Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session Q40: Invited Session: Cell Motility in Three-Dimensions |
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Sponsoring Units: DBIO DFD Chair: Moumita Das, Rochester Institute of Technology Room: Mile High Ballroom 2B-3B |
Wednesday, March 5, 2014 2:30PM - 3:06PM |
Q40.00001: Force Fluctuations within Focal Adhesions Mediate ECM-Rigidity Sensing to Guide Directed Cell Migration Invited Speaker: Clare Waterman |
Wednesday, March 5, 2014 3:06PM - 3:42PM |
Q40.00002: Cancer Cell Migration in 3D Invited Speaker: Denis Wirtz Two-dimensional (2D) \textit{in vitro} culture systems have for a number of years provided a controlled and versatile environment for mechanistic studies of cell adhesion, polarization, and migration, three interrelated cell functions critical to cancer metastasis. However, the organization and functions of focal adhesion proteins, protrusion machinery, and microtubule-based polarization in cells embedded in physiologically more relevant 3D extracellular matrices is qualitatively different from their organization and functions on conventional 2D planar substrates. This talk will describe the implications of the dependence of focal adhesion protein-based cell migration on micro-environmental dimensionality (1D vs. 2D vs.. 3D), how cell micromechanics plays a critical role in promoting local cell invasion, and associated validation in mouse models. We will discuss the implications of this work in cancer metastasis. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 5, 2014 3:42PM - 4:18PM |
Q40.00003: Single Cell Traction Microscopy within 3D Collagen Matrices Invited Speaker: Mingming Wu Mechanical interaction between the cell and its extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cellular behaviors, including proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and migration. Cells require the three dimensional (3D) architectural support of the ECM to perform physiologically realistic functions. However, our current understanding of cell-ECM and cell-cell mechanical interactions is largely derived from 2D traction force microscopy, in which cells are cultured on a flat substrate. It is now clear that what we learn about cellular behavior on a 2D substrate does not always apply to cells embedded within a 3D biomatrix. 3D traction microscopy is emerging for mapping traction fields of single cells embedded in 3D gel, but current methods cannot account for the fibrous and nonlinear properties of collagen gel. In this talk, I will present a forward computation algorithm that we have developed for 3D cell traction measurements within collagen gels. The application of this technology to understanding cancer migration and invasion will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 5, 2014 4:18PM - 4:54PM |
Q40.00004: Modeling cell migration on filamentous tracks in 3D Invited Speaker: J.M. Schwarz Cell motility is integral to a number of physiological processes ranging from wound healing to immune response to cancer metastasis. Many studies of cell migration, both experimental and theoretical, have addressed various aspects of it in two dimensions, including protrusion and retraction at the level of single cells. However, the {\it in vivo} environment for a crawling cell is typically a three-dimensional environment, consisting of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and surrounding cells. Recent experiments demonstrate that some cells crawling along fibers of the ECM mimic the geometry of the fibers to become long and thin, as opposed to fan-like in two dimensions, and can remodel the ECM. Inspired by these experiments, a model cell consisting of beads and springs that moves along a tense semiflexible filamentous track is constructed and studied, paying particular attention to the mechanical feedback between the model cell and the track, as mediated by the active myosin-driven contractility and the catch/slip bond behavior of the focal adhesions, as the model cell crawls. This simple construction can then be scaled up to a model cell moving along a three-dimensional filamentous network, with a prescribed microenvironment, in order to make predictions for proposed experiments. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 5, 2014 4:54PM - 5:30PM |
Q40.00005: Tumor cell migration is a superstatistical process Invited Speaker: Ben Fabry Over short time scales, cell migration can be well described as a homogeneous correlated random walk with a fixed average step length and a certain degree of directional persistence. On time scales of up to 24 h, however, the migration process is highly inhomogeneous. Superstatistical fluctuations of step length and directional persistence lead to ``anomalous'' features, such as an exponential step width distribution (SWD) and a superdiffusive mean squared displacement (MSD). These features are quantitatively reproduced by a correlated random walk with temporally varying persistence. By comparing cell migration on planar substrates and in a 3D collagen matrix, we demonstrate that the globally averaged MSD and SWD are not sensitive to the microscopic migration mechanism of the cells and can therefore yield identical results in these different environments. By contrast, the temporal fluctuations of step length and directional persistence, and their mutual correlations, provide a characteristic fingerprint of the migration process in different environments. [Preview Abstract] |
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