Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session K36: Keithley Award SymposiumInvited Undergrad Friendly
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Sponsoring Units: GIMS Chair: Irfan Siddiqi, University of California, Berkeley Room: Room 236 |
Tuesday, March 7, 2023 3:00PM - 3:36PM |
K36.00001: Joseph F. Keithley Award For Advances in Measurement Science Winner: Joel UllomPrecision Measurements with Superconducting Sensors Invited Speaker: Joel N Ullom Calorimeters are sensors that transduce incident energy to a measurable temperature increase. At operating temperatures approaching absolute zero, the dominant noise source in these devices is the stochastic exchange of energy between the sensor and its surrounding heat bath, and it becomes possible to measure energies and powers with exquisite precision. The use of thermometers and readout elements based on superconducting circuitry has proven particularly powerful. The combination of calorimetry, superconductivity, microfabrication, and advanced cryogenics is enabling a new class of scientific instruments with applications in both basic and applied science. Photon spectrometers based on multiplexed arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters are finding uses in metrology, astrophysics, materials analysis, and nuclear security. Imaging microwave polarimeters based on multiplexed arrays of power-sensing TES microbolometers have become indispensable tools for cosmology. In this talk, I review the principles of TES detectors, describe the synthesis of sensor, readout, and cryogenic technologies that has produced practical instruments based on microcalorimeter arrays, and highlight recent applications and instrument deployments. |
Tuesday, March 7, 2023 3:36PM - 4:12PM |
K36.00002: TES spectrometers for advanced x-ray spectroscopy at synchrotrons Invited Speaker: Sang-Jun Lee In synchrotron-based x-ray spectroscopy, particularly in the photon-in/photon-out mode, diffraction grating spectrometers have played a crucial role thanks to their superior energy resolution. However, they often lack detection efficiency required for measuring weak x-ray signals coming from dilute samples. To overcome this limitation, we have developed TES spectrometers based on an array of transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters and commissioned two of them at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL). The SSRL TES spectrometers have a wide spectral coverage of 200—1500 eV, an excellent energy resolution of 1–2 eV FWHM, and a solid angle that is orders of magnitude greater than that of grating spectrometers. This unique combination makes the TES a key instrument for advanced spectroscopy such as RIXS (resonant inelastic x-ray scattering) and REXS (resonant elastic x-ray scattering) with challenging sample environment. In this talk, I will describe the detailed performance of the two TES spectrometers as measured at the synchrotron beamlines and present several science results obtained in synergy between the TES and each beamline's capability. I will also describe our efforts to make the TES spectrometers a more powerful and user-friendly instrument. |
Tuesday, March 7, 2023 4:12PM - 4:48PM |
K36.00003: Transition-Edge Sensors at the Forefront of Cosmology Invited Speaker: Daniel Dutcher For well over a decade, the high sensitivity and background-limited performance of transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers have made them the technology of choice for ground-based observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This relic radiation from the early universe contains a wealth of information on the expansion history of the universe and the relative abundances of different forms of matter and energy present in it. Observations of the CMB form a pillar of the modern Standard Model of cosmology, and measurements taken with ever-greater precision test that model and probe the physics at the very beginning of the universe. To make increasingly sensitive measurements of the CMB, ever-larger arrays of TESs are being fielded in telescopes observing the millimeter-wave sky. Kilopixel-scale cameras that were common ten years ago have been replaced with receivers containing ten thousand or tens of thousands of TES devices, read out with increasingly sophisticated multiplexing schemes to limit the wiring complexity and thermal load on the cryogenic focal planes. Beyond this, the next phase of CMB experiment is already in development and plans to put on order of 500,000 TESs on sky, requiring a significant leap forward in TES fabrication and characterization. |
Tuesday, March 7, 2023 4:48PM - 5:24PM |
K36.00004: Extremely Cool Detectors On a Fireball: Launching the Micro-X Sounding Rocket Invited Speaker: Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano The NASA-sponsored Micro-X Sounding Rocket successfully completed its second flight August 21, 2022. The Micro-X Rocket launches an X-ray telescope into space, takes a snapshot of a supernova remnant, then returns to Earth on a parachute and is recovered for another flight. Micro-X uses an array of superconducting Transition-Edge Sensors as its detector, and a huge challenge for this rocket was launching devices that operate at 75 thousand's of a degree above absolute zero and have them stay cold while surviving 12gs of acceleration during flight. We will overview the mechanical and electrical design of this rocket payload, the engineering and scientific problems that were overcome to get it to flight, and the science that we can do with such an instrument. |
Tuesday, March 7, 2023 5:24PM - 6:00PM |
K36.00005: Low-Temperature Detectors for High Precision Nuclear Material Analysis Invited Speaker: Matthew H Carpenter Superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters are creating transformative new capabilities in nuclear material analysis, nuclear data measurements, and actinide science. With 10-50 times better energy resolution than semiconductor detectors, the development of TES microcalorimeters is intended to close the performance gap between nondestructive and destructive analysis methods. In some cases, entirely new types of measurements are possible. Extensive technology development over the past several years is now enabling the first deployed microcalorimeter instruments and quantitative performance evaluation with real-world nuclear materials. We will present an overview of new capabilities in X-ray, gamma-ray, and alpha decay energy spectroscopy enabled by this category of sensors, deployed instruments, and future directions. |
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