Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 3
Monday–Friday, March 14–18, 2022; Chicago
Session M36: Superconducting Quantum Information ProcessingRecordings Available
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Andrew Lingenfelter, University of Chicago Room: McCormick Place W-194A |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
M36.00001: Circulation by Microwave-Induced Vortex Transport for Signal Isolation Brittany R Richman, Jacob M Taylor Magnetic fields break time-reversal symmetry, which is leveraged in many settings to enable the nonreciprocal behavior of light. This is the core physics of circulators and other elements used in a variety of microwave and optical settings. Commercial circulators in the microwave domain typically use ferromagnetic materials and wave interference, requiring large devices and large fields. However, quantum information devices for sensing and computation require small sizes, lower fields, and better on-chip integration. Here we show that the quantum-coherent motion of a single vortex in a small Josephson junction array suffices to induce nonreciprocal behavior, enabling a small-scale, moderate-bandwidth, and low insertion loss circulator at very low magnetic fields and at microwave frequencies relevant for experiments with qubits. Further, we show that circulator performance is resistant to charge noise and explore a design variation that may aid in device realization. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
M36.00002: Adiabatic Preparation of a Superfluid in a Bose-Hubbard Quantum Circuit Gabrielle Roberts, Brendan Saxberg, Andrei Vrajitoarea, Margaret G Panetta, Ruichao Ma, Jonathan Simon, David Schuster Strongly-correlated quantum materials can be studied synthetically using the flexible toolset of microwave photons and superconducting circuits in the circuit QED paradigm. We build a 1D Bose-Hubbard lattice for photons where capacitively coupled transmon qubits serve as lattice sites and the transmon anharmonicity mediates strong photon-photon collisions. Individual frequency control over each site enables explorations of adiabatic state preparation. We discuss our efforts to prepare a superfluid state, study the diabatic to adiabatic regime, and quantify the reversibility of the state preparation as a measure of adiabaticity. Our circuit design allows for single-site and multi-site readout, enabling us to study both state population densities and correlations. These efforts can shed light on the intricate interplay of interactions and entanglement in these many-body systems. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
M36.00003: A Josephson junction-based maser using three-wave mixing Maria M Mucci, Israa Yusuf, Xi Cao, Chenxu Liu, David Pekker, Michael J Hatridge Lasers are a ubiquitous tool throughout physics because they allow us to create highly coherent signals from incoherent drives. In this talk, we will introduce a Josephson junction-based micro-maser made by coupling a single superconducting transmon to a high-Q superconducting cavity, as well as a Superconducting Nonlinear Asymmetric Inductive eLement (SNAIL) mode. The qubit-SNAIL interaction is controlled via a parametric two-photon gain process, which inverts the qubit population to its first excited state via the SNAIL’s short lifetime and the transmon’s anharmonicity. The qubit in turn couples resonantly to a cavity which accumulates photons and mases. We will demonstrate an experimental realization of this system, including population inversion and the relationship between parametric drive strength and masing bandwidth. Additionally, we will discuss the prospects for further extending the system with engineered qubit-cavity and cavity-output couplings which have been recently proposed as a way to circumvent the standard Schawlow-Townes limit on maser/laser linewidth [Liu, et al., Nat. Comm (2021)]. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 8:36AM - 8:48AM Withdrawn |
M36.00004: 3-Qubit parametric interaction as a tool for quantum simulation Jamal H Busnaina, Ibrahim Nsanzineza, Christopher Wilson Until universal quantum computers become capable of simulating complicated quantum systems, analog quantum simulators offer the potential to take significant steps in tackling numerous problems in condensed matter physics, chemistry, and high-energy physics. An important class of simulations is lattice gauge theories (LGTs). LGT is a framework to study gauge theories in discretized space-time, often employed when perturbative techniques fail. The eponymous gauge symmetries present in these theories lead to conservation laws, generalizations of Gauss's Law in electrodynamics, that relate the configuration of "matter" sites to the configuration of gauge fields. Any simulation of a gauge theory must ultimately reproduce these conservation laws, with one strategy in analog simulation being to build them in at the hardware level. This strategy requires having many-body interactions between the elements representing the matter and gauge fields, such that their configurations can evolve simultaneously. At that same time, we must suppress standard two-body interactions that, in general, break the conservation laws. In this talk, we propose and implement a parametrically activated 3-qubit interaction in a circuit QED architecture, as a simplest building block for simulating LGTs in a superconducting photonic lattice. We will present device designs and preliminary measurements. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
M36.00005: Experimental high-dimensional Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement with superconducting transmon qutrits Alba Cervera-Lierta, Mario Krenn, Alan Aspuru-Guzik, Alexey Galda Multipartite entanglement is one of the core concepts in quantum information science with broad applications that span from condensed matter physics to quantum physics foundations tests. Although its most studied and tested forms encompass two-dimensional systems, current quantum platforms technically allow the manipulation of additional quantum levels. We report the first experimental demonstration of a high-dimensional multipartite entangled state in a superconducting quantum processor. We generate the three-qutrit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state by designing the necessary pulses to perform high-dimensional quantum operations. We obtain the fidelity of 76±1%, proving the generation of a genuine three-partite and three-dimensional entangled state. To this date, only photonic devices have been able to create and manipulate these high-dimensional states. Our work demonstrates that another platform, superconducting systems, is ready to exploit high-dimensional physics phenomena and that a programmable quantum device accessed on the cloud can be used to design and execute experiments beyond binary quantum computation. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
M36.00006: Developing Building Blocks of Superconducting Quantum Processors in a Flip-Chip Architecture Sandoko Kosen, Hang-Xi Li, Marcus Rommel, Tahereh Abad, Anuj Aggarwal, Janka Biznárová, Lert Chayanun, Liangyu Chen, Göran Johansson, Anton F Kockum, Christian Križan, Eleftherios Moschandreou, Andreas Nylander, Amr Osman, Jorge Fernández Pendás, Robert Rehammar, Anita F Roudsari, Daryoush Shiri, Giovanna Tancredi, Tom Vethaak, Christopher Warren, Per Delsing, Jonas Bylander We will present our recent results on demonstrating single-qubit and two-qubit flip-chip integrated devices with performances close to the state-of-the-art flip-chip devices. Our approach employs the two-chip stack, thereby allowing the separation of processor's components into different planes. This enables design of input/output circuitry routing schemes that are scalable to hundreds of qubits. Notably, at this level of performance, the qubit coherence has not been substantially affected by the presence of another chip in proximity. We will end the talk by showing our progress towards implementing multi-qubit processors beyond two-qubit devices. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 9:12AM - 9:24AM |
M36.00007: Readout of Superconducting Qubits Based on a Power Sensor Mikko Mottonen, Roope Kokkoniemi, Jean-Philippe Girard, Andras M Gunyho, Antti Laitinen, Joonas Govenius, Russell E Lake, Visa Vesterinen, Matti Partanen, Kuan Y Tan, Kok Wai Chan, Jun Y Tan, Pertti J Hakonen, Giacomo Catto, Aashish Sah Several important applications are currently emerging from circuit quantum electrodynamics such as a quantum computer that is superior to classical supercomputers for certain tasks. Thermal sensors hold potential for enhancing such devices because they do not add quantum noise and they are smaller, simpler and consume up to six orders of magnitude less power than the frequently used travelling-wave parametric amplifiers. However, despite great progress in the speed and noise levels of thermal sensors, no bolometer has previously met the threshold for circuit quantum electrodynamics, which lies at a time constant of a few hundred nanoseconds and a simultaneous energy resolution of the order of h x 10 GHz (where h is the Planck constant). Here we experimentally demonstrate a bolometer that operates at this threshold, with a noise-equivalent power of 30 zW/Hz0.5, comparable to the lowest value reported so far, at a thermal time constant two orders of magnitude shorter, at 500 ns. Both of these values are measured directly on the same device, giving an accurate estimation of h x 10 GHz for the calorimetric energy resolution. The minimum observed time constant of 200 ns is well below the dephasing times of roughly 100 microseconds reported for superconducting qubits and matches the timescales of currently used readout schemes. Finally, we report on our latest efforts on the experimental implementation of qubit readout using a bolometer, i.e., a power sensor, which yields a fundamentally different way to measure the quantum properties of microwaves in comparison to voltage amplification. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 9:24AM - 9:36AM |
M36.00008: Non-linear Amplifiers for Quantum State Readout Leon Y Bello, Ryan Kaufman, Saeed A Khan, Michael J Hatridge, Hakan E Tureci Dispersive readout has been established as an efficient non-demolition qubit measurement scheme in circuit QED. However, high-fidelity readout requires optimized quantum hardware, including high-gain, large dynamic range quantum-limited amplifiers, with optimal operating conditions that become increasingly complicated as the number of states and qubits increases. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 9:36AM - 9:48AM |
M36.00009: Triple exceptional points in a tunable superconducting circuit Wallace Santos Teixeira, Vasilii Vadimov, Suman Kundu, Timm Mörstedt, Mikko Möttönen Exceptional points (EPs) correspond to singularities in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians typically describing effective open quantum dynamics. Besides the mathematical interest that is inherent to EPs, their relevance for practical tasks such as energy transfer and quantum sensing has been recently acknowledged in superconducting circuits that behave as effective two-level systems. However, the production of higher order EPs in such technologies is still prone to difficulties owing to the increase of parameter space and necessity of precise control, which opens room for new circuit designs. In this context, we study the occurrence of EPs in a superconducting circuit consisting of three coupled resonators with tunable dissipation rates and resonance frequencies. We present the dynamics of this system and show the general conditions to obtain a triple exceptional point. Our results may provide a better understanding of energy transfer and guide near-term experiments with engineered environments. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
M36.00010: Low-noise coherent microwave source based on a Shapiro step Florian Blanchet, Chengyu Yan, Juha Hassel, Visa Vesterinen, Mikko Möttönen Coherent microwave sources are one of the primary tools to investigate quantum devices and circuits, integration of sources at cryogenic temperatures is very tempting but really challenging due to the coherence requirements and power dissipated by such systems. While Shapiro steps in Josephson junctions have been used to produce ultra-stable voltage references; it can also be used to realize a coherent tone by current driving such a junction in the Shapiro regime. Thanks to a tailored environment made of a spiral inductor, we experimentally build a phase locked loop between a capacitively shunted Josephson junction and this environment, providing a low-noise coherent microwave source. We demonstrate a coherent tone of 28 pW with a phase noise of -116 dBc/Hz. Our device may lead to new tools for scaling cryogenic control systems. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
M36.00011: Single-junction quantum-circuit refrigerator Vasilii Vadimov, Arto Viitanen, Timm Mörstedt, Tapio Ala-Nissilä, Mikko Möttönen Superconducting quantum circuits constitute one of the most promising platforms for building a scalable quantum computer. One of the acute problem is a fast qubit initialization to the ground state, which in theory can be solved using a quantum-circuit refrigerator (QCR). This device consists of two normal-metal–insulator–superconductor (NIS) junctions controlled by a bias voltage which allows to tune the effective temperature and the dissipation rate of the rest of the circuit. Here, we propose a simpler design of a QCR consisting of a single biased NIS junction galvanically coupled to a cooled system. Using a semiclassical approach we analytically obtain the Lamb shift and the decay rate of a low-impedance resonator caused by the coupling to the QCR. For high-impedance resonators we numerically calculate a response function and show the distinctive features of multiphoton processes which become pronounced in this limit. Such a simple device has surprisingly rich physics and may open a possibility for study of complicated interaction of microwave photons. |
Wednesday, March 16, 2022 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
M36.00012: Quantum transistor with superconducting artificial atoms Chang-Kang Hu, Jiahao Yuan, Song Liu, Fei Yan, Dian Tan, Alan Santos, Romain Bachelard, Celso Villas Boas, Dapeng Yu Controlling quantum information flow inside a quantum processor can be a desirable task in a scenario where the gate fidelity depends on the qubit in which the operation is implemented. This leads to the necessity of developing a quantum device that controls how the information is switched between different parts of such processors. In this paper, we introduce the smallest quantum transistor for superconducting quantum processors, constituted of collector and emissor qubits, and the transistor gate controlled by the state of a single qubit. First, we show how the effective interaction between the collector and emissor depends on the gate state, which is used as a quantum-state switch, and how the multilevel characteristic of artificial atoms affects the effective collector-emissor coupling strength. Then high fidelity control of quantum information flow is verified. The quantum device presented meets a potential application in quantum information control in superconducting circuits. |
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