Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2020; Denver, Colorado
Session W68: The Organic Electrochemical TransistorInvited
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Sponsoring Units: DPOLY Chair: Dean DeLongchamp, National Institute of Standards and Technology Room: Four Seasons 4 |
Friday, March 6, 2020 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
W68.00001: Designing polymeric mixed ionic/electronic conductors for organic electrochemical transistors Invited Speaker: Jonathan Rivnay Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have gained considerable interest for applications in bioelectronics, power electronics, circuits and neuromorphic computing. Their defining characteristic is the bulk-modulation of channel conductance owing to the facile penetration of ions into the (semi)conducting polymeric channel. For this reason, their device scaling relies on film thickness, and often relaxes the stringent demands of clean and controlled interfaces required in traditional FETs. Despite recent progress and a rapidly expanding library of new materials, the understanding of stability and transport/coupling of ionic and electronic carriers remain largely unexplored. We highlight recent synthetic and processing approaches used to tailor device properties and stability, as well as new opportunities enabled by such advances. Our understanding of critical processes in electrochemical devices further requires us to study these materials in device-relevant conditions, considering the effects of ions and solvent on microstructure and transport. To this end, we report on recent efforts using ex situ as well as operando scattering and spectroscopy to build a more device-relevant picture of structure-transport relations. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
W68.00002: Visualizing charge transfer across length scales in printable, conductive polymer electrodes Invited Speaker: Erin Ratcliff Organic electrochemical transistors leverage the unique hybrid electrical/ionic conduction mechanism of conductive polymers when interfaced with mobile electrolyte species. Understanding the underlying structure-function properties of charge transport and transfer is critical to new technological development. Specifically, semicrystalline conductive polymers exhibit a heterogeneous spatial landscape of sub-populations of different electronic and physical properties at nanometer length scales. Each of these sub-populations is expected to have different potential-dependent electrical and ionic charge transport properties, but these behaviors are difficult to resolve at nanometer length scales. This talk will cover a tool suite of spectroelectrochemical methodologies that enables resolution of sub-population behaviors in conductive polymer electrodes, including measurement of potential-dependent ion diffusion coefficients. New nanoscale characterization approaches to measure localized charge transfer rates and structures will also be discussed. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
W68.00003: Monitoring plant physiology with organic electrochemical transistors Invited Speaker: Eleni Stavrinidou Plants are the basis of food, providers of oxygens and regulators of the ecosystem. Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy with the process of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is converted to sugar molecules. Sugars are not only the energy source in plants but also important signalling molecules, involved in regulation of physiology including stress responses. Currently there are no methods that allow real time monitoring of sugar transport in plants. Sugar detection is based on enzymatic assays, chromatography and/or mass spectrometry; all of these methods require sample collection and preparation. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are ideal tools for interfacing with organisms, since they can translate complex biological input to an electronic readout signal. OECT sensors can operate in complex media and they can directly detect products from the biological unit. In my group we are developing sugars sensors based on the organic electrochemical transistor for monitoring plant processes in-vitro and in-vivo. In a first example we measure the export of glucose in real time, from isolated chloroplasts, with a temporal resolution of 1min. The OECT based platform is able to distinguish the metabolic phase of the chloroplast prior isolation from the plant. In another example we are developing implantable OECT-based sugar sensors for in-vivo, real time monitoring of sugar transport in trees. The OECTs sensors show high device to device reproducibility, stability during the operation in the in-vivo environment and most importantly they do not cause a significant wound response from the plant. The sensors reveal kinetics of sugars transport that were not observed before. Our work benchmarks the OECT-based sensors as powerful tools for monitoring processes in plants, in real time both, in in-vivo and in-vitro systems. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
W68.00004: Electrolyte-Gated Transistors for Fundamental Physics and For Applications Invited Speaker: C. Daniel Frisbie Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) constitute a general class of devices in which an electrolyte is employed as the gate insulator; the very large capacitance of the electrolyte results in low voltage operation, high gate-induced carrier densities, and consequently high transconductance. These devices are divided into two broad categories, either the electric double layer transistor (EDLT) or the electrochemical transistor (ECT), depending on the mechanism of operation. This talk will begin with a general description of EGTs using a solid state electrolyte or ion gel, including typical fabrication methods, principles of operation (i.e., electrochemical vs double-layer charging), and quasi-static and dynamic performance. Applications of EGTs in printed electronics and biosensing will be briefly described, and then the discussion will move to use of EGTs to explore transport physics in novel materials at high carrier density. Specific examples include double layer gating of organic semiconductor single crystals such as rubrene and C60, and 2D materials, such as tellurene. In the case of tellurene, we are able to access the insulator-to-metal transition. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 10:24AM - 11:00AM |
W68.00005: Adapting organic electronics to biology (and not vice versa!) Invited Speaker: Róisín Owens In vitro models of biological systems are essential for our understanding of biological systems. In many cases where animal models have failed to translate to useful data for human diseases, physiologically relevant in vitro models can bridge the gap. Many difficulties exist in interfacing complex, 3D models with technology adapted for monitoring function. Polymeric electroactive materials and devices can bridge the gap between hard inflexible materials used for physical transducers and soft, compliant biological tissues. An additional advantage of these electronic materials is their flexibility for processing and fabrication in a wide range of formats. In this presentation, I will discuss our recent progress in adapting conducting polymer devices, specifically the Organic Electrochemical Transistor (OECT), to integrate with 3D cell models. We go further, by generating 3D electroactive scaffolds capable of hosting and monitoring cells. I will also highlight recent research using biomimetic models of cell membranes interfaced with organic electronic electrodes and transistors for drug discovery. |
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