Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session B40: Invited Session: Quantum Foundations |
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Sponsoring Units: DCMP GQI Chair: Matt Leifer, Perimeter Institute Room: Mile High Ballroom 2B-3B |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
B40.00001: The resource theory of stabilizer computation Invited Speaker: Joseph Emerson |
Monday, March 3, 2014 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
B40.00002: Quantum thermodynamics Invited Speaker: Jonathan Oppenheim |
Monday, March 3, 2014 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
B40.00003: The ubit model in real-amplitude quantum theory Invited Speaker: William Wootters The logical structure of quantum theory is unchanged if we replace the usual complex probability amplitudes with real amplitudes, but the physics is in general quite different. Here we consider a specific model within real-amplitude quantum theory in which a hypothetical binary quantum system, the ubit, substitutes for the complex phase factors of the standard theory. In a certain limit, this model yields an effective theory that looks very much like ordinary quantum theory, but it differs in that it exhibits spontaneous decoherence of isolated systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
B40.00004: Universal Uncertainty Relations Invited Speaker: Gilad Gour Uncertainty relations are a distinctive characteristic of quantum theory that imposes intrinsic limitations on the precision with which physical properties can be simultaneously determined. The modern work on uncertainty relations employs entropic measures to quantify the lack of knowledge associated with measuring non-commuting observables. However, I will show here that there is no fundamental reason for using entropies as quantifiers; in fact, any functional relation that characterizes the uncertainty of the measurement outcomes can be used to define an uncertainty relation. Starting from a simple assumption that any measure of uncertainty is non-decreasing under mere relabeling of the measurement outcomes, I will show that Schur-concave functions are the most general uncertainty quantifiers. I will then introduce a novel fine-grained uncertainty relation written in terms of a majorization relation, which generates an infinite family of distinct scalar uncertainty relations via the application of arbitrary measures of uncertainty. This infinite family of uncertainty relations includes all the known entropic uncertainty relations, but is not limited to them. In this sense, the relation is universally valid and captures the essence of the uncertainty principle in quantum theory. This talk is based on a joint work with Shmuel Friedland and Vlad Gheorghiu. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, March 3, 2014 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
B40.00005: Bell's theorem on arbitrary causal structures Invited Speaker: Tobias Fritz Bell's theorem is a gedankenexperiment with an underlying causal structure in the form of the letter ``M.'' I will describe how such a Bell scenario is a special case of a vastly larger class of scenarios, in which the causal structure of the ``M'' is replaced by an arbitrary directed acyclic graph (or, equivalently, by a causal set). In this formalism, the apparent difference between the notions of ``choice of setting,'' ``source,'' and ``measurement'' disappears completely and all of these become special cases of the general notion of ``event.'' I will explain how this relieves Bell's theorem of the philosophical baggage associated with free will and also present several mathematical results about these more general scenarios obtained by various people. This formalism is expected to have applications in many other areas of science: it is relevant whenever a system is probed at certain points in space and time, and at each of these points there may be hidden information not observed by the probes. [Preview Abstract] |
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