Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2021
Volume 66, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 15–19, 2021; Virtual; Time Zone: Central Daylight Time, USA
Session C10: 2021 Rolf Landauer and Charles H. Bennett Award in Quantum ComputingFocus Live Prize/Award
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Sponsoring Units: DQI Chair: Doga Kurkcuoglu, Fermilab |
Monday, March 15, 2021 3:00PM - 3:12PM Live |
C10.00001: Loss-tolerant and error-corrected Bell measurement on logical qubits encoded with tree graph states. Paul Hilaire, Edwin Barnes, Sophia Economou, Fréderic Grosshans Using linear optics, a two-photon Bell state measurement (BSM) only succeeds with a probability of at best 50%. This limits the performances of many quantum repeater (QR) protocols that use BSM for entanglement swapping. QRs also require loss-tolerance to transfer information at a higher rate than direct fiber transmission and error-correction. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 3:12PM - 3:24PM Live |
C10.00002: Deterministic generation of photonic tree and repeater graph states with a single quantum emitter Yuan Zhan, Shuo Sun Photon loss is the dominant error in optical quantum computing and quantum networking. An efficient way to deal with loss fault-tolerantly is to employ a photonic cluster state with a tree-type entanglement structure to encode a single logic qubit. However, due to the lack of means to induce photon-photon interactions, the generation of a tree cluster state with an arbitrary size is notoriously difficult. Here, we propose a protocol to deterministically generate photonic tree states of arbitrary size by using only a single quantum emitter [1]. Photonic entanglement is established through both emission and re-scattering from the same emitter, enabling fast and resource-efficient entanglement generation. The same protocol can also be extended to generate more general tree-type entangled states, such as repeater graph states. Our results pave the way towards the realization of loss-tolerant one-way optical quantum computers and all-optical quantum repeaters. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 3:24PM - 3:36PM Live |
C10.00003: Realization of a multi-node quantum network using diamond spin qubits: Part I – Enabling technologies Sophie Hermans, Matteo Pompili, Simon Baier, Hans K C Beukers, Ronald Hanson A future quantum internet can unlock fundamentally new technologies by sharing entangled states across the nodes of the network. In the past decade, many buildings blocks of such a network have been demonstrated. In particular, the heralded distribution of entanglement between two physically separated nodes has been achieved on various platforms. Here we report on the experimental realization of a multi-node quantum network. Our network consists of three quantum nodes with Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) electron spins as communication qubits. Additionally, the middle node makes use of a nuclear spin qubit that serves as a quantum memory. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 3:36PM - 3:48PM Live |
C10.00004: Realization of a multi-node quantum network using diamond spin qubits: Part II – Experimental results Matteo Pompili, Sophie Hermans, Simon Baier, Hans K C Beukers, Ronald Hanson A future quantum internet can unlock fundamentally new technologies by sharing entangled states across the nodes of the network. In the past decade, many buildings blocks of such a network have been demonstrated. In particular, the heralded distribution of entanglement between two physically separated nodes has been achieved on various platforms. Here we report on the experimental realization of a multi-node quantum network. Our network consists of three quantum nodes with Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) electron spins as communication qubits. Additionally, the middle node makes use of a nuclear spin qubit that serves as a quantum memory. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 3:48PM - 4:00PM Live |
C10.00005: Towards quantum interference between NV centers and Rare-earth ion solid-state memories Marie-Christine Roehsner, Gustavo C Amaral, Elsie Loukiantchenko, Matthew Weaver, Mariya Sholkina, Arian Stolk, Ronald Hanson, Wolfgang Tittel Large-scale quantum networks, allowing the transmission of quantum information over large distances, are of great interest for both fundamental research as well as practical applications. Their realization, however, still poses a range of challenges, including the demonstration of interfaces between disparate quantum systems, such as network processing nodes and long-distance quantum repeaters. Here we present our work towards interfering photons emitted from a Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) center, which is well suited to act as a local processing network node, with light emitted from a Tm-based rare-earth quantum memory, which may enable long-range quantum repeaters. As a first step, we convert photons from 795nm to 637nm, the emission wavelengths of Tm and NV centers, respectively, to show that this conserves their quantum nature. By interfacing these two key network components we aim to demonstrate an important step towards the realization of long range quantum networks. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 4:00PM - 4:12PM Live |
C10.00006: Analytical model for real-world experiments in quantum teleportation Maria Spiropulu, Nikolai Lauk, Sergio Escobar
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Monday, March 15, 2021 4:12PM - 4:24PM Live |
C10.00007: Practical Semi-Device-Independent Quantum random number generators Marco Avesani, Hamid Tebyanian, Davide G Marangon, Paolo Villoresi, Giuseppe Vallone Quantum random number generators (QRNG) offer a significant advantage over classical generators. However, they often need to trust their internal devices, making them vulnerable in case of imperfections or malicious actions. Recently, Semi-Device-Independent (Semi-DI) protocols have been investigated because of their increased security with minimal impact on the performances. Here, we describe a series of works where different Semi-DI protocols are proposed and experimentally realized using photonic systems. These protocols exploit both discrete and continuous degrees of freedom of light to generate private randomness. In particular, we describe Source-DI protocols where the quantum source is untrusted [1,2], showing experimentally generation rates up to 17 Gbps. Then we describe Semi-DI protocols, where both the measurement and the source are untrusted, but an energy bound is assumed [3,4]. For these protocols, we experimentally demonstrated up to 113 Mbps of secure generation. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 4:24PM - 4:36PM Live |
C10.00008: Resonant Excitation and Purcell Enhancement of Coherent Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a Micro-Cavity Matthew Weaver, Maximilian Ruf, Suzanne Van Dam, Yanik Herrmann, Ronald Hanson Quantum networks are promising both for applications like secure communication and for basic science tests of quantum mechanics at a large scale. The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an excellent node candidate, because of its long spin coherence and accessible local qubit registers, but it has limited collectible coherent photon emission. Integration into a cavity can boost collection via the Purcell effect, but poor optical coherence of near-surface NV centers has so far prevented their resonant optical control, as would be required for entanglement generation. Here, we overcome this challenge, and demonstrate resonant addressing of individual, fiber-cavity-coupled NV centers, and collection of their Purcell-enhanced coherent photon emission. Utilizing off-resonant and resonant addressing protocols, we extract an enhancement of the zero-phonon line emission by a factor of up to 4, consistent with a detailed theoretical model. Based on our results and model, we project that with some realistic improvements NV centers in cavities can speed up entanglement generation in present day networks by at least a factor of 100, bringing large scale quantum networks with NV centers much closer. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 4:36PM - 4:48PM Live |
C10.00009: Towards inter-city entanglement generation using solid state spins in diamond. Arian Stolk, Kian van der Enden, Jaco Morits, Ronald Hagen, Ad Verlaan, Sidney Cadot, Joris Rantwijk, Marie-Christine Roehsner, Matthew Weaver, Erwin van Zwet, Ronald Hanson
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Monday, March 15, 2021 4:48PM - 5:24PM Live |
C10.00010: Rolf Landauer and Charles H. Bennett Award in Quantum Computing (2021): Toward Quantum Computational Advantage using Photons Invited Speaker: Chao-Yang Lu Gaussian boson sampling exploits squeezed states to provide a highly efficient way to demonstrate quantum computational advantage. We perform experiments with 50 input single-mode squeezed states with high indistinguishability and squeezing parameters, which are fed into a 100-mode ultralow-loss interferometer with full connectivity and random transformation, and sampled using 100 high-efficiency single-photon detectors. The whole optical set-up is phase-locked to maintain a high coherence between the superposition of all photon number states. We observe up to 76 output photon-clicks, which yield an output state space dimension of ~10^30 and a sampling rate that is ~10^14 faster than using the state-of-the-art simulation strategy and supercomputers. The obtained samples are validated against various hypotheses including using thermal states, distinguishable photons, and uniform distribution. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 5:24PM - 5:36PM Live |
C10.00011: Demonstration of Entanglement-Assisted Communication Surpassing the Ultimate Classical Channel Capacity Zheshen Zhang, Shuhong Hao, Haowei Shi, Wei Li, Quntao Zhuang The seminal work by Bennett, Shor, Smolin, and Thapliyal showed that pre-shared entanglement between communication parties can be harnessed to increase the rate of reliable classical communication over noisy and lossy channels, known as entanglement-assisted communication (EACOMM). Despite the advances of quantum technology in the last a few decades, EACOMM surpassing the ultimate classical channel capacity has never been experimentally demonstrated. We report the construction of an efficient entangled-photon source and a nontraditional quantum phase-conjugate receiver to realize EACOMM over a lossy and noisy bosonic channel. We show that EACOMM beats the classical capacity of the channel, quantified by the Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland formula, by up to 14.6% even though the initial entanglement is completely destroyed by loss and noise. As a practical performance benchmark, a classical communication protocol without entanglement assistance is implemented over the same bosonic channel, showing that EACOMM reduces the bit-error rate by up to 34%. Our experiment would open a promising avenue for entanglement-enhanced performance in deep-space communications, remote sensing, and absorption spectroscopy. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 5:36PM - 5:48PM On Demand |
C10.00012: Manipulation and reconstruction of structured light Alessia Suprano, Taira Giordani, Emanuele Polino, Sabrina Emiliani, Francesca Acanfora, Luca Innocenti, Helena Majury, Alessandro Ferraro, Mauro Paternostro, Lorenzo Marrucci, Nicolò Spagnolo, Fabio Sciarrino In quantum information, the capability to control and manipulate high dimensional quantum states is of crucial interest. We experimentally demonstrate an engineering protocol based on the Quantum Walk dynamic encoding the walker state in the orbital angular momentum (OAM) degree of freedom and the coin state in the polarization. In each step, the coin state is controlled by a set of wave plates and the walker state by a device (q-plate) that can conditionally change the OAM according to the polarization [1]. Moreover, we characterized structured beams characterized by a not uniform distribution of the polarization on the transverse plane (Vector Vortex Beam), by using machine learning techniques. In particular, we obtained optimal results using both Convolutional Neural Network and Support Vector Machine supported by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Furthermore, relevant input states are reconstructed through the PCA technique [2]. |
Monday, March 15, 2021 5:48PM - 6:00PM On Demand |
C10.00013: A Quantum Router Architecture for High-Fidelity Entanglement Flows in Quantum Networks Yuan Lee, Eric A Bersin, Axel Dahlberg, Stephanie Wehner, Dirk R. Englund The past decade has seen tremendous progress in experimentally realizing the building blocks of quantum repeaters. Repeater architectures with multiplexed quantum memories have been proposed to increase entanglement distribution rates, but an open challenge is to maintain entanglement fidelity over long-distance links. Here, we address this with a quantum router architecture comprising many quantum memories connected in a photonic switchboard to broker entanglement flows across quantum networks. We compute the rate and fidelity of entanglement distribution under this architecture using an event-based simulator, finding that the router improves the entanglement fidelity as multiplexing depth increases without a significant drop in the entanglement distribution rate. Specifically, the router permits channel-loss-invariant fidelity, i.e. the same fidelity achievable with lossless links. Furthermore, this scheme automatically prioritizes entanglement flows across the full network without requiring global network information. The proposed architecture uses present-day photonic technology, opening a path to near-term deployable multi-node quantum networks. |
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