speed under substrate confinement. Together, these findings provide a basic physical understanding of actomyosin-based motility controlled through actin flow-induced friction and environmental geometry.
*This work was supported by Scientific Research (B) Grants 20H01872 (to Y.T.M.) and 19H03201 (to Y.S.); Scientific Research on Innovative Areas "Molecular Engines" Grants 18H05427 (to Y.T.M.) and 19H05393 (to M.M.); Challenging Research (Exploratory) Grants 21K18605 (to Y.T.M.) and 20K21404 (to Y.S.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan; Human Frontier Science Program Research Grant RGP0037/2015 (to Y.T.M.); The Hakubi Project of Kyoto University (M.M.); and Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO, Japan Grant JPMJPR20ED (to M.M.). R.S. acknowledges support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellows Grant DC1 (grant no. JP19J20035) and the Overseas Postdoctoral Fellowships of the Uehara Memorial Foundation.
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