Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2022
Volume 67, Number 3
Monday–Friday, March 14–18, 2022; Chicago
Session A37: Hybrid Quantum Systems: Spins and DefectsFocus Recordings Available
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Sam Whiteley, HRL Room: McCormick Place W-194B |
Monday, March 14, 2022 8:00AM - 8:12AM |
A37.00001: Enhancing coherent coupling between single magnon and quantum spin defects via parametric driving Aravindh Shankar, Avinash Rustagi, Pramey Upadhyaya Realizing strong coherent interactions between quantum spin defects (QSD) and the collective spin excitations in magnets at the single magnon level is challenging. Motivated by the developments in electrical control of magnetism in spintronic devices, we explore the use of voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) as a technique for overcoming this challenge in nanomagnet-QSD hybrids. In particular, we discuss controlled electrical generation of squeezed magnons via detuned parametric driving and demonstrate theoretically increase in coupling strength between these magnons and QSDs. We also study reservoir engineering techniques suitable for magnonic systems to enable the attainment of improved cooperativity values. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 8:12AM - 8:24AM |
A37.00002: Acoustically Driven Magnetism for Controlling NV-Centers Austin J Schleusner, Joe M Kitzman, Jacob D Henshaw, Pauli Kehayias, Justin R Lane, Heejun Byeon, Niyaz Beysengulov, Reza Loloee, Sarah Roberts, Gabriel Ceriotti rona, Marcos Dantus, Elias J Garratt, Timothy A Grotjohn, Shannon S Nicley, Andrew M Mounce, Johannes Pollanen
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Monday, March 14, 2022 8:24AM - 8:36AM |
A37.00003: Rapid enhanced nuclear spin injection via high-power optical pumping Adrisha Sarkar, Brian Blankenship, Emanuel Druga, Arjun Pillai, Ruhee G Nirodi, Alex Oddo, Siddharth Singh, Paul Reshetikhin, Ashok Ajoy Rapid injection of spin polarization into a nuclear bath is a problem of broad interest, with applications spanning quantum information science to dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). We report on a strategy to boost the spin injection rate by exploiting electrons that can be rapidly polarized via high-power optical pumping. We demonstrate this in a model system of nitrogen vacancy (NV) center electrons injecting polarization into a bath of 13C nuclei in diamond. We innovate an apparatus to deliver large >24W of continuous, isotropic optical power to the sample with a minimal temperature increase, significantly higher than in previous experiments. For spin-ratchet based polarization transfer, we experimentally demonstrate significant boosts in nuclear spin injection rates, increased by close to two order of magnitudes beyond the limit for thermally polarized electrons. Our experiments quantify the the speed limits of polarization transfer in a bulk solid, and identify physical bottlenecks due to electron polarization, electron-nuclear polarization transfer, and spin diffusion. This work suggests intriguing new possibilities for the rapid creation far-from-equilibrium states in hybrid quantum systems. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 8:36AM - 8:48AM |
A37.00004: Achieving high cooperativity between a semiconductor defect center and a superconducting resonator Eric I Rosenthal, Gitanjali Multani, Christopher P Anderson, Wentao Jiang, Sattwik Deb Mishra, Felix M Mayor, Sultan Malik, Amir Safavi-Naeini, Jelena Vuckovic Defect centers in semiconductors, such as the NV- center in diamond, are promising candidates for network-based quantum technologies. In addition to optical transitions, these emitters also possess spin degrees of freedom which can serve as long lived quantum memories. However, this spin degree of freedom is often difficult to utilize due to its weak interaction with the electromagnetic field. To overcome this problem, here we propose to strongly couple a single defect’s spin degree of freedom to a microwave resonator. Borrowing techniques from the field of superconducting microwave circuits, this resonator is engineered to keep loss low, while at the same time enhancing the magnetic field at the defect location to increase coupling. Successful implementation of this proposal will enable coherent protocols in quantum information and transduction. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 8:48AM - 9:00AM |
A37.00005: Strong coupling of a Gd3+ multilevel spin system to an on-chip superconducting resonator Giovanni Franco-Rivera, Josiah Cochran, Seiji Miyashita, Sylvain Bertaina, Irinel Chiorescu Rare-earth elements diluted in non-magnetic crystals constitute a promising spin memory due to their long coherence times and limited Hilbert space that can be probed by engineered quantum control sequences [1]. Such spin memories are embedded into hybrid quantum architectures as superconducting qubits, with fast logic-gate operations and high fidelity [2], via transmission lines or a superconducting resonator to harness the strength of each platform [3]. We report the coupling of a coplanar stripline superconducting resonator with the electronic multiplet 8S7/2 of Gd3+ diluted in a CaWO4 single crystal in the weak and strong coupling limit. In the weak coupling limit, continuous-wave spectroscopy of the cavity resonance perturbation allows us to detect the forbidden electro-nuclear transition of the 155,157Gd isotopes by applying a static field close to ⊥ to crystal c-axis [4]. By increasing the coupling of the spin ensemble to the resonator we observe spin-cavity dressed states with a large mode splitting of ~150 MHz. Numerical simulations based on Dicke model shows a strong hybridization of the first excited level in the presence of a photon and the second excited level with no photon as well as a strong perturbation of the spin ground state generated by photons. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 9:00AM - 9:12AM |
A37.00006: Coherent spin dynamics of rare-earth doped crystals in the high-cooperativity regime Joseph Alexander, Gavin Dold, Oscar W Kennedy, James O'Sullivan, Mantas Šimėnas, Christoph Zollitsch, Sacha Welinski, Eloïse Lafitte-Houssat, Alban Ferrier, Philippe Goldner, John J. L. Morton We present a study into the decoherence mechanisms of rare-earth ions doped in yttrium orthosilicate (YSO). Rare-earth ions present a viable route towards quantum transduction and quantum memory devices, in this study we explore the suitability of 171Yb in the microwave domain by coupling the spins to a superconducting resonator. We outline the main sources of decoherence present in the systems and provide techniques to overcome these and extend T2 times. We explore both natural doped Yb and isotopically pure 171Yb and identify Yb isotopes with 0 nuclear spin as a major source of spectral diffusion. By utilising regions of low df/dB at high field and the zero-field clock transition we are able to extend coherence times to over 7 ms while maintaining a cooperativity of over 8 to a superconducting resonator. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
A37.00007: Rare earth ions in crystals for quantum memories and transducers Invited Speaker: Andrei Faraon Optical quantum networks for distributing entanglement between quantum machines will enable distributed quantum computing, secure communications and new sensing methods. These networks will contain quantum transducers for connecting computing qubits to travelling optical photon qubits, and quantum repeater links for distributing entanglement at long distances. In this talk I discuss implementations of quantum hardware for repeaters and transducers using rare-earth ions, like ytterbium and erbium, exhibiting highly coherent optical and spin transitions in a solid-state environment. We show that single ytterbium ions in nano-photonic resonators are well suited for optically addressable quantum bits with long spin coherence, single shot readout, good optical stability, and local access to nuclear spin wave quantum memory registers. These single qubits will form the backbone of future quantum repeater networks and will be augmented by optical storage and linear processing capabilities, also implemented using rare-earth ions. Towards this end we demonstrated optical quantum storage using erbium ensembles coupled to silicon photonics, where the frequency and release time of the stored photon can be controlled using on-chip electronics. Finally, to connect the optical network to superconducting quantum computers, we develop optical to microwave quantum transducers based on rare-earth ensembles simultaneously coupled to on-chip optical and microwave superconducting resonators. I conclude by addressing the remaining challenges for interconnecting these components into future quantum networks. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 9:48AM - 10:00AM |
A37.00008: Thirty millisecond electron-spin coherence in an erbium doped crystal Milos Rancic, Marianne Le Dantec, Emmanuel Flurin, Zhiren Wang, Denis Vion, Patrice Bertet, Philippe Goldner, Sylvain Bertaina, Thierry Chaneliere, Daniel Esteve, Sen Lin, Ren-Bao Liu Rare-earth-ion doped solids are interesting physical systems because they have long lived states and record coherence times for both the optical and nuclear transitions [1]. Rare-earths with an odd number of electrons are also paramagnetic, with an electron-spin transition at GHz frequencies in magnetic fields less than 1 Tesla. Recently erbium doped calcium-tungstate (Er:CaWO4) has demonstrated 23ms electron-spin coherence at 10mK [2]. Measured using a superconducting micro-resonator and parametric amplifier [3], this is the longest electron-spin coherence observed on a magnetically-sensitive transition in a crystal with a natural abundance of nuclear spins. Here we demonstrate that the coherence can be extended up to 30ms by choosing a magnetic field orientation that minimizes the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between the Er ions and W nuclei. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 10:00AM - 10:12AM |
A37.00009: Spin fluorescence detection by a microwave photon counter : a sensitive new method for EPR spectroscopy Patrice Bertet, Emanuele Albertinale, Emmanuel Flurin, Eric Billaud, Leo Balembois The technique of choice for characterizing unpaired electron spins in a sample is Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. In EPR, a dc magnetic field tunes the spins to resonance with a microwave cavity in which the sample is inserted. The spins are probed with sequences of microwave pulses; they respond by emitting microwave signals through the detection cavity into the measurement line that are then detected. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 10:12AM - 10:24AM |
A37.00010: Towards an ensemble bismuth dopant-based quantum memory with tunable superconducting microresonators Yutian Wen, Emmanuel Flurin, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, Patrice Bertet Despite recent improvement, the limited coherence time remains a major impediment to implementation for modern superconductor quantum processors. Yet often in large-scale quantum algorithms, most logic qubits spend most of their lifetimes waiting in idle, while incurring dear expenses for error correction. Such incongruity invites exploration of possibilities for a heterogeneous architecture where a dedicated memory unit serves exclusively to store the idle quantum information. Rid of the requirement for a universal gate set, we may extend the scope of candidate host qubits to the lower end of the versatility spectrum. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 10:24AM - 10:36AM |
A37.00011: Strong coupling and active cooling in a hybrid atom-cavity system at finite temperature Lindsey F Keary, Jonthan D Pritchard Hybrid quantum computation exploits the unique strengths of disparate quantum technologies, enabling realization of a scalable quantum device capable of both fast gates and long coherence times. Neutral atoms provide an attractive candidate for interfacing with superconducting microwaves resonators due to the long lifetimes of Rydberg states at low temperatures and strong coupling of the large electric dipole moment to the cavity field. This provides a route to achieving efficient optical to microwave conversion and enabling long-lived neutral atom quantum memories, as well as enabling future integration with fast superconducting microwave qubits. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 10:36AM - 10:48AM |
A37.00012: High cooperativity coupling of nuclear spins in a Yb(trensal) molecular qudit to on-chip superconducting resonators Victor Rollano, Marcos Rubin-Osanz, Marina C de Ory, Daniel Granados, Alessandro Chiesa, David Zueco, Alicia Gomez, Stergios Piligkos, Stefano Carretta, Fernando Luis In this work we study the coupling of Yb3+ nuclear spin states in a Yb(trensal) molecule to superconducting cavities. Experiments have been performed on magnetically diluted single crystals placed onto the inductor of lumped-element LC superconducting resonators with characteristic frequencies spanning the range of nuclear and electronic spin transitions. An external magnetic field is used to tune the spin transitions on resonance with the resonators. Results show strong coupling of cavity photons to electronic spin states and a high-cooperativity coupling in the case of nuclear spins. The nuclear spin-photon coupling is enhanced by the hyperfine interaction with the electronic spin. Attaining the coherent coupling regime is a requisite to perform non-demolition read-out of the electronic and nuclear spin states. This technology enables the implementation of quantum error correction in crystals of molecular spin qudits. |
Monday, March 14, 2022 10:48AM - 11:00AM |
A37.00013: Remote entanglement of superconducting systems using solid-state spin quantum memory Hodaka Kurokawa, Moyuki Yamamoto, Yuhei Sekiguchi, Hideo Kosaka Quantum communication between remote superconducting systems is intensively studied to increase the number of integrated superconducting qubits and realize a distributed quantum computer. Since optical photon must be used for communication outside a dilution refrigerator, direct conversion of microwave photon to optical photon have been widely investigated. However, the direct conversion approach suffers from added photon noise, heating due to the strong optical pump, requirement of large cooperativity. Instead, teleportation-based transduction schemes are receiving increased attention [1,2,3]. For the quantum communication between superconducting qubits, we consider a theoretical (experimental) limit of an entanglement distribution scheme using solid-state spin quantum memory (e.g. color center in diamond), which can be used as an interface for both microwave and optical photon. The quantum memory enables heralded entanglement generation without significant optical pump power and added photon noise. |
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