Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session GG08: V: Continous Variable QC and Quantum Networks |
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Kero Lau Room: Virtual Room 8 |
Monday, March 20, 2023 12:30PM - 12:42PM |
GG08.00001: Efficient High-Fidelity Flying Qubit Shaping Benedikt Tissot, Guido Burkard Single photon emission is the cornerstone of numerous quantum technologies, such as distributed quantum computing as well as several quantum internet and networking protocols. We find the upper limit for the photonic emission efficiency for imperfect emitters and show a path forward to optimize the fidelity. The outlined theory for stimulated Raman emission is applicable to a wide range of physical systems including quantum dots, solid state defects, and trapped ions, as well as various parameter regimes. Furthermore, the mathematical idea to use input-output theory for pulses to absorb the dominant emission process into the coherent dynamics, followed by a quantum trajectory approach has great potential to study other physical systems. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 12:42PM - 12:54PM |
GG08.00002: Experimental preparation of generalized and multipartite cat states for flying microwave photons Zenghui Bao Preparing Schrödinger's cat states has attracted wide research interest from testing quantum foundations to demonstrating the increasing controllability of modern quantum systems. In recent years, Schrödinger's cat states have been successfully prepared in various physical systems, including vibrational states of a trapped ion, propagating photon modes and microwave photons confined in superconducting cavities coupled with either Rydberg atoms or superconducting qubits. Here, we demonstrate a versatile and highly-scalable scheme to deterministically create generalized and multipartite flying cat states in the microwave domain, by reflecting coherent states photons from a microwave cavity containing a superconducting qubit. The full control over the superposition and entanglement of the prepared states is realized by the coherent control of the qubit state. We have performed full quantum state tomography on the generated states to reveal the distinct non-classical feature in the statistical properties of photon field, and verify quantum entanglement with up to four photonic modes. Our work presents a powerful toolbox for researching quantum metrology and many quantum information processing protocols based on cat states. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 12:54PM - 1:06PM |
GG08.00003: Continuous Variable Quantum Boltzmann Machines Kubra Yeter Aydeniz, George Siopsis Boltzmann Machines (BMs) are machine learning models which offer powerful framework for modelling probability distributions. In BMs, the probability distribution of the data is approximated based on a finite set of samples. After a successful training process, the learned distribution resembles to the actual distribution of the data such that it can make correct predictions about unseen instances. However, the generalization of the model suffers from growing number of parameters and training of a classical BM can become impractical. For these reasons, quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs) have been proposed. The QBM models developed so far utilize the discrete-variable quantum computing model (based on qubits) and this framework is only partially suited for continuous valued data. It is more natural to extend the QBM model to continuous variable quantum computing (CVQC) model to study the continuous data. In this study, we propose a CV QBM that utilizes previously developed CV quantum imaginary time evolution algorithm. We also discuss how to implement this model to classification and synthetic data generation problems. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 1:06PM - 1:18PM |
GG08.00004: Quantum key distribution in a packet-switched network Reem Mandil, Stephen DiAdamo, Bing Qi, Alireza Shabani Packet-switched communication networks were introduced as an efficient and scalable alternative to circuit switching in the early sixties. Today, packet switching is the dominant mode of operation in the Internet. Recently we have introduced packet switching as a new paradigm for quantum networks with universal applications. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of performing quantum key distribution (QKD) in a packet-switched network, using near-term technologies. To reduce network contention, several routing protocols are proposed, based on varying optical storage capacity of the router. We also develop a software tool for simulating the transport of packets in a multi-user QKD network, which provides us with the statistics for the dynamic channel between each user pair. Lastly, we use the simulated network statistics to predict the maximum secure key rate for each user pair in the network. As a testbed for our framework, we analyze a sixteen-user mesh network and discover that packet switching is imminently suitable as a platform for QKD, an important step towards the wide application of QKD, and ultimately, the development of the Quantum Internet. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 1:18PM - 1:30PM |
GG08.00005: Packet switching in quantum networks: A path to the Quantum Internet Stephen DiAdamo, Bing Qi, Alireza Shabani, Glen Miller, Ramana Kompella Large-scale quantum networks with thousands of nodes require scalable network protocols and physical hardware to realize. In this presentation, we introduce packet switching as a new paradigm for quantum data transmission in both future and near-term quantum networks. Packet switching allows for a universal design for a next generation Internet where classical and quantum data share the same network protocols and infrastructure. In this new quantum networking paradigm, entanglement distribution, as with quantum key distribution, is an application built on top of the quantum network rather than as a network designed especially for those purposes. We propose a classical-quantum data frame structure and explore methods of frame generation and processing. Further, we present conceptual designs for a quantum reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer to realize the proposed transmission scheme and review the challenges of a physical implementation. For analysis of the network model, we simulate the feasibility of quantum packet switching for some preliminary models of quantum key and entanglement distribution. Finally, we discuss how our model can be integrated with other network models toward a realization of the Quantum Internet. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 1:30PM - 1:42PM |
GG08.00006: Multi-objective shortest paths for quantum networks Dov Fields, Siddhartha Santra, Vladimir S Malinovsky Finding optimal paths for entanglement distribution in a quantum network is a multi-objective shortest path (MOSP) problem. In order to use efficient MOSP algorithms, the network algebra must be both monotonic and isotonic, something that is not trivially true for general quantum networks. In this paper, we utilize the pairwise entangled network (PEN) state framework to present fusion rules for combining entangled resources along network edges and show that these fusion rules satisfy the necessary conditions of monotonicity and isotonicity. Using this, we present an algorithm for finding Pareto-optimal paths between source-destination pairs of vertices. We use this algorithm to analyze a variety of different networks, specifically focusing on the similarity of the Pareto-optimal paths between the two nodes. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 1:42PM - 1:54PM |
GG08.00007: Quantum communication between superconducting qubits using flying microwave photons over low-loss interconnects Jiawei Qiu Marked by the demonstration of quantum advantage, superconducting quantum circuits have seen remarkable progress towards scalable quantum computation in the past few years. However, along with the scaling comes formidable emerging technical challenges such as the available chip size, the cooling power and the wiring complexity. Distributed quantum computational networks based on superconducting qubits promise further scalability beyond single chip or even single cryostat, where flying microwave photons at cryogenic temperatures are used as information carriers for quantum communication between distant superconducting chips. However, the fidelities of quantum state transfer and remote entanglement have been confined to ~80% to date[1-4], hindered by inefficient transfer of flying microwave photons over lossy interconnects. In this talk, I will present our recent experimental progress in quantum communication between superconducting qubits using flying microwave photons over low-loss interconnects. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 1:54PM - 2:06PM |
GG08.00008: FPGA-based signal generation and readout of SNSPD signals for quantum communication Christina Wang We perform the first experimental demonstration of using an FPGA-based radio frequency system-on-chip (RFSoC) architecture from Xilinx as the main electronics components of a quantum network by producing entangled photon-pairs and measuring its entanglement quality. Using a standard entangled photon-pair source, we constructed a simple demonstrator experiment illustrating the use of the RFSoC-FPGA in photonic time-bin encoded quantum networks. |
Monday, March 20, 2023 2:06PM - 2:18PM |
GG08.00009: Asymmetric Cloning to Eavesdrop on BB84 Protocol Elizabeth G Campolongo, Brian Pigott, Hardik Routray The BB84 Protocol is a method of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) introduced by Bennett and Brassard in 1984, which—theoretically—has perfect security. However, actualization of quantum computers with current technology does not guarantee the conditions necessary for such a level of security. The fidelity of the QPU (noise inherent in the system) reduces the accuracy of transmissions. By leveraging the inherent loss expected in the system, an eavesdropper may obtain actionable information [on the raw key] with sufficiently low disturbance to the signal to remain nearly undetectable. In this talk we will demonstrate how this is possible and the tradeoff between information gain and detectability. Our work is based on theoretical evaluation of the method of asymmetric phase-covariant cloning and experimentation on a trapped ion quantum computer. |
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