Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2014
Volume 59, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 3–7, 2014; Denver, Colorado
Session T32: Invited Session: Synthetic Matter with Long-Range Interactions |
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Sponsoring Units: DAMOP Chair: John Bollinger, NIST--Boulder Room: 708-712 |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
T32.00001: Rydberg atoms in optical lattices Invited Speaker: Thomas Pohl By virtue of their large polarizability, ultracold Rydberg atoms provide a promising route for realizing long-range interacting quantum systems offering a high degree of control via external fields. In this talk, I will outline several scenarios for introducing different types of long-range interactions in optical lattices by exploiting the strong van der Waals level-shifts of highly excited Rydberg states. Particular excitation schemes are shown to yield various spin models, which feature interesting phases determined by the coherent optical drive and/or dissipative processes. Finally, I will consider the utility of virtual Rydberg excitation for realising yet another type of long-range interactions and discuss its prospects for the controlled generation of entangled states and the implementation of extended Bose-Hubbard models with nonlinear tunneling terms. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 11:51AM - 12:27PM |
T32.00002: Few-Body and Many-Body Quantum Optics in Rydberg Media Invited Speaker: Alexey Gorshkov We theoretically describe the propagation of quantized light under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in systems involving Rydberg states. In these systems, EIT enables the mapping of strong interactions between Rydberg atoms onto strong interactions between photons. We show how to make photons massive and how to introduce attractive, repulsive, and dissipative interactions between them. We also find and study the propagation of solitonic bound states of photons in such a medium. Finally, we determine the peculiar spatiotemporal structure of the output of two complementary Rydberg-EIT-based light-processing modules: the recently demonstrated single-photon filter and the recently proposed single-photon subtractor, which, respectively, let through and absorb a single photon. Our approach paves the way for the generation of a variety of nonclassical states of light, the implementation of photon-photon quantum gates, and the study of many-body phenomena with strongly correlated photons. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 12:27PM - 1:03PM |
T32.00003: Time crystal and non-equilibrium dynamics with trapped ions Invited Speaker: Luming Duan After a brief review and discussion of the concept of the time crystal, I will show how to use trapped ions in a ring trap under a transverse magnetic field to realize a finite-size space-time crystal, which automatically rotates in its ground state [1]. I will also discuss how to use the trapped ion system to observe non-equilibrium spin dynamics and dynamical phase transitions [2]. In particualr, we show that one can observe a transition from prethermalization to thermalization under realistic experimental configurations through tuning of the effective interaction range. \\[4pt] [1] Tongcang Li, Zhe-Xuan Gong, Zhang-Qi Yin, H. T. Quan, Xiaobo Yin, Peng Zhang, L.-M. Duan, Xiang Zhang, Space-time crystals of trapped ions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 163001 (2012).\newline [2] Zhe-Xuan Gong, L.-M. Duan, Prethermalization and dynamical transition in an isolated trapped ion spin chain, New J. Phys. 15 113051 (2013). [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
T32.00004: Entanglement growth and quench dynamics with trapped ions Invited Speaker: Andrew Daley In recent years, a lot of progress has been made in exploring and understanding out of equilibrium dynamics of many-body quantum systems. This has been strongly motivated by the development of highly-controllable systems in experiments, where the microscopic parameters can be varied time-dependently and the resulting dynamics directly observed. One interesting feature that can be studied in this context is the behaviour of bipartite entanglement during such dynamics, which provides both insight into the underlying microscopic processes and information about the complexity of the resulting quantum states. A new set of possibilities for exploring both equilibrium and out of equilibrium dynamics has recently been provided by chains of trapped ions - in particular, the possibility to engineer spin models with a tunable range of spin-spin interactions along the chain. We explore the non-equilibrium coherent dynamics after a quantum quench in these systems, identifying qualitatively different behaviour as the exponent $\alpha$ of algebraically decaying spin-spin interactions in a transversing Ising chain is varied. Computing the build-up of bipartite entanglement as well as mutual information between distant spins, we show that interactions with $\alpha>1$ lead to linear growth of bipartite entanglement in time, with the maximum rate of growth occurring when the Hamiltonian parameters match those for the quantum phase transition in this model. For $\alpha<1$, the behaviour is qualitatively different, and for large parameter regimes, the growth of bipartite entanglement is counterintuitively only logarithmic, i.e., substantially slower than shorter range interactions. We show that these results are directly observable in experiments, and discuss the implications for the generation of large scale entanglement in these systems with a scaling that can render existing classical simulations inefficient. [Preview Abstract] |
Thursday, March 6, 2014 1:39PM - 2:15PM |
T32.00005: Recent progress in quantum simulation with trapped ions Invited Speaker: James Freericks Quantum emulation of the transverse field Ising model has made significant progress recently. Ions are placed in a trap and then have an optical spin-dependent force applied to them which generates an effective spin-spin interaction between the different ions. The spin-spin interaction is long range, with a power law that can be continuously adjusted from the uniform case (power law zero) to the dipole-dipole case (power law three). I will begin with a discussion of the experimental results from the Monroe group on examining the antiferromagnetic case in a linear Paul trap with up to 16 spins [1]. Next, I will discuss the progress from the Bollinger group on examining the ferromagnetic spin-spin interactions between about 300 spins in a rotating Penning trap [2]. Both of these experiments show the challenge with scaling up these systems to large sizes, namely that it is difficult to maintain the adiabaticity condition due to experimental limitations on the coherence of the system (primarily from spontaneous emission). The diabatic evolution presents a new opportunity in determining the excitation energies of the spin systems via spectroscopic techniques. Advanced signal processing techniques that employ compressive sensing are needed to efficiently process such data. I will discuss the feasibility of such analyses for future experiments. \\[4pt] [1] R. Islam, et al., Science 340, 583 (2013). Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1232296\\[0pt] [2] Joseph W. Britton, et al., Nature 484, 489 (2012). Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10981 [Preview Abstract] |
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