Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2023
Volume 68, Number 3
Las Vegas, Nevada (March 5-10)
Virtual (March 20-22); Time Zone: Pacific Time
Session A22: Superconductivity:Mostly_CuO_1 |
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Shay Sandik, Tel Aviv University Room: Room 214 |
Monday, March 6, 2023 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
A22.00001: Ferroelectric enhancement of superconductivity in thin films of the electron doped Cuprate Pr2-xCexCuO4-δ Shay Sandik We deposit a thin film of the non-superconducting under-doped electron-doped cuprate Pr1.89Ce0.11CuO4-δ on Strontium Titanate (STO) and on ferroelectric 1\% Calcium-substituted Strontium Titanate substrates. We see superconductivity in the films grown on ferroelectric substrates in contrast with those grown on standard substrates. The latter ones remain insulating down to the lower temperature reached. We also observe a hysteretic behavior of the resistivity versus gate voltage in the samples deposited on ferroelectric substrates, which is suppressed by a magnetic field of a few Teslas. In films deposited on non-ferroelectric STO, we observe hysteresis in the resistivity in the presence of an external out-of-plane magnetic field, which we hypothesize to be related to magnetostrictive effects. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
A22.00002: Multifaceted effects of spin fluctuations mediating pairing in the cuprate superconductors Kejun Xu, Qinda Guo, Sudi Chen, Yu He, Junfeng He, Costel R Rotundu, Young S Lee, Dung-Hai Lee, Donghui Lu, Makoto Hashimoto, Oscar Tjernberg, Zhixun Shen In unconventional cuprate superconductors, pairing is hypothesized as being mediated by spin fluctuations arising from electron-electron interactions. A long-standing issue is the apparent dual roles, enabling pairing and being paired, played by the same electrons in a single low energy band. Here we study this problem in Nd2-xCexCuO4 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and specific heat. Near optimal doping, improved experimental conditions enable unambiguous detection of Bogoliubov quasiparticles that show the strongest coherence peak and the maximum superconducting gap at the antiferromagnetic “hot spot” momenta. In contrast, the same momenta also host strong antiferromagnetic suppression of states, manifesting in a small specific heat anomaly. Our findings indicate spin fluctuations provide two intertwined ingredients, pairing potential strength and density of states within the antiferromagnetic gap, whose competition bounds superconductivity. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
A22.00003: Phonons behave like Electrons in the Thermal Hall Effect of the Cuprates Liuke Lyu, William Witczak-Krempa The thermal Hall effect, which arises when heat flows transverse to an applied thermal gradient, has become an important observable in the study of quantum materials. Recent experiments found a large thermal Hall conductivity κxy in many high-temperature cuprate superconductors, including deep inside the Mott insulator, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we uncover a surprising linear temperature dependence for the inverse thermal Hall resistivity, 1/ρH=−κ2xx/κxy, in the Mott insulating cuprates La2CuO4 and Sr2CuO2Cl2. We also find this linear scaling in the pseudogap state of Nd-LSCO in the out-of-plane direction, highlighting the importance of phonons. On the electron-doped side, the linear inverse thermal Hall signal emerges in NCCO and PCCO at various dopings, including in the strange metal. Although such dependence arises in the simple Drude model for itinerant electrons, its origin is unclear in strongly correlated Mott insulating or pseudogap states. We perform a Boltzmann analysis for phonons that incorporates skew-scattering, and we are able to identify regimes where a linear T inverse Hall resistivity appears. Finally, we suggest future experiments that would further our fundamental understanding of heat transport in the cuprates, and other quantum materials. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
A22.00004: Reciprocal Space Imaging of a BSCCO Single Crystal Jakob Gollwitzer, Dogan Tarik Karabay, Benjamin Z Gregory, Anita Verma, Kyle M Shen, Takanari Kashiwagi, Syungo Nakagawa, Shigeyuki Ishida, Hiroshi Eisaki, Jacob Ruff, Andrej Singer The introduction of large area detectors allows for the imaging of large contiguous volumes of reciprocal space of single crystals, leading to a 3D Pair Distribution Function (PDF) containing information on both the average structure and local disorder [1]. Here, we present the 3D PDF obtained from a large reciprocal space map of a single crystal of the cuprate superconductor BSCCO. The unit cell of the measured 3D PDF matches the 3D PDF determined from the unit cell structure of BSCCO found in literature [2]. The incommensurate lattice modulations (ILM) along the b-axis with a periodicity of 4.7 lattice units [3] are also recovered. In addition, using a method introduced by Weber and colleagues [4] we are able to separate the 3D PDF into a part containing the average BSCCO crystal structure originating from the Bragg peaks and ILMs and another part containing the local disorder originating from the diffuse scattering. In the diffuse scattering PDF we can quantify the local disorder in the BSCCO crystals as a function of temperature. These results demonstrate the power of the 3D PDF technique in investigating local disorder in crystalline materials. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
A22.00005: Probing the Anomalous Changes in Structural and Electronic Properties of Bi2Sr2Can–1CunO2n+4+δ to Megabar Pressures Alexander C Mark, Muhtar Ahart, Ravhi Kumar, Changyong Park, Yue Meng, Dmitry Popov, Liangzi Deng, Ching-Wu Chu, Juan Carlos Campuzano, Russell J Hemley The application of pressure is a unique tuning parameter for probing the properties of materials, including high-temperature superconductors [1]. Notable among the properties of the cuprate superconductors is the non-monotonic pressure dependance and increase in Tc for Bi2Sr2Can–1CunO2n+4+δ (n=1,2,3) compounds [2,3]. We report effects of pressures up to 140 GPa on the properties of these materials. All phases maintain a pseudo-tetragonal structure under pressure, but the pressure-volume relations are not well described by conventional equations of state. This anomalous compression has given rise to inconsistencies in previously reported high-pressure behavior of these materials. We conclude that the anomalous pressure-volume behavior of Bi2Sr2Can–1CunO2n+4+δ compounds is a manifestation of the changes in electronic properties that also give rise to the remarkable non-monotonic dependence of Tc with pressure, including the measured increase in Tc at the highest pressures studied so far for each material. Measurements to higher pressure are thus needed to fully characterize these interesting materials and to explore still higher possible critical temperatures. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
A22.00006: Doping and temperature-evolution of Fermi arcs in moderately underdoped cuprate high temperature superconductors (HTSCs)—a joint density of states perspective Utpal Chatterjee, Junjing Zhao, Francisco Restrepo Central to the microscopic theory of cuprate HTSCs is unveiling the low-energy electronic excitations in the PG phase, where the electronic density of states in the vicinity of the chemical potential is suppressed even above the superconducting (SC) critical temperature). Employing an autocorrelation analysis of angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data, we have investigated the evolution of the joint density of states (JDOS) in the pseudogap (PG) phase of slightly underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) cuprate high temperature superconductors (HTSCs) for different temperatures and carrier concentrations.We have observed that the changes in the JDOS patterns with increasing either temperature or carrier concentration can be interpreted in terms of expanding Fermi arc contours. Qualitatively, this is consistent with theoretical scenarios of the pseudogap phase being a phase incoherent d-wave superconductor, in which the Fermi arcs are described in terms of a subtle balance between temperature-dependent lifetime broadening of the single-particle excitations and the magnitude of the pairing gap. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
A22.00007: Mixed singlet and triplet two-hole states in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ unveiled by cluster modeling of the d-d excitations observed by Cu L3 Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Trinanjan Datta, Meiyu He, Wenliang Zhang, Dao-Xin Yao, Thorsten Schmitt We studied the azimuthal dependence of d-d excitations in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (BSCCO) by Cu L3-edge Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) and analyzed the experimental response with a single cluster model. In the absence of doping, a single hole occupies a square-pyramidal 3d9 Cu2+ cluster. Upon doping, additional holes generate two-hole states. Utilizing group theory classification to incorporate two-hole Coulomb interactions via a Greens function approach, we calculate the ensuing RIXS intensity of the d-d excitations as a function of polarization (σ and π) and azimuthal angle. The computed RIXS intensity, which agrees with the experimental data on doped BSCCO, has contributions both from a one- and two-hole state. Theoretical modeling of the experimental data of doped BSCCO suggests that the two-hole ground state is best described by a Hund’s triplet mixed with a Zhang-Rice singlet state in all the studied doping regions. Our results highlight the existence of the spin-triplet two-hole state for all doping levels, and Hund’s triplet can even become dominant in the optimally doped and over doped regions. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
A22.00008: Tuning high-Tc cuprate electronic structure with light and magnetic elements Yu He, Jinming Yang, Peter van Vlaanderen, Amit Datye High temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) is intrinsically highly anisotropic, and mechanical expoliation proved that most superconducting physics lies within a half unit cell. Oxygenation and deoxygenation are the overwhelmingly used methods to tune superconductivity and the associated electronic structures in this system. In recent years, coupled pairing or depairing channels, including small-q phonon [1] and antiferromagnetic fluctuations [2], became an active area to investigate the mechanism and tune Tc. We show photoemission resutls on Bi-2212 modified with light element Li and magnetic element Pr sandwiched right between CuO2 bilayers, where the bilayer splitting, the B1g buckling phonon, and the antiferromagnetic correlations are directly manipulated. We discuss the implications for the pairing mechanism, and potential multimodal investigations directly in the bosonic channel. [1] He, Hashimoto et al., Science 362, 62 (2018); [2] Dahm and Scalapino, Phys. Rev. B 97, 184504 (2018) |
Monday, March 6, 2023 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
A22.00009: Revisiting the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x crystal and electronic structure by first principle calculations Zheting Jin, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi The bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (BSCCO) is one of the most intensively studied copper-based superconductors. The bilayered crystal structure, superconductivity above liquid nitrogen temperature, and exclusion of rare-earth elements make the BSCCO family important for both scientific research and applications. However, finding an accurate theoretical description of BSCCO is nontrivial because of the complicated supercell resulting from the crystal structural modulation [1] and the non-stoichiometric oxygen content observed in most samples in experiments. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
A22.00010: Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering Evidence for Electron-Exciton Coupling in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 High-Tc Cuprates Dirk Van Der Marel, Francesco Barantani, Christophe Berthod, Fabrizio Carbone, Genda Gu, Ivan Madan, Michael Tran, Itzik Kapon, Nimrod Bachar, Enrico Giannini, Thorsten Schmitt, Teguh C Asmara, Eugenio Paris, Yi Tseng, Wenliang Zhang, Yi Hu, Thomas Devereaux We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) to monitor the temperature dependence of the dd exciton spectrum in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi-2212) high-Tc superconductors with different charge carrier concentrations. We observe a significant change of the dd exciton spectra when the materials pass from the normal state into the superconductor state, namely the exciton shifts to higher (lower) energy when the overdoped (underdoped) material enters the superconducting phase. These effects can be understood from the exchange coupling of the dd exciton to the surrounding copper spins in the different parts of the doping/temperature phase diagram and points toward strong electron-exciton coupling. The proposal of electron-exciton coupling dates back to the pioneering work by William Little in the field of organic superconductors, and of Vitaly Ginzburg and Allender, Bray and Bardeen on sandwich structures some 50 years ago. Interest was revived in the context of high-Tc cuprates by Little and Holcomb, who obtained indications for electron-exciton coupling from optical experiments. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
A22.00011: Identification of a Nematic Pair Density Wave State in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x Weijiong Chen, Wangping Ren, Niall Kennedy, Mohammad Hamidian, Shin-ichi Uchida, H Eisaki, Peter D Johnson, Shane O’Mahony, Seamus Davis Pair density waves (PDW) are an intense focus of research in the field of cuprate superconductivity. Although theory suggests that intertwining the d-wave superconducting (DSC) and PDW order parameters allows a plethora of global electron-pair orders to appear, which one actually occurs in the various cuprates is unknown. Here we use scanned Josephson tunneling microscopy (SJTM) to visualize the interplay of PDW and DSC states in near optimal-doped BSCCO. Simultaneous imaging of their amplitudes reveals that the PDW and DSC are mutually attractive states. By separately imaging the two orthogonal PDWs, we discover a robust nematic PDW state. Its spatial arrangement entails Ising domains of opposite nematicity. We further demonstrate that Zn impurity sites occur predominantly within boundaries between these domains. This implies that the nematic PDW state is pinned by Zn atoms, as was recently proposed. Taken in combination, these data indicate that the PDW in BSCCO is a vestigial nematic pair density wave state. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
A22.00012: Unconventional short-range structural fluctuations in cuprate superconductors Damjan Pelc, Richard J Spieker, Zachary W Anderson, Matthew J Krogstad, Nikolaos Biniskos, Nina G Bielinski, Biqiong Yu, Takao Sasagawa, Ludivine Chauviere, Pinder Dosanjh, Ruixing Liang, Douglas A Bonn, Andrea Damascelli, Songxue Chi, Yaohua Liu, Feng Ye, Raymond Osborn, Martin Greven Understanding the relationship between structural and electronic properties is of fundamental importance in the study of quantum materials. In particular, the connection between structural inhomogeneity and electronic properties in the cuprate superconductors has remained unclear. Our neutron and X-ray scattering experiments of La2-xSrxCuO4 and Tl2Ba2CuO6+δ reveal short-range orthorhombic fluctuations across the temperature-doping phase diagram, including for nominally tetragonal compositions [1]. The measured intensity exhibits universal exponential scaling in relative (rather than reduced) temperature, analogous to recent findings for the superconducting precursor of cuprates [2,3,4] and other oxides [5]. Our most recent neutron and X-ray scattering experiments extend these findings to higher temperatures and additional doping levels. These results point to the pivotal relevance of inherent “hidden” correlated structural inhomogeneity to the emergence of superconductivity in the cuprates. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
A22.00013: Evidence for d-wave to s-wave gap symmetry conversion in Ca and Ce doped YBCO Jamil Tahir-Kheli, Carver A Mead We have synthesized YBCO samples with Ca and Ce atoms substituted at the Y sites to form (Y1-X-YCaXCeY)Ba2Cu3O7-d for (X,Y) = (0, 0), (0.13, 0), (0.13, 0.13), (0.26, 0.13), (0.32, 0.16), (0.26, 0.26), (0.29, 0.29), and (0.32, 0.32). All samples were found to be superconducting with a Tc that decreased from the undoped (0, 0) value of ~91K down to ~70K. There is a sharp drop of Tc from (0, 0) doping to (0.13, 0.13) doping. Above (0.13, 0.13) doping, the Tc is found to saturate at ~70K for all samples. This Tc saturation is unexpected because the nonmagnetic Ca and Ce dopants are pair-breaking for a d-wave gap symmetry. To better characterize this Tc saturation with doping, we measured the temperature dependence of the penetration depth from 3K up to 26K. We find a linear in temperature T penetration depth for the undoped (0, 0) sample, compatible with a d-wave gap symmetry, that changes to a T2 penetration depth at doping (0.26, 0.13) and greater. As shown by Hirschfeld and Goldenfeld [PRB vol 48, 4219 (1993)], a T2 penetration depth can arise from nonmagnetic impurity doping in a d-wave superconductor with resonant scattering. We show that our measurements are incompatible with this scenario, suggesting that the gap symmetry of highly doped Ca/Ce YBCO is s-wave. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 10:36AM - 10:48AM |
A22.00014: Low-temperature thermal conductivity of the trilayer cuprate Hg1223 Jordan Baglo, Munkhtuguldur Altangerel, Etienne Lefrancois, Quentin Barthélemy, Anne Forget, Dorothée Colson, Cyril Proust, Louis Taillefer The sustained intensity of interest in the high-Tc cuprate superconductors owes much to the rich phenomenology displayed across their phase diagrams; this diversity of phenomena in close proximity is nowhere more apparent than in the multilayer cuprate materials, where the charge imbalance between CuO2 plane layers has been recently shown to allow the coexistence of competing orders within the same unit cell, hosted by different layers [1-3]: a striking example is the trilayer cuprate Hg1223 (HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ), for which recent quantum oscillation measurements on samples with p ≈ 8% suggest antiferromagnetic order in the inner plane, surrounded by charge order in the outer planes [3]. |
Monday, March 6, 2023 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
A22.00015: Doping dependence of antiferromagnetic correlations in the simple-tetragonal cuprate superconductor HgBa2CuO4+δ Zachary W Anderson, Samuel Bayliff, Mun K Chan, Chelsey J Dorow, Vikram Nagarajan, Yang Tang, Guichuan Yu, Douglas L Abernathy, Andy Christianson, Lucile Mangin-Thro, Paul Steffens, Yvan Sidis, Philippe Bourges, Martin Greven The origin of superconductivity in the cuprates, particularly the superconducting pairing mechanism and the role of antiferromagnetic (AF) fluctuations, remains a major unsolved problem in condensed-matter physics. Neutron scattering measurements have revealed prominent AF correlations with both universal and material-specific features. HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201) exhibits a simple-tetragonal structure and thus is free of many of the structural complications of other cuprates. Prior neutron scattering measurements of moderately underdoped Hg1201 revealed a "wineglass"-shaped normal-state AF response [1,2], in contrast to the "hourglass" response seen in other cuprates. Here I will present new results for Hg1201 at even lower doping, near the edge of the SC dome, and discuss the overall doping- and temperature-dependence of the AF response. I will also discuss the relation of this spectrum to prominent energy scales in the cuprates as measured by other probes. |
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