Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2023 APS March Meeting
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session CCC02: V: Quantum Metrology and Sensing |
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Zixin Huang, Macquarie University Room: Virtual Room 2 |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
CCC02.00001: Defects in 2D TMDs for Quantum Sensing Applications Birol Ozturk, Pranish Shrestha, Mya Merritt, Rohit R Srivastava, Ramesh C Budhani The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center defect in diamond has been widely used in quantum sensing experiments. Defects in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) semiconductors are relatively less characterized. As wide bandgap semiconductors, 2D TMDs are potentially a host for defect energy states within the bandgap, as in the case of NV color center in diamond. We performed structural and optical characterization of exfoliated and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) grown 2D TMD samples. We have observed photoluminescence emission from defects in WSe2 at cryogenic temperatures. We will also present our results on optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) characterization experiments. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
CCC02.00002: Studying spin states of single nano-rods of [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) spin-crossover molecules using diamond quantum sensing microscopy Abdelghani Laraoui, Suvechhya Lamichhane, Kayleigh A McElveen, Adam D Erickson, Shuo Sun, Rupak Timalsina, Yinsheng Guo, Rebecca Y Lai, Sy-Hwang Liou Spin crossover (SCO) molecules are one of the promising candidates for molecular electronics owing to its thermal, magnetic, and optical switching phenomena. Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4)] SCO polymers show thermal switching between high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) states which are applicable in the thermal sensors or switches [1]. While the bulk magnetic properties of Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4)] molecules are widely studied by magnetometry techniques their properties at the individual level are missing [2]. Here we use nitrogen vacancy (NV) based magnetometry to image individual Fe(II) triazole SCO nano-rods of size varying from 200 to 1000 nm [3]. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy are performed to find out the size of the Fe(II) triazole nano-rods and to confirm the spin state of the SCO molecule respectively. The stray magnetic fields produced by individual nano-rods are imaged by NV microscopy as a function of temperature (up to 150 0C) and applied magnetic field (up to 3500 G) and correlated with SEM and Raman. We found that most of LS sates are paramagnetic in contrary to prediction of a diamagnetic behavior [4]. Further, we discuss temperature and size effects on Fe (II) triazole properties. [1] A. A. Blanco, et al., Wiley, Molecules. 27, 1213 (2022). [2] A. A. Blanco et al., Molecules 2022, 27(4), 1213 (2022). [3] I. Fescenko, A. Laraoui, et al., Phy. Rev. App. 11(3), 034029 (2019). [4] S. Lamichhane et al., under preparation. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
CCC02.00003: ESR spectroscopy of a single Er3+ ion in CAW04 using fluorescence signal Léo Balembois Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is the method of choice for characterizing paramagnetic impurities and their immediate nuclear environment, with applications ranging from chemistry to quantum computing. Here, we report a new method for the detection of single electron spins at millikelvin temperatures based on a microwave photon counter. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
CCC02.00004: Electrons spin detection using a superconducting flux qubit with a circuit-QED architecture Hiraku Toida, Kosuke Kakuyanagi, Leonid V Abdurakhimov, Shiro Saito A superconducting flux qubit utilizes a magnetic flux as a tuning knob to adjust its resonance frequency. This implies that a flux qubit can be a sensitive detector of a magnetic field. The technique has been applied to the detection of magnetization from electrons in solid state material and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. In our previous studies, the readout of the flux qubit is performed using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). In this case, the sensitivity is limited by 1/f type magnetic noise. To reduce the immunity to the magnetic noise, we implement the flux qubit with a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture and evaluate the sensitivity. Since the readout method in a circuit QED architecture only uses a linear resonator, the system instability from the magnetic noise can be reduced, which enables signal integration for longer time. Device parameters of the current device and measurement system show the electron spin sensitivity of 65 spins/√Hz without affected by 1/f type magnetic noise. The sensitively can be improved further by introducing Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) to the measurement system and by optimizing device parameters. Detailed analysis of the parameters of the current device shows that the sensitivity can be improved to the level of single spin detection. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 3:48PM - 4:00PM |
CCC02.00005: Three-wave mixing traveling-wave parametric amplifier with periodic variation of the circuit parameters Anita Fadavi Roudsari, Daryoush Shiri, Hampus R Renberg Nilsson, Giovanna Tancredi, Amr Osman, Ida-Maria Svensson, Marina Kudra, Marcus Rommel, Jonas Bylander, Vitaly Shumeiko, Per Delsing We report the implementation of a traveling-wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) with magnetically biased SNAIL loops that provide three-wave mixing (3WM). We use the intrinsic dispersion of the chain for phase matching but suppress the generation of the higher harmonics of the pump, the signal, and the idler by adding dispersive features. We achieve this by means of periodic loading to create a stopband at the second harmonic of the pump. With this design, we obtain a gain of up to 20 dB in a TWPA with only 440 LC units, a 3-dB bandwidth of about 1GHz with added noise of less than one photon. Moreover, the stopband allows for adjusting the frequency of the pump over the GHz range [1]. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:00PM - 4:12PM |
CCC02.00006: Temperature sensing using a hybrid quantum system consisting of nano-diamonds and a superconducting qubit kosuke kakuyanagi, Hiraku Toida, Leonid V Abdurakhimov, Shiro Saito A small temperature sensor has a small heat capacity and a small amount of heat flowing from the measured system into the thermometer. Therefore, the response of the thermometer is fast, and measurement can be performed with less influence on the measured system. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:12PM - 4:24PM |
CCC02.00007: Ultimate precision limit of noise sensing and dark matter search Haowei Shi, Quntao Zhuang The nature of dark matter is unknown and calls for a systematical search. For axion dark matter, such a search relies on finding feeble random noise arising from the weak coupling between dark matter and microwave haloscopes. We model such process as a quantum channel and derive the fundamental precision limit of noise sensing. An entanglement-assisted strategy based on two-mode squeezed vacuum is thereby demonstrated optimal, while the optimality of a single-mode squeezed vacuum is found limited to the lossless case. We propose a 'nulling' measurement (squeezing and photon counting) to achieve the optimal performances. In terms of the scan rate, single-mode squeezing underperforms the vacuum limit of photon counting even with 20-decibel squeezing; while the two-mode squeezed vacuum provides large and close-to-optimum advantage over vacuum limit. Our results highlight the necessity of entanglement assistance and microwave photon counting in dark matter search, while more exotic quantum resources are not required. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:24PM - 4:36PM |
CCC02.00008: Phase Error Model for Quantum Multiphase Estimation Yi Teng, Samantha I Davis, Volkan Gurses, Jean-Roch Vlimant, Maria Spiropulu The Quantum and Classical Cramér Rao Bound (QCRB and CCRB) set a lower bound for the total variance in quantum multiphase estimation. Although they are frequently used to show the potential of multiphase estimation to surpass the Heisenberg Limit (HL), an accurate model for total variance is needed to confirm the attainability of this advantage in practice. We derive a phase error model that evaluates the variance in multiphase estimation given a probe state and a measurement basis. We simulate the multiphase estimation using a generalized N00N state as the probe and various measurement bases, with results of numerical experiments compared to the proposed error model. A Chi-square test is performed to show that our phase error model is capable of accurately predicting the variance of phase estimation. We further exploit machine learning methods to minimize the error model and CCRB with respect to initial local phases in the generalized N00N state for a particular measurement basis. The scaling of the minimal values of the error model with the number of modes of the N00N state is analyzed and compared with that of the CCRB and QCRB. Our analysis confirms the potential of surpassing the HL using multiphase estimation methods in practice. |
Wednesday, March 22, 2023 4:36PM - 4:48PM |
CCC02.00009: Modeling Quantum Enhanced Sensing on a Quantum Computer Cindy Tran We developed two quantum circuit models to demonstrate the role of quantum mechanics and entanglement in modern precision sensors. We implemented these quantum circuits on IBM quantum processors, using a single qubit to represent independent photons traveling through the LIGO interferometer and two entangled qubits to illustrate the improved sensitivity that LIGO has achieved by using non-classical states of light. The one-qubit interferometer illustrates how projection noise in the measurement of independent photons corresponds to phase sensitivity at the standard quantum limit. In the presence of technical noise on a real quantum computer, this interferometer achieves the sensitivity of 11% above the standard quantum limit. The two-qubit interferometer demonstrates how entanglement circumvents the limits imposed by the quantum shot noise, achieving the phase sensitivity 17% below the standard quantum limit. These experiments illustrate the role that quantum mechanics plays in setting new records for precision measurements on platforms like LIGO. The experiments are broadly accessible, remotely executable activities that are well suited for introducing undergraduate students to quantum computation, error propagation, and quantum sensing on real quantum hardware. |
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