Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 3
Monday–Friday, March 14–18, 2022; Chicago
Session S61: Superconductivity: Thermodynamic, Transport, ElectronicRecordings Available
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: Hyowon Park, University of Illinois Chicago Room: Hyatt Regency Hotel -Field |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
S61.00001: Thermal Transport in 2D Nematic Superconductors Sourav S Choudhury, Sean Peterson, Yves U Idzerda Thermal conductivity measurements are a very useful probe of superconductivity as it can reveal the gap structure of unconventional superconductors. Here we study thermal transport in a two-dimensional system with coexisting Superconducting (SC) and Nematic orders. We treat both the superconducting and nematic orders within the mean field approximation. A d-wave Pomeranchuk instability was used to model the nematic state and the feedback of the symmetry-broken nematic state on the SC channel was modeled through the mixing of s- and d-wave components. The electronic thermal conductivity was calculated within the framework of Boltzmann kinetic theory, for both the Born and Unitary limits. We describe the influence of the Fermi surface (FS) topology, the competition/cooperation between the SC and Nematic order parameters, the effect of the nematic feedback on the SC order, on the low temperature behaviour of thermal conductivity. Numerical results obtained point to novel heat transport signatures of nematic superconductors. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants DMR1906383 and DMR1809846. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
S61.00002: The universal characteristics and possible origin of quadrature magnetoresistance Roemer Hinlopen, Stijn Hinlopen, Jake Ayres, Maarten Berben, Nigel E Hussey Recently, quadratic-to-linear magnetoresistance (MR) as a function of magnetic field has emerged as a pervasive phenomenon among strange and quantum critical metals. Examples are the antiferromagnetic quantum critical metal BaFe2(As,P)2 (1), heavy fermion (Yb,La)Rh2Si2 (2) and optimally and overdoped cuprates (Nd-)LSCO (3,4), Tl2201 and Bi2201 (5) as well as electron doped LCCO (6). Given the variety of Fermi surface topologies, dominant interactions and energy scales in these systems, the striking similarity of their magnetic-field response suggests some universal, but as yet unidentified, organizing principle. Here, we critically review the existing literature to establish the universal characteristics defining the phenomenology. We establish distinct features which escape conventional theory as well as single parameter scaling. Second, we propose a new, simple theory based on impeded cyclotron motion which captures not only the quadrature form, but also the universality with which it is observed. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
S61.00003: Mechanisms of Phase-Slip Magnetoresistance in Superconducting Quantum Wires Juhun Kwak, Emil Pellett, Alex Levchenko Superconductivity in quantum wires is prone to phase-slip fluctuation processes that result in the resistive tails below the nominal transition temperature Tc. In the immediate proximity to Tc phase-slips are predominantly thermally-activated and can be described by Langer-Ambegaokar-McCumber-Halperin (LAMH) model derived on the basis of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. In this work, we discuss mechanisms of phase-slip resistance in magnetic field ranging from the depairing effects to modification of the energy cost of LAMH instanton and quantum fluctuations that cannot be captured with the GL theory. Particular attention is devoted to phase-slips in proximitized semiconductor wires where effects of spin-orbit coupling lead to additional mechanisms of magnetoresistance. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
S61.00004: Thermodynamic Potentials of Crystalline Soliton Superconducting Condensates Emil Pellett, Juhun Kwak, Maxim Dzero, Alex Levchenko In many practical cases thermodynamic laws dictate that superconductivity must occur in the form of a spatially inhomogeneous state which brings about spatial modulation of the order parameter. Profound examples of this behavior are given by the Abrikosov vortex lattice state and the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov helical complex condensate. More generally, self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations of superconductivity are known to admit exact solutions in the form of spatial solitons. With a carefully chosen ansatz, we use an exact mapping from the BdG Hamiltonian to the integrable nonlinear Schrodinger equation and employ complimentary tools from the inverse scattering approach to construct crystalline soliton condensate solutions. We derive their spectral properties and analyze their energetic costs by computing their corresponding grand potentials. Examples from inhomogeneous quasi-1D superconductivity and systems with a spin-density-wave will be presented. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
S61.00005: Semiclassical theory of wave-packet dynamics for quasiparticles in spin-orbit coupled superconductors Michael Smith, Yi-Ting Hsu Spin-orbit coupling is a crucial ingredient for achieving topological superconductivity with or without the proximity effect. This is because the broken spin degeneracy on the Fermi surface can lead to effective spin-triplet Cooper pairs. However, recently there has been a marked interest in systems with strong spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic superconductivity, such as transition metal dichalcogenide NbSe2, which is an Ising superconductor. Here we present a semiclassical theory of wave-packet dynamics for quasiparticles in 2D superconductors with strong spin-orbit coupling. We focus on superconductors with Rashba or Ising spin-orbit coupling and study the spectroscopic and transport properties of quasiparticles. Finally, we discuss possible experimental signatures in promising platforms for topological superconductivity, such as a proximitized 3D topological insulator and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
S61.00006: Nanoscale functionalized superconducting transport channels as photon detectors Catalin D Spataru, Francois Leonard Single-photon detectors have typically consisted of macroscopic materials where both the photon absorption and transduction to an electrical signal happen. Newly proposed designs suggest that large array nanoscale detectors could provide improved performance in addition to decoupling the absorption and transduction processes. Here we study the properties of such a detector consisting of a nanoscale superconducting (SC) transport channel functionalized by a photon absorber. We explore two detection mechanisms based on photo-induced electrostatic gating and magnetic effects. We model the narrow channel as a one-dimensional atomic chain and use a self-consistent Keldysh-Nambu Green's function formalism to describe non-equilibrium effects and SC phenomena. We consider cases where the photon creates electrostatic and magnetic changes in the absorber, as well as devices with strong and weak coupling to the metal leads. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
S61.00007: heat transport of the 2D single-band Hubbard model Wen O Wang, Jixun K Ding, Brian Moritz, Yoni Schattner, Edwin Huang, Thomas P Devereaux We investigate the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the 2D Hubbard model using the numerically exact determinant quantum Monte Carlo algorithm and maximum entropy analytic continuation. At half filling, both specific heat and thermal conductivity show peaks at temperature scales related to the Hubbard interaction energy U and spin superexchange energy J. We identify two kinds of contributions to the specific heat and the thermal conductivity: one which involves the local kinetic energy and another which involves the interaction term. At low temperatures, where the charge degrees of freedom are gapped-out, the contribution to both specific heat and the thermal Drude weight associated with the kinetic energy agree well with spin-wave theory for the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model. In the metallic phase, we describe the evolution of the thermal conductivity with temperature and doping and contrast it with the electrical conductivity and the specific heat. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 9:24AM - 9:36AM Withdrawn |
S61.00008: Thermal Hall effect in undoped cuprates Sijia Zhao, Thomas P Devereaux Recent experiments on thermal Hall conductivity in undoped cuprates observed an unexpectedly large result. Several mechanisms of phonon Hall effect have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. Here by using the Kubo formula with the energy magnetization included we show that a magnetic field acting on phonons in undoped cuprates naturally gives a nonzero intrinsic thermal Hall effect. Temperature-dependent thermal Hall conductivity κH is estimated by using phonon dispersions and the Berry connections of both the phonon bands and the electrons, which will be discussed in a model of LCO. The magnetic-field dependence of κH will also be shown in the same model. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
S61.00009: Electron cooling by phonons in phase-biased superconducting proximity systems Danilo Nikolic, Wolfgang Belzig We investigate the electron-phonon cooling power in disordered electronic systems with a special focus on mesoscopic superconducting proximity structures. Employing the quasiclassical Keldysh Green's function method, we obtain a general expression for the cooling power perturbative in the electron-phonon coupling, but valid for arbitrary electronic systems out of equilibrium. This very general formalism we apply to the case of a disordered superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor proximity structure in equilibrium observing a significantly suppressed cooling power at low temperatures. This effect is related to the existence of a minigap in the quasiparticle spectrum. Furthermore, the minigap is directly controlled by the superconducting phase difference across the junction providing a high tunability of the effect. This makes such structures highly promising candidates for quantum calorimetry. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
S61.00010: Systematic electronic structure in the cuprate parent state from quantum many-body simulations Zhi-Hao Cui, Huanchen Zhai, Xing Zhang, Garnet Chan The quantitative description of correlated electron materials remains a modern computational challenge. We demonstrate a numerical strategy to simulate correlated materials at the fully ab initio level beyond the solution of effective low-energy models, and apply it to gain a detailed microscopic understanding across a family of cuprate superconducting materials in their parent undoped states. We uncover microscopic trends in the electron correlations and reveal the link between the material composition and magnetic energy scales via a many-body picture of excitation processes involving the buffer layers. Our work illustrates a path towards the quantitative and reliable understanding of more complex states of correlated materials at the ab initio many-body level. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
S61.00011: Twofold van Hove singularity and origin of charge order in topological kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 Min Gu Kang, Shiang Fang, Jeong-Kyu Kim, Brenden Ortiz, Sae-Hee Ryu, Jimin Kim, Jonggyu Yoo, Giorgio Sangiovanni, Domenico Di Sante, Byeong-Gyu Park, Christopher Jozwiak, Aaron Bostwick, Eli Rotenberg, Efthimios Kaxiras, Stephen D Wilson, Jae-Hoon Park, Riccardo Comin The layered vanadium antimonides AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) are a recently discovered family of topological kagome metals that exhibit a range of strongly correlated electronic phases including charge order and superconductivity. However, it is not yet understood how the singularities inherent to the kagome electronic structure are linked to the observed many-body phases. Here, we combine angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory to reveal multiple kagome-derived van Hove singularities (vHS) coexisting near the Fermi level of CsV3Sb5 and analyze their contribution to electronic symmetry breaking. The vHS in CsV3Sb5 are characterized by two distinct sublattice flavors – pure (p)-type and mixed (m)-type – which critically determines the pairing symmetry and ground states emerging in AV3Sb5 series. We establish that, among the multiple vHS in CsV3Sb5, the m-type vHS of the dxz/dyz kagome band and the p-type vHS of the dxy/dx2-y2 kagome band cross the Fermi level to allow electronic symmetry breaking. The former band exhibits pronounced Fermi surface nesting, while the latter contributes via higher-order vHS. Our work reveals the essential role of kagome-derived vHS for the collective phenomena realized in the AV3Sb5 family. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
S61.00012: Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism in NdNiO2 and CaCuO2: a cluster DMFT study Jonathan Karp, Alexander Hampel, Andrew J Millis We perform a comparative 2x2 real space cluster dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) study on minimal models (obtained by downfolding DFT band calculations) for NdNiO2 and CaCuO2 using a Nambu formalism that allows for both superconducting and antiferromagnetic order. We produce a phase diagram in temperature and doping. The effect of the spectator bands characteristic of the nickelate material is determined. The models have some similarities, including antiferromagnetic states and a superconducting dome that emerges upon hole doping with a small coexistence region, and some differences, including a doping shift due to spectator bands and additional quantitative differences relating to the differences in interaction strengths. A comparison to the experimental phase diagrams is presented. The implications of the predicted wide region of antiferromagnetism are discussed. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
S61.00013: Distinguishing finite momentum superconducting pairing states with two-electron photoemission spectroscopy Fahad Mahmood, Thomas P Devereaux, Peter Abbamonte, Dirk K Morr We show theoretically that double photoemission (2e-ARPES) may be used to identify the pairing state in superconductors in which the Cooper pairs have a nonzero center-of-mass momentum, qcm. We theoretically evaluate the 2e-ARPES counting rate, P(2), for the cases of a dx2−y2 wave superconductor, a pair-density-wave (PDW) phase, and a Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase. We show that P(2) provides direct insight into the center-of-mass momentum and spin state of the superconducting condensate, and thus can distinguish between these three different superconducting pairing states. In addition, P(2) can be used to map out the momentum dependence of the superconducting order parameter. Our results identify 2e-ARPES as an ideal tool for identifying and probing qcm ≠ 0 superconducting pairing states in superconductors. |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 10:36AM - 10:48AM |
S61.00014: Mott transition and electronic excitation from a Fermi-liquid-like ground state Masanori Kohno If the ground state is like a Fermi liquid, it is widely believed that the Mott transition is characterized by the divergence of the effective mass; the dispersion relation of electronic excitation around the Fermi level becomes flat toward the Mott transition. Here, even if the ground state is assumed to be a Fermi-liquid-like state (Gutzwiller wavefunction), the Mott transition is shown to be better characterized by the disappearance of spectral weight from an electron-addition mode which remains dispersing and exhibits the momentum-shifted magnetic dispersion relation in the small hole-doping limit [1]. This characteristic is illustrated in the one-dimensional, two-dimensional, ladder, and bilayer t-J models using a Monte Carlo method and the single-mode approximation [1]. In addition, this characteristic is confirmed in the one-dimensional symmetric t-J model with inverse-squared interaction, whose ground state is known to be the Gutzwiller wavefunction. The results imply that this characteristic is not so sensitive to ground-state properties and generally appears in the Mott transition [1--3]. References: [1] M. Kohno, Phys. Rev. B 102, 165141 (2020). [2] M. Kohno, Rep. Prog. Phys. 81, 042501 (2018). [3] M. Kohno, Phys. Rev. B 92, 085129 (2015). |
Thursday, March 17, 2022 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
S61.00015: Dissipative States Induced by Current Pulse in NbTi Superconducting Filaments Khalil Harrabi
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