Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2016
Volume 61, Number 2
Monday–Friday, March 14–18, 2016; Baltimore, Maryland
Session B48: Quantum Optics with Superconducting Circuits |
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Sponsoring Units: GQI Chair: Irfan Siddiqi, University of California, Berkeley Room: 349 |
Monday, March 14, 2016 11:15AM - 11:27AM |
B48.00001: Electromagnetically induced transparency in a tunable three-dimensional transmon Tiefu Li, Qichun Liu, Xiaoqing Luo, Hu Zhao, Wei Xiong, Zhen Chen, Yingshan Zhang, J. S. Liu, Wei Chen, Franco Nori, J. S. Tsai, J. Q. You Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been realized in atomic systems, but fulfilling the EIT conditions for artificial atoms made from superconducting circuits is a more difficult task. Here we report an experimental observation of the EIT in a tunable three-dimensional transmon by probing the cavity transmission. We tune the transmon to adjust its damping rates to fulfill the EIT conditions. From the experimental observations, we clearly identify the EIT and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) regimes as well as the transition regime in between. Also, the experimental data demonstrate that the threshold $\backslash $Omega\textunderscore \textbraceleft AIC\textbraceright determined by the Akaike information criterion can describe the EIT-ATS transition better than the threshold $\backslash $Omega\textunderscore \textbraceleft EIT\textbraceright given by the EIT theory. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 11:27AM - 11:39AM |
B48.00002: Resonance fluorescence from an artificial atom in squeezed vacuum, Part 1: Efficient fluorescence detection A. Eddins, D.M. Toyli, S. Puri, S. Boutin, D. Hover, V. Bolkhovsky, W.D. Oliver, A. Blais, I. Siddiqi The accurate prediction of the fluorescence spectrum of a single atom under coherent excitation, comprising canonical phenomena such as the Mollow triplet, is a fundamental success of quantum optics. Despite considerable efforts, experiments demonstrating a strong modification to the resonance fluorescence spectrum resulting from driving an atomic system with non-classical squeezed light have remained elusive, in part due to challenges in efficient coupling. In this talk, we discuss how we strongly couple microwave-frequency squeezed light to a superconducting artificial atom and detect the resulting fluorescence using a Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier (JTWPA). Whereas alternative detection techniques require extensive experimental hardware and long averaging times to resolve fluorescence, the large dynamic range and GHz bandwidth of the JTWPA facilitate direct detection of the Mollow triplet with a spectrum analyzer in minutes, enabling a systematic study with respect to the properties of squeezed vacuum. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 11:39AM - 11:51AM |
B48.00003: Resonance fluorescence from an artificial atom in squeezed vacuum, Part 2: Squeezing characterization through fluorescence D.M. Toyli, A. Eddins, S. Puri, S. Boutin, D. Hover, V. Bolkhovsky, W.D. Oliver, A. Blais, I. Siddiqi The accurate prediction of the fluorescence spectrum of a single atom under coherent excitation, comprising canonical phenomena such as the Mollow triplet, is a fundamental success of quantum optics. Despite considerable efforts, experiments demonstrating a strong modification to the resonance fluorescence spectrum resulting from driving an atomic system with non-classical squeezed light have remained elusive, in part due to challenges in efficient coupling. In this second of two talks, we discuss observations of the dramatic dependence of the Mollow triplet spectrum on the phase of the squeezed vacuum environment and measurements of subnatural fluorescence linewidths that demonstrate up to 3.5 dB of squeezing below the standard vacuum limit. In addition to realizing two seminal predictions for resonance fluorescence in squeezed vacuum, our work provides simple and robust metrological tools for characterizing squeezed light at microwave frequencies. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
B48.00004: Stochastic path integral approach to continuous quadrature measurement of a single fluorescing qubit Andrew N. Jordan, Areeya Chantasri, Benjamin Huard I will present a theory of continuous quantum measurement for a superconducting qubit undergoing fluorescent energy relaxation. The fluorescence of the qubit is detected via a phase-preserving heterodyne measurement, giving the cavity mode quadrature signals as two continuous qubit readout results. By using the stochastic path integral approach to the measurement physics, we obtain the most likely fluorescence paths between chosen boundary conditions on the state, and compute approximate correlation functions between all stochastic variables via diagrammatic perturbation theory. Of particular interest are most-likely paths describing increasing energy during the florescence. Comparison to Monte Carlo numerical simulation and experiment will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
B48.00005: Two-mode squeezing in a broadband parametric amplifier J. A. Grover, A. Kamal, S. Gustavsson, F. Yan, T. P. Orlando, W. D. Oliver, D. Hover, V. Bolkhovsky, J. L. Yoder, C. Macklin, K. O'Brien, I. Siddiqi The Josephson traveling wave parametric amplifier (JTWPA) exhibits gains of greater than 20 dB over a frequency range of a few gigahertz. In addition to being a quantum-limited amplifier over a wide frequency range, the JTWPA is a source of broadband squeezed radiation. We report the observation of broadband squeezing of microwave light generated by a JTWPA by measuring cross correlations between modes separated by up to one gigahertz in frequency. Employing a chain of two JTWPAs, the first as a squeezer and the second as a quantum-limited preamplifier, ensures a high-efficiency measurement of squeezing. We also discuss progress towards employing such two-mode squeezed radiation to realize high-fidelity dispersive readout of superconducting qubits. \newline \newline This research was funded in part by the U.S. Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF-14-1-0682 and by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) and by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research \& Engineering via MIT Lincoln Laboratory under Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
B48.00006: Displacement of squeezed propagating microwave states Kirill G. Fedorov, Ling Zhong, Stefan Pogorzalek, Peter Eder, Michael Fischer, Jan Goetz, Friedrich Wulschner, Edwar Xie, Edwin Menzel, Frank Deppe, Achim Marx, Rudolf Gross Displacement of propagating squeezed states is a fundamental operation for quantum communications. It can be applied to fundamental studies of macroscopic quantum coherence and has an important role in quantum teleportation protocols with propagating microwaves. We generate propagating squeezed states using a Josephson parametric amplifier and implement displacement using a cryogenic directional coupler. We study single- and two-mode displacement regimes. For the single-mode displacement we find that the squeezing level of the displaced squeezed state does not depend on the displacement amplitude. Also, we observe that quantum entanglement between two spatially separated channels stays constant across 4 orders of displacement power. We acknowledge support by the German Research Foundation through SFB 631 and FE 1564/1-1, the EU project PROMISCE, and Elite Network of Bavaria through the program ExQM. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
B48.00007: Engineering Non-Classical Light with Non-Linear Microwaveguides Arne Grimsmo, Aashish Clerk, Alexandre Blais The quest for ever increasing fidelity and scalability in measurement of superconducting qubits to be used for fault-tolerant quantum computing has recently led to the development of near quantum-limited broadband phase preserving amplifiers in the microwave regime. These devices are, however, more than just amplifiers: They are sources of high-quality, broadband two-mode squeezed light. We show how bottom-up engineering of Josephson junction embedded waveguides can be used to \emph{design} novel squeezing spectra. Furthermore, the entanglement in the two-mode squeezed output field can be imprinted onto quantum systems coupled to the device's output. These broadband microwave amplifiers constitute a realization of non-linear waveguide QED, a very interesting playground for non-equilibrium many-body physics. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
B48.00008: Topological quantum states of light in coupled microwave cavities Ruichao Ma, John C Owen, Aman Lachapelle, Taekwan Yoon, David Schuster, Jonathan Simon We present a unique photonic platform to explore quantum many-body phenomena in coupled cavity arrays. We create tight binding lattices with arrays of evanescently coupled three-dimensional coaxial microwave cavities. Topologically non-trivial band structures are engineered by utilizing the chiral coupling of the cavity modes to ferrite spheres in a magnetic field. We develop robust, minimal methods to completely characterize the tight-binding Hamiltonian, including all onsite disorder, tunnel coupling, local dissipation and effective flux, using only spectroscopic measurement on specific sites. These efforts pave the way to realize low-disorder, long-coherence, topological tight binding models, where the many-body states can be spectroscopically driven and probed in temporally- and spatially- resolved measurements. Using techniques from circuit QED, effective onsite photon-photon interactions may be introduced by coupling to superconducting qubits. This will allow us to explore the interplay between topology and coherent interaction in these artificial strongly-correlated photonic quantum materials. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
B48.00009: Quantum optics with nonlinearly coupled superconducting resonators Vadiraj A.M., C.W.S. Chang, Pol Forn-Diaz, C.M. Wilson Superconducting circuits provide a robust platform for studying fundamental aspects of light-matter interaction in the circuit QED architecture. Here, we study a novel circuit that couples two superconducting resonators via a nonlinear interaction mediated by a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The interaction hamiltonian has a form analogous to optomechanical systems with the photon number in one resonator coupling to the current in the other. However, the nonlinear coupling constant can be many orders of magnitude larger than in typical optomechanical systems. This can potentially bring the system into a new regime of single-photon coupling between the resonators, enabling novel physics. We will present preliminary results in this direction.~ [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 1:03PM - 1:15PM |
B48.00010: Experimental investigation of a steady-state dynamical phase transition in a Jaynes-Cummings dimer James Raftery, Darius Sadri, Stephan Mandt, Hakan Tureci, Andrew Houck Experimental progress in circuit-QED has made it possible to study non-equilibrium many-body physics using strongly correlated photons. Such open and driven systems can display new types of dynamical phase transitions [1]. A steady state transition has also been predicted for a Jaynes-Cummings dimer where the photon current between the two cavities acts as an order parameter [2]. Here, we discuss the theory and report measurements of the steady-state behavior of a circuit-QED dimer with in situ tunable inter-cavity coupling and on-site photon-photon interaction. [1] J. Raftery, D. Sadri, S. Schmidt, H. E. T\"ureci, and A. A. Houck, Phys. Rev. X 4, 031043 (2014). [2] S. Mandt, D. Sadri, A. A. Houck, and H. E. T\"ureci, New J. Phys. 17 (2015) 053018. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 1:15PM - 1:27PM |
B48.00011: Fock-state stabilization in superconducting circuits using biased Josephson junctions Jean-Rene Souquet, Aashish Clerk The ability to prepare and stabilize non-trivial states is a crucial ingredient for quantum information processing. Here, we analyze theoretically a simple scheme for stabilizing Fock states in a superconducting circuit using the nonlinearity inherent in a voltage-biased Josephson junction. Unlike a recent demonstration of Fock state stabilization [1], our protocol does not require any microwave driving. We also discuss how the same system can be used to generate propagating single-photon states with high fidelity, again without the use of microwave drives or pulses.\\[0pt] [1] E. T. Holland, B. Vlastakis, R. W. Heeres, M. J. Reagor, U. Vool, Z. Leghtas, L. Frunzio, G. Kirchmair, M. H. Devoret, M. Mirrahimi, R. J. Schoelkopf. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 180501 (2015). [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 1:27PM - 1:39PM |
B48.00012: Steady-state response of coupled non-linear superconducting quantum oscillators Matthew Elliott, Eran Ginossar Analytic solutions of non-linear, dissipative quantum systems can provide access to parameter regimes where numerical simulation is unfeasible. In particular, they are useful when these systems are driven at high powers but influenced by quantum fluctuations. We find exact solutions of a Fokker-Planck equation from which we derive the response characteristics of coupled linear and non-linear oscillators under the influence of both coherent and parametric driving. By working in an experimentally feasible parameter regime for superconducting quantum circuits, we model a realistic driven cavity-transmon system and obtain the steady-state frequency response of both cavity and transmon at a range of drive powers, comparing our results with recent experimental data. We show that this method can also be extended to investigate the behaviour of a resonator with a quartic non-linearity which is driven coherently and parametrically, revealing the structure of bifurcations in the steady-state solutions. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
B48.00013: Dressed-state engineering for continuous detection of itinerant microwave photons Kazuki Koshino, Zhirong Lin, Kunihiro Inomata, Tsuyoshi Yamamoto, Yasunobu Nakamura Microwave quantum optics using superconducting qubits and transmission lines enables various quantum-optical phenomena that have not been reached in the visible light domain. However, the lack of an efficient detector for itinerant microwave photons has been a long-standing problem. A promising approach is to use the deterministic switching of a $\Lambda$ system induced by individual photons. Recently, we realized a $\Lambda$ system by the dressed-state engineering of a qubit-resonator system and achieved a detection efficiency $\sim 66$\%. However, this detector should be operated in the time-gated mode, since the drive field to generate the $\Lambda$-type transition must be turned off during the qubit readout. Here, we propose a scheme for continuous detection of itinerant microwave photons. In the proposed device, a superconducting qubit is coupled dispersively to two resonators: one is used to form a $\Lambda$ system that deterministically captures incoming photons and the other is used for continuous monitoring of the event. The proposed device enables continuous operation of the photon detector, preserving the advantages of our previous scheme, such as a high detection efficiency, insensitivity to the signal pulse shape, and short dead times after detection. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 14, 2016 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
B48.00014: Observation of quantum-limited heat conduction over macroscopic distances Mikko Mottonen, Matti Partanen, Kuan Yen Tan, Joonas Govenius, Russell Lake, Miika Makela, Tuomo Tanttu The emerging quantum technological devices, such as the quantum computer, call for extreme performance in thermal engineering at the nanoscale. Importantly, quantum mechanics sets a fundamental upper limit for the flow of information and heat, which is quantified by the quantum of thermal conductance. We present experimental observations of quantum-limited heat conduction over macroscopic distances extending to a meter. We achieved this striking improvement of four orders of magnitude in the distance by utilizing microwave photons travelling in superconducting transmission lines. Thus it seems that quantum-limited heat conduction has no fundamental restriction in its distance. This work lays the foundation for the integration of normal-metal components into superconducting transmission lines, and hence provides an important tool for circuit quantum electrodynamics, the basis of the emerging superconducting quantum computer. In particular, our results may lead to remote cooling of nanoelectronic devices with the help of a far-away in-situ-tunable heat sink. [Preview Abstract] |
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