Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2020; Denver, Colorado
Session W28: New Physics and Quantum Technology at Ultra-Low TemperaturesInvited
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP Chair: William Halperin, Northwestern University Room: 405-407 |
Friday, March 6, 2020 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
W28.00001: Precision experiments at ultralow temperatures enabled by quantum technology and superconducting electronics Invited Speaker: Christian Enss Ultralow temperatures are favorable conditions for the realization of quantum technology in general and for quantum sensors in particular. One type of such quantum sensors are cryogenic detectors for particles and radiation, which have begun to revolutionize experiments in many areas of physics. Here we will discuss a specific kind of cryogenic detector, namely a metallic magnetic calorimeter (MMC) consisting of an absorber suitable for the particles to be detected, in close thermal contact with a paramagnetic temperature sensor. Together the two are connected by a weak thermal link to a thermal bath. Their universal applicability for the detection of different particles and radiation as well as their high resolution, wide bandwidth, fast and linear response make them a popular choice in many different applications today. Here we will discuss their principle of operation and their impact on precision gamma spectroscopy and neutrino mass determination. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
W28.00002: Topological Superfluid 3He under mesoscopic confinement Invited Speaker: John Saunders Confinement of superfluid 3He in a nanofabricated cavity of height comparable to the superfluid coherence length is a powerful tool to modify the p-wave superfluid order parameter [1]. This enables the creation of superfluid 3He hybrid nanostructures, with interfaces between two 3He material phases stabilized by a step in cavity height [2]. Measurements on the chiral A-phase, stabilized at low pressure in a 200 nm tall cavity, show that the order parameter suppression and the spectrum of surface bound states are fragile with respect to details of quasiparticle scattering [3]. We show that magnetic surface scattering leads to an unexpectedly large suppression of the transition temperature, corresponding to an increased density of low energy bound states. On the other hand specular surface scattering eliminates gap suppression and surface states. In taller cavities an AB transition is observed; the 0.7 and 1.1 micron cavities show a universal phase boundary, with minute super-cooling, which is potential evidence for an intrinsic nucleation mechanism under confinement [4]. Near to the AB transition the confined B-phase is predicted to be unstable to spontaneous formation of domains, with a predicted stripe phase [5]. However our NMR measurements find a two-dimensional spatially modulated superfluid (pair density wave) [6]. The future quest is to identify and manipulate Majorana zero modes in the only firmly establish topological “superconductor”. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
W28.00003: Superconducting Quantum Circuits for Quantum Computing and Quantum Simulation Invited Speaker: Jens Koch Quantum research has undergone a remarkable transition from probing quantum phenomena intrinsic to nature, to developing engineered and fully controllable quantum systems with new functionality. Experimental capabilities to reach milli-Kelvin temperatures have played an important role in enabling new quantum technology. An exciting example of such low-temperature quantum devices are superconducting circuits which have facilitated impressive progress towards quantum computation and quantum simulation. I will review the journey from the early superconducting qubits to presently employed circuits with coherence times in the micro- to millisecond range, and discuss the ongoing development of even more robust superconducting qubits with intrinsic error protection. These next-generation circuits, including the heavy-fluxonium and 0-π qubits, have the potential to outperform and ultimately replace the widely used transmon qubit. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
W28.00004: Innovation at the cold frontier for current and future quantum devices and sensors Invited Speaker: Richard Haley The Low Temperature Physics Laboratory at Lancaster University, a founder member of the European Microkelvin Platform, designs and constructs record-breaking millikelvin dilution refrigerators and sub-millikelvin adiabatic demagnetisation stages, building on the expertise, infrastructure and technical capabilities that have been developed and refined over many years. Research runs from blue-skies work in superfluid helium-3 and helium-4 at temperatures close to absolute zero, through to innovation and technology transfer of refrigeration, instrumentation and ultra-sensitive measurement techniques to academic and commercial collaborators. This talk will describe some of our recent research highlights including: the discovery of super-critical superfluid condensate flow; exploiting high quality factor nanomechanical resonators as force sensors over many orders of magnitude; and developing new techniques for delivering microkelvin electron temperatures in nano-fabricated on-chip devices. |
Friday, March 6, 2020 10:24AM - 11:00AM |
W28.00005: Research in quantum fluids, where are we? Invited Speaker: Yoonseok Lee In this paper, we present a review of the recent progresses in the field of quantum fluids with a forward-looking perspective. The main research in this field is on superfluid phases of two helium isotopes and can be classified in two realms. One is to use helium as a platform for other related physics. For example, efforts in realizing ultra-high sensitive detection and qubits using superfluid helium-4 have attracted interests of researchers in related fields with potential impact for technology. In parallel a group of researchers continue their effort in unveiling the nature of these unique quantum systems with novel experimental techniques and fresh perspectives. Active investigation of the topological nature and the capability of engineering novel superfluid phases in helium-3 widened the scope of the research in this field. The recent progress in quantitative investigation of quantum turbulence are expected to produce exciting results in the near future. This discussion is based on the works presented at the conferences in the field and the record of publications in recent years [1]. |
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