Hybrid graphene nanoribbon-nanopore devices for biomolecule detection and DNA sequencing*

We present a study of hybrid graphene nanoribbon-nanopore devices for biomolecule detection and ultimately DNA sequencing. We realized back or side gated devices comprised of nanopores(2$-$10 nm) at the edge or in the center of GNRs with widths of 5-200nm, on SiNx membranes. Electron beam-induced irradiation effects[1] are studied by in situ conductance measurements during nanopore formation inside a 200kV transmission electron microscope (TEM) for different doping levels. Bases on our findings we devise a scanning TEM procedure which prevent the GNR electron induced damage, enabling sensitive biosensors. We finally present the operation of this sensor for biomolecule detection and DNA sequencing. The higher current ($\mu $A) driven through a GNR compared to the ionic current(nA) in nanopore devices leads to a hundredfold increase in the measuring bandwidth(10-100MHz), possibly enabling DNA sequencing without slowing the molecules. [1] Towards sensitive graphene nanoribbon-nanopore devices by preventing electron beam induced damage. M. Puster, J. A. Rodriguez- Manzo, A. Balan, M. Drndic. ACS Nano,10.1021/nn405112m.