Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session S23: Invited Session: Industrial Physics Forum: Frontiers of Nanomaterials and Interfaces |
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Sponsoring Units: FIAP Chair: Ichiro Takeuchi, University of Maryland, Luigi Colombo, Texas Instruments Incorporated Room: 505-507 |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 8:00AM - 8:36AM |
S23.00001: Novel Carbons as Electrodes for Electrical Energy Storage Invited Speaker: Rodney S. Ruoff In this talk I will speculate about directions for carbon materials as the electrode(s) in EES systems such as ultracapacitors and Li ion batteries. Perhaps the penultimate electrode material for ultracapacitors (based on charge storage by electrical double layer capacitance, EDLC) would be a ``negative curvature carbon'' (NCC, akin to the Schwartzite structures) with atom thick walls, and possibly substitutionally doped with, e.g., N atoms in case the all-carbon structure were limited by quantum (i.e., intrinsic) capacitance. Such an NCC would have a distribution of pore sizes that would likely (for optimal performance) span ``mesoscale'' and ``microscale'' pores, which in the parlance of porous materials means pores ``above 2-3 nanometers'' and pores ``below about 2 nanometers,'' respectively. Making such materials offers exciting challenges for materials chemists/synthetic chemists, and to date only the ``basic'' Schwarzite structures (ideal crystals studied by DFT with periodic boundary conditions and relatively simple unit cells) have been modeled in terms of properties such as their electronic states and in some cases, potential as all carbon ferromagnets. I identified the NCCs as candidates for EES for ultracapacitors, in a paper published in Science in 2011 with coauthors. We made an aperiodic carbon that had atom thick walls and surface areas as high as 3200 m2/g, along with ``good'' powder electrical conductivity, high carbon content, and apparently close to 100\% trivalently bonded carbon in the walls of this very porous carbon. We have learned in one set of experiments, as published in Energy and Environmental Science, that doping with N atoms can increase the EDLC, which we suggest could be a consequence of limiting quantum capacitance in the all-carbon analogue. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 8:36AM - 9:12AM |
S23.00002: Nanocellulose as Material Building Block for Energy and Flexible Electronics Invited Speaker: Liangbing Hu In this talk, I will discuss the fabrications, properties and device applications of functional nanostructured paper based on nanocellulose. Nanostructures with tunable optical, electrical, ionic and mechanical properties will be discussed. Lab-scale demonstration devices, including low-cost Na-ion batteries, microbial fuel cells, solar cells, transparent transistors, actuators and touch screens will be briefly mentioned. These studies show that nanocellulose is a promising green material for electronics and energy devices. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 9:12AM - 9:48AM |
S23.00003: Directed Self-Assembly of III-V Semiconductor Nanowire and 2D Atomic Crystal Nanosheet Arrays for Advanced Nanoelectronic Devices Invited Speaker: Theresa Mayer A variety of advanced materials and structures are being explored for next-generation ultra-low-power nanoelectronic devices to augment the capabilities provided by Si-based complementary logic. Interband tunneling field effect (TFET) transistors are particularly attractive because of their sub-60 mV/dec subthreshold swing (SS) and high current drive capabilities. This talk will provide an overview of recent progress to integrate abrupt, axially doped InGaAs nanowire TFET arrays and 2D atomic crystal nanosheets onto Si substrates using electric-field directed self-assembly. This strategy has enabled fabrication of the first lateral p$^{\mathrm{+}}$-i-n$^{\mathrm{+}}$ InGaAs nanowire TFETs with up to ten parallel aligned wires to study the effect of aggressive scaling on device figures of merit. Arrays of micron-scale, few-layer 2D layered group IV-monochalcogenide and transition metal dichalcogenide crystals are also being assembled for subsequent Hall and field-effect mobility measurements. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 9:48AM - 10:24AM |
S23.00004: Materials 3.0 - Nanomaterials and The Next Revolution in Materials Invited Speaker: Sadasivan Shankar Materials have played a central role during all advances in human civilization as far back as recorded histories exist. It is possible to characterize the application of materials in technologies as three distinct eras. In the first era, during the industrial revolution materials were mainly used for structural and functional applications. In the second era which includes the information technology revolution, material properties were exploited by integrating them in structures and combining different materials in a systematic manner. In the next era, we indicate that materials application will enter the next era in which size will be used to design materials with targeted properties. In this, for the advent of so-called ``smart'' materials, nano dimensions (between atomic and macrostructures) where both properties and synthesis will lead to may new applications, where differences between devices and materials will disappear. ``Nanomaterials'' will have newer properties because of many new phases the ability to manufacture the using nanotechnology. However, this will also pose challenges in terms of modeling and characterization given the complex nature of the materials and also due to increasing effects of interfaces of these materials. We will outline with examples from multiple industries. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 10:24AM - 11:00AM |
S23.00005: How Events at the Nano/Bio Interface Determine Good and Adverse Biological Outcomes Invited Speaker: Andre Nel We have come to recognize that much of biology is executed at the nanoscale level, therefore providing a rational approach to using discovery about the structure and function of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at the nano/bio interface for interrogation of disease, diagnosis, treatment, and imaging at levels of sophistication not possible before. Moreover, the behavior of ENM's at the nano/bio interface also constitutes the basis for hazard generation and is therefore key for understanding the safety assessment and safer design of nanomaterials. In this overview, I will discuss how discovery at the molecular, cellular, organ and systemic nano/bio interfaces has helped us to make progress in the fields of nanomedicine and nanotoxicology. I will explain how the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials relate to nanoscale interactions at the membrane, intracellular organelles, tissues and organs in response to exposure to a variety of commercial ENMs as well as for therapeutic nanocarriers. I will delineate how the use of high throughput screening to establish structure-activity relationships can be used for the design of improved nanocarriers for cancer treatment as well as hazard and risk ranking of large categories of commercial ENMs on their way to the marketplace. [Preview Abstract] |
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