Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session CCC07: V: General Physics V |
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Sponsoring Units: APS Chair: Debabrata Goswami, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur Room: Virtual Room 7 |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
CCC07.00001: Symmetry-resolved entanglement in lattice gauge theories: A tensor networks approach Noa Feldman, Johannes Knaute, Erez Zohar, Moshe Goldstein We study gauge-symmetry-resolved entanglement in lattice gauge theories (LGTs). LGTs are useful as an approximation for continuum gauge field theories, as well as for being implementable many-body systems with topological order, making them candidates for fault-tolerant quantum computation. LGT is based on local symmetry, which makes natural the discussion of its symmetry-resolved properties, such as symmetry-resolved entanglement. This quantity, that is, the contribution to entanglement from each symmetry sector of the studied system, can point to relations between entanglement and symmetry, and isolate accessible entanglement when the local symmetry is enforced. We use tensor-network representations of LGT states to show the dependence of a subsystem's symmetry-resolved entanglement on the subsystem geometry and their relations with other model properties, such as confinement. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
CCC07.00002: Attractively interacting skyrmions under magneto-crystalline anisotropy in 2D chiral magnets Mai Kameda, Yuki Kawaguchi Magnetic skyrmions, topologically protected nanometric swirling spin configurations, are potentially capable of carrying information in magnetic memories and computing devices [1]. To enhance device controllability, it would be important to control inter-skyrmion interactions. Recently, attractive inter-skyrmion couplings are found to appear due to a frustrated exchange coupling [2] and due to the three-dimensional magnetic configurations [3, 4]. On the other hand, the inter-skyrmion interaction in two-dimensional chiral magnets was believed to be repulsive. This is true for two circular skyrmions. However, in this study, we find that deformation of skyrmion shape can change the sign of the interaction, giving rise to the inter-skyrmion attractions. We analytically derive an approximated inter-skyrmion interaction, Vapp(R), at distance R and numerically investigate the inter-skyrmion interaction, V(R), under a magneto-crystalline anisotropy [5]. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
CCC07.00003: Entanglement spectroscopy of anomalous surface states Arjun Dey, David F Mross I will show the entanglement spectra of gapped states on the surfaces of symmetry-protected topological phases. These surface states carry anomalies that do not allow them to be terminated by a trivial state. Their entanglement spectra are dominated by non-universal features, which reflect the underlying bulk. I will introduce a modified type of entanglement spectra that incorporate the anomaly and argue that they correspond to physical edge states between different surface states. Then, I will present explicit analytical and numerical calculations for free and interacting surfaces of three-dimensional topological insulators of electrons in support of these arguments. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
CCC07.00004: Evaporation and deposition of nanowire-laden binary droplets Mose Park, GUN OH, Byung Mook Weon, Sung Hoon Kang, Hoo-Jeong Lee Nanowire deposition from evaporating droplets is essential in inkjet printing because nanowires are useful as conductive materials. Nanowire alignment during evaporation is controlled by applying binary droplets where two solvents involve. In particular, we observe that the competition between edgeward capillary flows and the centerward Marangoni flows is essential to the nanowire distribution and alignment. We discuss the underlying physical mechanism to determine the evaporation dynamics and the final deposits for nanowire-laden binary droplets. This study would help understand and manipulate the evaporation and deposition dynamics of two-dimensional materials during droplet evaporation. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
CCC07.00005: Emergent Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Gene Regulatory Network motifs in different biological contexts Ushasi Roy Spatiotemporal pattern formation plays a key role in various biological phenomena including Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (during cellular differentiation and cancer initiation). Here, we explore the bio-molecular basis of reaction-diffusion systems due to gene regulation through transcription, protein dimerization, and growth-modulating host-circuit interaction. Spatiotemporal multi-stable patterns are formed due to the coupling of the transcriptional toggle switch and toggle triad and their molecular diffusion in one- and two-dimensional space. In another setup of a diffusible cellular environment by a motif with non-cooperative positive feedback, that imposes a metabolic burden on its host, emergent spatiotemporal bistability is obtained. Spatiotemporal diffusion coupled with competitive protein-protein interactions (homo- and hetero-dimerization) and autoregulatory feedback, prevalent in natural multi-stable circuits induces higher order spatiotemporal multistability — quadra-, hexa-, and septa-stability. These analyses offers valuable insights into the design principles of pattern formation facilitated by these network motifs, and suggest mechanistic underpinnings of biological pattern formation. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:00PM - 4:12PM |
CCC07.00006: AC and DC microelectrophoresis of non-aqueous colloidal suspensions of controllable charge Ashish Joy, Shivani Semwal, Victor Borges, Ivan Saika-Voivod, Anand Yethiraj Non-aqueous density- and refractive-indexed matched colloidal suspensions have been very important in colloidal self-assembly [1], including recent work on colloids with dipolar and depletion interactions [2]. Electrophoresis is a powerful tool to determine the surface potential and charge of the colloidal suspension under study. However, because of refractive index matching, standard electrophoresis measurements are not possible. We carry out microscope-based micro-electrophoresis in order to measure particle charge for a range of solvent conditions. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:12PM - 4:24PM |
CCC07.00007: General design principles for defect tolerance in materials from the study of lead bromide perovskites Gabriel J Man, Aleksandr Kalinko, Dibya Phuyal, Wolfgang Caliebe, Pabitra K Nayak, Håkan Rensmo, Sergei M Butorin The ability to design defect tolerant materials for societal sustainability is a grand challenge in the physical and material sciences. Our detailed study of the origins of defect tolerance in lead halide perovskites yields two new general design principles for defect tolerance in all materials. Using three prototypical lead bromide perovskites in single crystal form and synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy, we reveal the pivotal role of the A-cation in mediating the influence of photoinduced defects. A-cation hydrogen bonding facilitates chemical flexing of the lead-bromide bond that mitigates bromide vacancy self-n-doping. The contribution of semi-ionic lead-bromide bonding to the electronic band edges, where the bonding becomes more ionic upon the formation of defects, mitigates re-hybridization of the electronic structure. Our findings clarify the underpinnings of defect tolerance in halide perovskites and have implications for defect calculations, beam-based measurements of photophysical properties and long lifetime perovskite solar cell technology. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:24PM - 4:36PM |
CCC07.00008: Using uniaxial stress to probe the relationship between competing superconducting states in a cuprate with spin-stripe order Zurab Guguchia, Debarchan Das, Chennan Wang, Tadashi Adachi, Nobuyoshi Kitajima, Mathias Elender, Felix Brückner, Shreenanda Ghosh, Vadim Grinenko, Toni Shiroka, Markus Müller, Christopher M Mudry, Chris Baines, Marek Bartkowiak, Yoji Koike, Alex Amato, John M Tranquada, Hans Klauss, Clifford W Hicks, Hubertus Luetkens Cuprate high-temperature superconductors have complex phase diagrams with multiple competing ordered phases. Understanding to which degree charge, spin, and superconducting orders compete or coexist is paramount for elucidating the microscopic pairing mechanism in the cuprate HTSs. In this talk, I will report some novel results of muon-spin rotation (µSR) and AC susceptibility experiments on uniaxial stress effect on the static spin-stripe order and superconductivity in the La214 cuprates [1,2]. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:36PM - 4:48PM |
CCC07.00009: Quantum Bath Synthesizer Vincent Jouanny, Simone Frasca, Guillaume Beaulieu, Franco De Palma, Fabian Oppliger, Marco Scigliuzzo, Vera Jo Weibel, Davide Sbroggiò, Oded Zilberberg, Pasquale Scarlino Photonic cavity arrays form the basis of one of the most promising paradigms for quantum simulation to study complex many-body physics. We developed a non-trivial structured photonic environment that could enable a multimode strong and ultra-strong coupling with quantum emitters. This platform consists of a unidimensional metamaterial implemented by an array of coupled superconducting microwave cavities made from thin Niobium Nitride (NbN) thin films. Such disordered superconductor allows to reach a very high kinetic inductance, which presents a two-fold advantage: a) It allows to reach ultra-strong coupling with an artificial atom as the capacitive coupling is proportional to the square root of the resonators' impedance, which can be highly increased thanks to the kinetic inductance; b) It allows to strongly reduce the resonator/metamaterial footprint. Furthermore, working with a metamaterial allows the engineering of a non-trivial photonic dispersion relation, where one can open bandgaps where it is possible to obtain states displaying symmetry protected topological (SPT) properties (SSH-states). In this work, we have been able to fabricate and characterize unidimensional metamaterials made of up to 64 ultra-compact resonators, in which we have engineered diverse band structures. To assess the quality of our metamaterials, we studied numerically and experimentally the evolution of the gap size between the hybridized SSH states, both in frequency and time domain. We are currently working on developing the platform for the study interacting atom-photon bound states in the giant-atom regime in these structured environments. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:48PM - 5:00PM |
CCC07.00010: Cellulose-coated double-shell microparticle integrated with yeasts for consolidated bioprocesses Yachin Cohen, Gilad Alfassi, Ester Korkus-Hamal, itzhak Meir, Dmitry M Rein Efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a sustainable alternative resource for biofuels and chemicals is of great importance in view of global warming and depleting fossil fuel reserves. High-pressure homogenization of hydrophobic liquids with cellulose solution or aqueous dispersion of cellulose hydrogel particles yields emulsion of double-shelled micro-particles (dsMP) composed of a hydrophobic core with two concentric shells: an inner shell of aqueous cellulose hydrogel covered by an external coating of continuous amorphous cellulose. Enzymes introduced into the aqueous emulsion medium can be incorporated with the dsMPs: lipases penetrate the shells to the inner core-shell interface, so as to effectively catalyze trans-esterification reactions. Addition of yeasts (S. cerevisiae) to the emulsification process results in integrated hybrids in which the micro-particles are attached to the yeasts' surface. Cellulytic enzymes can be attached to the cellulose surface coatings and the integrated structures exhibited effective simultaneous cellulose saccharification and fermentation to ethanol. Lipase introduced to the aqueous medium are incorporated within the microparticles at the inner core-hydrogel interface, and function effectively in trans-esterification of long-chain molecules dissolved in the core. These results are promising steps towards "one-pot" processes for cellulose valorization by a cascade of biochemical reactions. |
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