Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session J3: History of Physics, Public Policy and National Facilities |
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Sponsoring Units: FHP Chair: Timir Datta Room: 107 |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 2:30PM - 2:42PM |
J3.00001: Timing and Impact of Bohr's Trilogy Yeuncheol Jeong, Lei Wang, Ming Yin, Timir Datta In their article- Genesis of the Bohr Atom Heilbron and Kuhn asked - what suddenly turned his [Bohr's] attention, to atom models during June 1912- they were absolutely right; during the short period in question Bohr had made an unexpected change in his research activity, he has found a new interest ``atom'' and would soon produce a spectacularly successful theory about it in his now famous trilogy papers in the Phil Mag (1913). We researched the trilogy papers, Bohr`s memorandum, his own correspondence from that time in question and activities by Moseley (Manchester), Henry and Lawrence Bragg. Our work suggests that Bohr, also at Manchester that summer, was likely to have been inspired by Laue's sensational discovery in April 1912, of X-ray interference from atoms in crystals. The three trilogy papers include sixty five distinct (numbered) references from thirty one authors. The publication dates of the cited works range from 1896 to 1913. Bohr showed an extraordinary skill in navigating thru the most important and up-to date works. Eleven of the cited authors (Bohr included, but not John Nicholson) were recognized by ten Noble prizes, six in physics and four in chemistry. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 2:42PM - 2:54PM |
J3.00002: Jakob Narkiewicz-Jodko --Tesla ``Predecessor'' Vladimir Samuilov, Vladimir Kiselev Prof. Jakob Narkiewicz-Jodko (1947--1905) is a bright figure in the history of science of the XIXth century [1,2]. His major discoveries are: Electrography -- the method of the visualization of electric discharge from the bodies due to the application of high strength and high frequency electric fields [3,4], and one of the first observations of the propagation of the electromagnetic waives and information transfer over the distances [5,6]. We review Prof. Jakob Narkiewicz-Jodko's research results and explain our point why we consider him as the predecessor of Nikola Tesla. [1] Decrespe M. La vie et les oeuvres de M. de Narkiewicz-Iodko, member et collaborateur de l'Institut imperial de medecineexperimentale de Saint-Petersbourg, member of correspondent de la Societe de Medecine de Paris, etc./ Marius Decrespe.- Paris, Chamuel, 1896, 51p. [2] Annalen der Physik.- Leipzig, 1896. -- Bd 293, 132 [3] Electrography// The Photographic news for amateur photographers.- 1896.- vol. 40, p.450 [4] Maack F. Elektrographie. Mit besonderer Berucksich-tigung der Versuche Narkiewicz-Jodko/ Ferdinand Maack// Wissenseschaltliche Zeitschrift\textellipsis -- 1898.- Bd 1, 1, 8-22; -1898.- Bd 1, 2/3, 89-99. [5] S\'{e}ances de la societe francaise de physique/ Societe francaise de physique. -- Paris, 1898, p. 77-79. [6] Present condition of wireless telegraphy// Consular reports: Commerce, manufacturers, etc. of their consular districts. Bureau of Foreign Commerce of United States.- Washington 1901, v.66. p. 44. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 2:54PM - 3:06PM |
J3.00003: Childhood Trauma and Coping through the Science of Physics: An Attachment Perspective Viviana Lucabeche, Jolynn Haney, Paul Quinn Trauma can be defined as stressful life events that disrupt and/or delay successful transition during childhood developmental stages (Roberts, 2000). In this exploratory study, transitional stressors are defined as: childhood physical, sexual, or emotional abuse; loss of a caregiver or significant relative due to death or abandonment; exposure to physical violence by non-family members (e.g., bullying); or illness resulting in permanent physical disability. Trauma may produce disorganized attachments in childhood, which may lead to emotional and to social impairment in adulthood (Siegel, 1999). Consequently, traumatized individuals, who suffer from disorganized attachments, may seek to engage in activities which are emotionally predictable. An examination of the personal childhood histories from a sample of Nobel Prize winners in the field of physics provides support for the hypothesis that the study of physics may serve as an effective coping method for individuals who have experienced childhood trauma. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 3:06PM - 3:18PM |
J3.00004: Special course for Masters and PhD students: phase transitions, Landau theory, 1D Ising model, the dimension of the space and Cosmology Vladimir Udodov Symmetry breaking transitions. The phenomenological (L.D.Landau, USSR, 1937) way to describe phase transitions (PT's). Order parameter and loss of the symmetry. The second derivative of the free energy changes jump wise at the transition, i.e. we have a mathematical singularity and second order PT ($T_{C}$\textgreater 0). Extremes of free energy. A point of loss of stability of the symmetrical phase. The eigenfrequency of PT and soft mode behavior. The conditions of applicability of the Landau theory (A.Levanyuk, 1959, V.Ginzburg, 1960). 1D Ising model and exact solution by a transfer matrix method. Critical exponents in the L.Landau PT's theory and for 1D Ising model. Scaling hypothesis (1965) for 1D Ising model with zero critical temperature. The order of PT in 1D Ising model in the framework of the R.Baxter approach. The anthropic principle and the dimension of the space. Why do we have a three-dimensional space? Big bang, the cosmic vacuum, inflation and PT's. Higgs boson and symmetry breaking transitions. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 3:18PM - 3:30PM |
J3.00005: Do the Math - The Role of Physicists in the Climate Movement Nathan Nesbitt ``It's simple math: we can emit 565 more gigatons of carbon dioxide and stay below 2$^{\circ}$C of warming - anything more than that risks catastrophe for life on earth. The only problem? Burning the fossil fuel that corporations now have in their reserves would result in emitting 2,795 gigatons of carbon dioxide - five times the safe amount.''\footnote{Do The Math Tour, 350.org.} Physicists stand in a powerful position to help the world wiggle out of this circumstance: our profession not only has the technical capacity to work on renewable energy development but also is popularly recognized as a source of scientific authority. This ability to influence public perception and politics is arguably even more important than our technological skills in the fight to stop rapid climate change. I will discuss several strategic campaigns presently underway at universities across the country, such as fossil fuel divestment, and how the physics community can become a valuable asset. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 3:30PM - 3:42PM |
J3.00006: The NHMFL Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos National Lab Chuck Mielke National user facilities provide scientists and industrial development companies with access to specialized experimental capabilities to enable development of materials and solve long standing technical problems. Magnetic fields have become an indispensable tool for researchers to better understand and manipulate ground states of electronic materials. As magnetic field intensities are increased the quantum nature of these materials become exponentially more likely to be observed and this is but one of the drivers to go further in high magnetic field generation. At the Los Alamos branch of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory we have significant efforts in extremely high magnetic field generation and experimentation. In direct opposition with our efforts are the tremendous electro-mechanical forces exerted on our magnets and the electromagnetic interference that couples to the sample under study and the diagnostic equipment. Challenges in magnetic field generation and research will be presented. Various methods of pulsed high magnetic field generation and experimentation capabilities will be reviewed, including our recent ``World Record'' for the highest non-destructive magnetic field. [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 3:42PM - 3:54PM |
J3.00007: Education through the prism of computation Vitaliy Kaurov With the rapid development of technology, computation claims its irrevocable place among research components of modern science. Thus to foster a successful future scientist, engineer or educator we need to add computation to the foundations of scientific education. We will discuss what type of paradigm shifts it brings to these foundations on the example of Wolfram Science Summer School [1]. It is one of the most advanced computational outreach programs run by Wolfram Foundation, welcoming participants of almost all ages and backgrounds. Centered on complexity science and physics, it also covers numerous adjacent and interdisciplinary fields such as finance, biology, medicine and even music. We will talk about educational and research experiences in this program during the 12 years of its existence. We will review statistics and outputs the program has produced. Among these are interactive electronic publications at the Wolfram Demonstrations Project [2] and contributions to the computational knowledge engine Wolfram\textbar Alpa [3]. \\[4pt] [1] http://www.wolframscience.com/summerschool\\[0pt] [2] http://demonstrations.wolfram.com\\[0pt] [3] http://www.wolframalpha.com [Preview Abstract] |
Tuesday, March 4, 2014 3:54PM - 4:06PM |
J3.00008: Rapidly Slowing Microdrops, Quantized Pixel Detectors and More at Hartnell College in Salinas, CA Sewan Fan, Laura Fatuzzo, Brooke Haag In this conference, we describe the Research Scholar Institute program, a unique physics research internship program administered at Hartnell College. Specifically, we present a novel dynamics of microdroplet experiment which develops from the search for fractional charge experiment at SLAC, cosmic ray physics experiments that implements multipixel photon counters (MPPC) which show quantized photon distribution peaks, and other innovative physics experiments. Our internship program has successfully mentored community college STEM students to do research both at Hartnell College and at Department of Energy labs that include Lawrence Berkeley Lab and FermiLab. [Preview Abstract] |
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