Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2018
Volume 63, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 5–9, 2018; Los Angeles, California
Session B59: Polymer Physics from Academia to Industry and BackInvited
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Sponsoring Units: DPOLY FIAP Chair: Rohan Hule, ExxonMobil Chemical Company Room: LACC Petree Hall D |
Monday, March 5, 2018 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
B59.00001: Microstructral Basis for the Unexpected Radial Strength of Poly L-lactide (PLLA) Bioresorbable Vascular Scafflolds During Hydrolysis Invited Speaker: Julie Kornfield Poly(L-lactide), PLLA, is the structural material of the first clinically approved bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS), a promising alternative to permanent metal stents for treatment of coronary heart disease. BVSs are transient implants that support the occluded artery for 6 months, and are completely resorbed in 2 years. Clinical trials of BVSs report restoration of arterial vasomotion and elimination of serious complications such as Late Stent Thrombosis. It is remarkable that a scaffold made from PLLA, known as a brittle polymer, does not fracture when crimped onto a balloon catheter or during deployment in the artery. We used x-ray microdiffraction to discover how PLLA acquired ductile character and found that the crimping process creates localized regions of extreme anisotropy; PLLA chains in the scaffold change orientation from the hoop direction to the radial direction on micron-scale distances. This multiplicity of morphologies in the crimped scaffold works in tandem to enable a low-stress response during deployment, which avoids fracture of the PLLA hoops and leaves them with the strength needed to support the artery. Thus, the transformations of the semicrystalline PLLA microstructure during crimping explain the unexpected strength and ductility of the current BVS and point the way to thinner resorbable scaffolds in the future. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
B59.00002: Polymer Physics in Self-Assembled Nanopatterns: From Block Copolymers to Polymer Grafted Nanocrystals Invited Speaker: Ricardo Ruiz Directed self-assembly of functional nanomaterials combines top-down techniques with bottom up self-organization to impart ordering by design to periodic structures in soft-matter. In particular block copolymers exhibit promising attributes to extend lithographic patterning well into the single-digit nanometer regime. Similarly, polymer-grafted nanocrystals may also find applications in nanopatterning or as functional templates for electronic, magnetic or optical devices. When searching for potential avenues to reach pattern perfection, polymer physics is the essential tool to unlock the knowledge needed to understand the mechanisms of pattern formation and defect control. In this talk, we review representative examples in which we used polymer physics to gain insights into the self-assembly behavior of block copolymer and polymer grafted nanocrystals that subsequently enabled higher quality patterns at nanometer scales over large areas |
Monday, March 5, 2018 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
B59.00003: Practical challenges for the implementation of polymers into highly engineered systems - an industrial perspective Invited Speaker: Jon Degroot Theoretical and experimental physics has developed to a point which enables the design of high precision devices utilizing a variety of materials. Because of the broad industrial success achieved with polymeric systems, the chemistry of these materials is well understood, and many materials have been scaled up and are produced in exceedingly large quantities. Therefore, it is often assumed that once an application is successfully demonstrated a device or product can easily be commercialized utilizing available polymers, and that these polymers will be cost effective. While this assumption can be true in some cases, in other cases it is wrong, not because the physics is incorrect, but because of the practical challenges faced making the desired materials in an industrial setting. Several experimentally successful application examples utilizing polymeric materials will be examined to identify the challenges faced when using industrially produced materials. By keeping these issues in mind and planning for them, it may be possible to accellerate the development of commercial products from academic research and it may also lead to further refinement of theory to deal with complexities introduced when materials are produced at industrially relevant scales. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
B59.00004: Insight vs. Accuracy for Models and Experiments in industry: How to strive for simplicity, and the importance of top-down, multi-physics modeling Invited Speaker: Sumanth Jamadagni The talk will provide an overview of the increasing role of models: theory and simulation from the quantum scale to the macroscopic, and the experiments they drive to accelerate product innovation in the consumer goods industry. I will highlight some success stories and examples where we have large gaps in our capabilities. I'll also describe with examples characteristics of 'successful' models in different contexts to compare relative usefulness of simple theories vs. high fidelelity simulations and the importance of multi-physics models in an industrial setting with large heterogenous teams for providing key insights that can deliver innovation. |
Monday, March 5, 2018 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
B59.00005: Thermoplastic Composite Solutions for Mass Markets: Opportunities and Challenges Invited Speaker: Nikhil Verghese Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite materials are viewed favorably by the industry as a means of providing light weighting with attractive mass production prospects. These new materials however are costlier than incumbent materials and hence, multi-material hybrid structures, that blend continuous fiber composites with lower-cost options such as chopped fiber composites and metals are becoming attractive propositions for many industries. The advantage of this multi-material approach when properly designed, is that it selectively uses continuous fiber composites where the load path is the highest and lower cost injection molding compounds in other regions. This also ensures that fast production cycle times can be achieved with the traditional installed equipment base. Under this approach, while the continuous fiber composite takes its place along the main load axis, other functional details can be integrated using the injection molding material, thereby eliminating the need for costly separate production steps. In this way, the high mechanical performance can still be realized, without the high cost associated with these materials and the associated production equipment. Having said that, there are some significant challenges that the industry as a whole faces. These include, driving higher confidence in designing and characterizing these material systems, development of adequate process models that can drive process optimization, process automation to drive down the cost of parts production, going beyond the lab, pilot plant all the way to the industrial-scale in terms of robust process upscaling, industrial scale thermoplastic composite recycling and last but not least, a healthy knowledge base of resources experienced with continuous fiber thermoplastic composites. Most of these experienced resources currently reside in the aerospace industry. In this talk, we will cover what these challenges are as well as the approach SABIC has taken to introduce continuous fiber thermoplastic based hybrid composite solutions. |
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