Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2020
Volume 65, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 2–6, 2020; Denver, Colorado
Session G02: Hybrid AMO/condensed matter quantum systems |
Hide Abstracts |
Sponsoring Units: DAMOP Chair: Minh Tran, University of Maryland, College Park Room: 105 |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
G02.00001: Controlling the motion of levitated particles by coherent scattering Ondrej Cernotik, Radim Filip Levitated particles are a promising platform for cavity optomechanics owing to lack of clamping losses allowing, in principle, generation of nonclassical mechanical states and high-precision sensing of external forces. One important tool for controlling the particle motion, which has remained largely unexplored, is the trapping field itself. Recently, a crucial step in understanding its capabilities has been made by using coherent scattering of tweezer photons into a cavity mode to cool the motion of a levitated particle. Here, we build on these results and show that coherent scattering, accompanied by amplitude modulation of the trapping beam, can be used for more general control of particle motion. We show how this mechanism (leading to modulation of the mechanical potential, which is impossible with clamped mechanical resonators) can be used to generate strong mechanical one- and two-mode squeezing both in the transient and steady-state regimes. We also discuss how to use these techniques for efficient readout of the mechanical motion similar, in spirit, to two-tone, backaction-evading readout. With straightforward extensions of our ideas to all three motional modes of levitated particles, our results pave the way to full quantum control of particle motion. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
G02.00002: Dynamical multistability in a quantum-dot laser Mattia Mantovani, Andrew D. Armour, Wolfgang Belzig, Gianluca Rastelli Quantum dots coupled to microwave cavities or nanomechanical resonators allow to investigate novel regimes of electron-phonon and electron-photon interactions, because of their highly tailorable properties. Here, we consider a hybrid implementation of a single-atom laser [1], where a quantum dot with two spin-split levels is coupled to a harmonic resonator and is embedded between two ferromagnetic contacts with opposite polarization. A spin-polarized current driven through the dot brings the resonator in a highly-excited lasing state. We show that the high efficiency of this pumping mechanism breaks the rotating-wave approximation (RWA) usually employed for the laser, without any need of ultrastrong spin-resonator coupling. Remarkably, the oscillator displays a rich multistable regime characterized by a multi-peaked Fock distribution. Multistability can be detected by monitoring the current in time, as it switches between distinct current levels corresponding to different states of oscillation [2]. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
G02.00003: Quantum state preparation for coupled period tripling oscillators Niels Loerch, Yaxing Zhang, Christoph Bruder, Mark Dykman We investigate the quantum transition to a correlated state of coupled oscillators in the regime where they display period tripling in response to a drive at triple the eigenfrequency. Correlations are formed between the discrete oscillation phases of individual oscillators. The evolution toward the ordered state is accompanied by the transient breaking of the symmetry between seemingly equivalent configurations. We attribute this to the nontrivial geometric phase that characterizes period tripling. We also show that the Wigner distribution of a single damped quantum oscillator can display a minimum at the classically stable zero-amplitude state. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
G02.00004: Steering sound with light Tirth Shah, Hengjiang Ren, Christian Brendel, Hannes Pfeifer, Vittorio Peano, Oskar Painter, Florian Marquardt Phononic circuits have been emerging as a growing field of research for applications in optical signal processing, sensing and emerging quantum technologies. We describe the design of a micron-scale on-chip patterned silicon device supporting i) helical transport of phonons along the interface of two topologically distinct domains, ii) photonic crystal optical cavities as a means of excitation and read-out of these mechanical vibrations via optomechanical parametric coupling. Our unique design can be characterized as a multi-scale optomechanical crystal, and we will describe possibilities to test its operation in experimental devices. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
G02.00005: Efficient photon excitation readout for individual erbium ions in silicon Guangchong Hu, Gabriele De Boo, Chunming Yin, Matthew J. Sellars, Sven Rogge Here we would report the charge detection mechanism of a single erbium ion in a silicon transistor by pulsed light. Erbium atoms were implanted in a silicon transistor and then the device was cooled down to 4K[1]. In the continuous wavelength scan, we saw a binary signal when the erbium ion was on resonance. Based on this feature, instead of using continuous wavelength scan, we utilised Dark-OnRes-Dark-Reset pulse sequences to excite the erbium ion.We found a 30MHz widel line width while the line width was 120MHz via continuous wavelength scan. We would also give a upper bound for the optical lifetime of 13/2 excited state, which is around 20us, limited by the bandwidth of our setup. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
G02.00006: Study of Erbium-doped yttrium orthovanadate crystal for the microwave to optical transduction Tian Xie, Jake Rochman, John G Bartholomew, Andrei Ruskuc, Jonathan Kindem, Ioana Craiciu, Andrei Faraon Quantum transduction between the microwave and optical domain is essential for connecting superconducting quantum platforms in a quantum network. Ensembles of rare-earth ions (REIs) coupled to both optical and microwave cavities offer a promising architecture for achieving this conversion because of their collective and coherent properties in the microwave and optical domains. The critical properties of the REI ensemble needed for high transduction efficiency are the optical and microwave transition dipole moments and the optical and spin inhomogeneities. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
G02.00007: INAS QUANTUM DOTS AND SURFACE ACOUTSIC WAVE CAVITIES FOR QUANTUM TRANSDUCTION Travis Autry, Samuel Berweger, Lucas R Sletten, Richard Mirin, Pavel Kabos, Konrad Lehnert, Kevin Silverman Quantum information technology based on superconducting microwave technology is progressing rapidly and is now widely adopted by large corporations and small startup firms. These components operate at ~20mK temperatures. An emerging problem is the transfer of quantum information out of and into the cryostat. Recently, hybrid quantum devices involving SAW cavities and superconducting qubits have been successfully integrated [1]. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
G02.00008: Tunable Microwave Resonators Composed of Stoichiometric Titanium Nitride and Multilayer Titanium Nitride/Titanium David S Wisbey, Jacob Brewster, Michael R. Vissers, Jiansong Gao Low-temperature high-Q frequency tunable microwave resonators were fabricated and measured. Two different types of material were fabricated and tested: Titanium nitride/titanium (TiN/Ti) multilayers and stoichiometric titanium nitride (sTiN). The multilayer resonators had a tunable resonant frequency and still maintained a high internal quality factor at temperatures around 50 mK. Multilayer TiN/Ti resonators had a Tc of 1.5K and sTiN resonators had a Tc of 4.5K. Biasing was accomplished using lithographically etched lines and an external power supply. The frequency tunability, as before [1], was achieved by injecting a DC through a current-directing circuit into the nonlinear inductor whose kinetic inductance is current dependent. We were able to achieve a frequency tunability of up to 20MHz, or .5 % fractional frequency shift, while maintaining a base temperature of less than 50 mK, without measurable heating of the device. Different lengths and widths of bias lines were compared to determine the effect on the microwave resonators. We were able to achieve an internal quality factor of Qi > 250,000 for certain designs. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
G02.00009: Potential applications of solid-state laser cooling in silica glass Esmaeil Mobini, Mostafa Peysokhan, Arash Mafi Solid-state laser cooling (SSLC) can remove heat from materials via anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling. Since the first observation of SSLC in ZBLAN glass in 1995 by R. Epstein et al., a variety of materials have been successfully cooled. Among the materials, Yb-doped crystals have gained more attention than others due to their higher ion solubility that could lead to high cooling efficiency. However, over the past two decades, the laser cooling of silica glass as the most widely used optical material has been void of success. This lack of success has led many to question the possibility of SSLC in silica. Recently, we have observed the SSLC in Yb-doped silica glass that potentially opens up new applications from radiation-balancing in fiber amplifiers to spot-cooling in silicon photonics. Here, we first investigate all the parameters that govern the SSLC in the materials and will show that SSLC in pure silica glass is achievable, and second, revisit some of our results on the SSLC of Yb-doped silica. Finally, we investigate the minimum temperature that an ultra-pure Yb-doped silica glass can achieve. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
G02.00010: Strain activated hBN color centers in photonic and plasmonic systems Nicholas Proscia, Robert Collison, Carlos Meriles, Vinod M Menon A photonic-chip-based source of quantum light is highly desirable for long range quantum commutation. One promising material system for this is the Van der Waals material hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) which hosts room temperature single photon emitters in its bulk and 2d limit. The ultra-thin nature of hBN allows for the ability to conform and integrate with other material systems and offers a way to control its the electronic and optical properties through strain and electro-magnetic nearfields. Here we demonstrate a deterministic coupling method by activation of such emitters via strain applied by mechanical bending at precise locations. We use the topography of the photonic element structure to induce the bending and strain engineer heightened defect emission within the field mode of two micro and nano-photonic elements, e.g. Si3N4 microdisk (MD) cavities and surface lattice resonances (SLRs) of plasmonic Ag pillar array. We subsequently show coupling of the hBN defect emission to these cavity structure and find this method to be a promising step towards more accessible quantum states of light for study in on-chip devices. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
G02.00011: Absolute quantum efficiency measurement of single photon emitters in hexagonal Boron Nitride Niko Nikolay, Noah Mendelsohn, Ersan Özelci, Bernd Sontheimer, Florian Böhm, Günter Kewes, Milos Toth, Igor Aharonovich, Oliver Benson Single photon emitters in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have been intensively studied for several years, since their outstanding properties could qualify this material system as promising candidates for future sources of quantum states of light [1]. However, the atomic origin and some important basic properties of these defects are yet unknown. One of them is the quantum efficiency (QE) with respect to the ratio of radiative and non-radiative rate. We have performed an absolute measurement using the Drexhage method, which is free of incomplete excitation saturation, indirect excitation paths and the detection efficiency of the setup. Instead, it relies on lifetime measurements alongside a controlled change in local density of states achieved by a precise mirror placement using an atomic force microscope. In this contribution, we will report on the mentioned method, the experimental results on two emitter families with different QEs (with the highest QE found approaching 87(7) %) [2], the discovery of part of the underlying level system, specifically the absolute de-excitation rates, and the effects on the expected maximum photon count rate. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
G02.00012: Quantum Correlations in the Stokes-anti-Stokes Raman Scattering: Photonic Cooper Pairs Filomeno Aguiar Júnior, Andre L Saraiva, Marcelo França Santos, Belita Koiller, Reinaldo De Melo e Souza, Arthur Patrocínio Pena, Raigna Armond da Silva, Carlos Henrique Monken, Ado Jorio The production of correlated Stokes (S) and anti-Stokes (aS) photons (SaS process) mediated by real phonon is well known in the literature. However, in recent work we demonstrated that Photons can interact with each other in condensed matter through the same mechanism that forms Cooper pairs in superconductors—the exchange of virtual phonons [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 193603 (2017)]. We investigate the energy, momentum and production rate of correlated Stokes–anti-Stokes (SaS) photons in diamond and we show the rate of correlated SaS production depends on the energy shifts of the pair, which in the BCS theory determines whether there should be an attractive or repulsive interaction. With this view, we only observe correlated SaS in the case of attractive interactions [PRB 99, 100503 (2019)]. We also observe that the SaS photons crosses the sample following the same path as the noninteracting laser. Finally, we investigate the polarization of correlated SaS photons, demonstrating that they have mainly the same polarization of the excitation laser. By pump-probe experiments we measure the decay rate of the SaS pair production, evidencing the fundamental difference between the real and virtual phonon exchange processes. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
G02.00013: Controlling van der Waals Phenomena at the interface of Atomic and Two-Dimensional Dirac Quantum Matter Aaditya Dimri, Joseph Turner, Adrian Del Maestro, Valeri Kotov We discuss how the presence of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, can significantly affect two intrinsically quantum phenomena that have traditionally served as probes of the fundamental van der Waals (VDW) interaction. First, we show theoretically that Quantum Reflection (QR) of slow atoms off attractive VDW potential tails (due to interactions with 2D materials) is very strongly dependent on material characteristics (such as band structure, doping and screening level, etc). Secondly, we analyze manifestations of such 2D effects for many atoms forming a confined Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) placed near 2D materials, which in turn makes the BEC frequency sensitive to the interface. In both cases we find that relatively small 2D material changes (either by external factors such as strain or doping, or by using gapped 2D materials instead of graphene) can have a profound effect on the above phenomena. In particular, Quantum Reflection at a given energy can experience a significant enhancement or supression (relative to conventionally used bulk materials) making 2D quantum materials an attractive playground for the study of many-body phenomena at the interface of atomic and solid state physics. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
G02.00014: Magneto-electric Rectification: A New Universal Second-order Nonlinearity Minh T Trinh, Gregory Smail, Daseul Yang, Jinsang Kim, Stephen Colby Rand Ultrafast magneto-electric (M-E) interactions have attracted a great deal of attention because they potentially enable novel ultrafast all-optical switching, sensing technology, and terahertz emission. Most M-E effects have been observed in multiferroic materials or in metamaterials. Very interestingly, it has been reported recently that magnetic properties of homogeneous dielectric media can be controlled by optical nonlinearities driven jointly by electric and magnetic field components of light. Through the action of optical torque at the atomic scale, magneto-electric (M-E) interactions drive the bound electrons to move in curved trajectories even under non-relativistic conditions, breaking temporal and spatial inversion symmetry. As a result, several unforeseen physical phenomena take place, such as longitudinally polarized second harmonic radiation, induced transverse magnetization at the optical frequency, and forward optical rectification. Interestingly, no special crystal symmetry is necessary for M-E rectification. In this work, we report the first observation of the transient forward magneto-electric rectification in a pentacene thin-film using an electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) technique. |
Tuesday, March 3, 2020 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
G02.00015: Theory of Magneto-electric Dynamics in Charge Separation Gregory Smail, Minh T Trinh, Stephen Colby Rand A time dependent theory of magneto-electric nonlinearities at the molecular level is presented, with an emphasis on rectification. Magneto-electric nonlinearities are interactions that involve both the electric and magnetic fields of light. Recent experimental evidence indicates that these interactions are mediated by the transfer of orbital angular momentum to molecular rotations through the action of optical torque at low intensities. By including torque dynamics in an otherwise classical electron oscillator model, a quantitative model of the interactions can be developed to include temporal evolution. The solutions to the equations of motion clearly show the role of both a parametric resonance and torque dynamics in driving the magneto-electric nonlinearities. Simulations are directly compared to experimental measurements of magneto-electric rectification to examine the accuracy of the model. |
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