Bulletin of the American Physical Society
APS March Meeting 2013
Volume 58, Number 1
Monday–Friday, March 18–22, 2013; Baltimore, Maryland
Session N27: Focus Session: Nano/Optomechanics II |
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Chair: Michael Metcalfe, Booz Allen Hamilton Room: 329 |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:15AM - 11:51AM |
N27.00001: On-chip cavity quantum phonodynamics: spin qubits and nano/optomechanics Invited Speaker: Charles Tahan Sound can be just as quantum as light. But our toolbox for single quanta of sound, i.e. phonons, is currently insufficient. Here we propose a new component that enables a chip-based, solid-state analogue of cavity-QED utilizing acoustic phonons instead of photons. We show how long-lived and tunable acceptor impurity states in silicon nanomechanical cavities can play the role of a matter non-linearity for coherent phonons just as, for example, the Josephson qubit plays in circuit-QED. Both strong coupling (number of coherent Rabi oscillations of approximately 100) and strong dispersive coupling (0.1-2 MHz) can be reached in the 1-20 GHz frequency range, making the system compatible with existing high-Q, nanomechanical resonators. We give explicit experimental signatures and measurement protocols of the acceptor-cavity system via a phonon probe. This system enables the control of single phonons and phonon-phonon interactions, dispersive phonon readout of the acceptor qubit, and compatibility with other nano/optomechanical components such as phonon-photon translators. (This work in collaboration with Rusko Ruskov, LPS; work with Oney Soykal, LPS, will also be discussed.) [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 11:51AM - 12:03PM |
N27.00002: Cavity optomechanics in the quantum regime Amir H. Safavi-Naeini, Simon Groeblacher, Jeff Hill, Jasper Chan, Oskar Painter We use coherent laser light to address the mechanical degrees of freedom of engineered nanostructures with record high efficiency. With sufficient cryogenic precooling, the effects of the quantum optical shot-noise coupled onto the mechanics, and its modification by the mechanical susceptibility can be probed. In this talk we present our recent experiments studying the quantum properties of such systems. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:03PM - 12:15PM |
N27.00003: Silicon Integrated Cavity Optomechanical Transducer Jie Zou, Houxun Miao, Thomas Michels, Yuxiang Liu, Kartik Srinivasan, Vladimir Aksyuk Cavity optomechanics enables measurements of mechanical motion at the fundamental limits of precision imposed by quantum mechanics. However, the need to align and couple devices to off-chip optical components hinders development, miniaturization and broader application of ultrahigh sensitivity chip-scale optomechanical transducers. Here we demonstrate a fully integrated and optical fiber pigtailed optomechanical transducer with a high Q silicon micro-disk cavity near-field coupled to a nanoscale cantilever. We detect~the motion of the cantilever by measuring the resonant frequency shift of the~whispering~gallery mode of the micro-disk. The sensitivity near the standard quantum limit can be reached with sub-uW optical power. Our on-chip approach combines compactness and stability with great design flexibility: the geometry of the micro-disk and cantilever can be~tailored to~optimize the mechanical/optical Q factors and~tune the mechanical frequency over two orders of magnitudes. Electrical transduction in addition to optical transduction was also demonstrated and both can be used to effectively cool the cantilever. Moreover, cantilevers with sharp tips overhanging the chip edge were fabricated to potentially allow the mechanical cantilever to be coupled to a wide range of off-chip systems, such as spins, DNA, nanostructures and atoms on clean surfaces.~ [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:15PM - 12:27PM |
N27.00004: Developement of an optomechanical device for microwave to telecom wavelength quantum state transfer J.M. Fink, A. Pitanti, C.U. Lei, J.T. Hill, A.H. Safavi-Naeini, O. Painter A promising hardware platform for quantum computers is based on solid-state superconducting circuits which offer fast processing times and scalability. Circuit QED systems can however only operate in ultra-cold environments where thermal noise and resistive losses are negligible. We are working on an integrated optomechanical microwave-photonic device which has the potential to efficiently convert microwave excitations to telecom wavelength photons. Such a device would put within reach the realization of hybrid and long distance quantum communication networks. We have designed and fabricated slot mode photonic crystal cavities which share a mechanical mode with the capacitance of a lumped element microwave resonator. A continuously pumped state transfer protocol should enable efficient wavelength conversion even in the absence of strong optomechanical and electromechanical coupling [1] and has recently been demonstrated within the optical domain [2]. We will present our latest progress with the design, fabrication and characterization of our electro-optomechanical wavelength conversion device.\\[4pt] [1] A.~H.~Safavi-Naeini and O.~Painter, New J.~Phys.~13, 013017 (2011)\\[0pt] [2] J.~T.~Hill, A.~H.~Safavi-Naeini, J.~Chan and O.~Painter, arXiv:1206.0704 [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:27PM - 12:39PM |
N27.00005: Optomechanical effects of two-level states in electromechanical devices Junho Suh, Aaron Weinstein, Keith Schwab It is now clearly established that the presence of two-level states can act as a power-dependent dielectric and lead to non-linear response of lithographic superconducting circuits. We observe these effects in a parametrically coupled, superconducting electro-mechanical system. In this case, the driven two-level states shift the microwave resonance frequency, and modulate the mechanical resonance through the optical spring effect. When pumping with two tones to realize a back-action evading measurement, these effects produce mechanical frequency modulation at twice the mechanical resonance, leading to a parametric instability for strong drives sufficient to produce a single quadrature measurement near the zero-point level. We also discuss schemes to avoid these effects in future devices. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:39PM - 12:51PM |
N27.00006: Diamond mechanical resonators for strain coupling to nitrogen-vacancy centers Preeti Ovartchaiyapong, Laetitia Pascal, Kenneth Lee, Bryan Myers, Ania Bleszynski Jayich The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is promising for applications in quantum information and quantum assisted sensing. We have fabricated NV-containing single-crystal diamond mechanical resonators that exhibit high quality factors in excess of 300,000. These structures provide a highly controlled platform for investigating the effect of strain on the NV. The strain is calculated from the mode shape of a driven resonator and we correlate the strain to the measured energy level shift. Understanding the strain coupling is an important step toward NV center spin manipulation using local strain fields as an alternative to external magnetic and electric fields. Furthermore, such a mechanical-spin interface could enable mechanical control of spin states as well as provide a hybrid approach to a scalable quantum network. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 12:51PM - 1:03PM |
N27.00007: Two-mode back-action-evading measurements in cavity optomechanics Matthew Woolley, Aashish Clerk The field of cavity optomechanics aims to achieve the quantum measurement and control of macroscopic mechanical resonators via coupled, cavity-enhanced electromagnetic fields. Here, we study a system composed of two mechanical oscillators independently coupled to a common electromagnetic cavity mode. By driving the cavity at frequencies both above and below the cavity resonance frequency, with a detuning equal to the average of the two mechanical oscillator frequencies, it is possible to couple a quadrature of the cavity mode to a joint quadrature of the two mechanical modes. This allows a back-action-evading measurement of the joint quadrature of the mechanical oscillators to be performed. If the output of the coupled cavity is continuously monitored, in the regime where the effective joint oscillator frequency greatly exceeds the average damping rate of the mechanical oscillators, it is possible to conditionally generate an all-mechanical, entangled two-mode squeezed state. This conditional entanglement may be verified from the measurement record, and converted to unconditional squeezing via the application of feedback. The same system may be employed for force sensing beyond the standard quantum limit. The experimental prospects for such a system are considered. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:03PM - 1:39PM |
N27.00008: Prospects for coupling Surface Acoustic Waves to superconducting qubits Invited Speaker: Martin Gustafsson Recent years have seen great development in the quantum control of mechanical resonators. These usually consist of membranes, cantilevers or suspended beams, whose vibrational modes can be cooled to the quantum ground state. This presentation will focus on a different kind of micromechanical system, where the motion is not confined to a mode with fixed boundaries, but propagates along the surface of a microchip. These modes are known as Surface Acoustic Waves (SAWs), and superficially resemble ripples on water, moving with low loss along the surfaces of solids. On a piezoelectric substrate, electrode gratings known as Interdigital Transducers (IDTs) can be used to convert power between the electric and acoustic domains. Devices based on this effect are of profound technological importance as filters and analog signal processors in the RF domain. In the realm of quantum information processing, SAWs have primarily been used to transport carriers and excitons through piezoelectric semiconductors, in the electric potential wells propagating along with the mechanical wave. Our approach, however, is different in that we aim to explore the mechanical wave itself as a carrier of quantum information. We have previously shown that a single-electron transistor can be used as a local probe for SAWs, with encouraging sensitivity levels. Building on this, we now investigate the prospects for coupling a SAW beam directly to a superconducting qubit. By merging a circuit model for an IDT with a quasi-classical description of a transmon qubit, we estimate that the qubit can couple to an acoustic transmission line with approximately the same strength as to an electrical one. This type of coupling opens for acoustic analogs of recent experiments in microwave quantum optics, including the generation of non-classical acoustic states. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:39PM - 1:51PM |
N27.00009: Nanoscale Torsional Optomechanics Paul H. Kim, Callum Doolin, Bradley D. Hauer, Allison J. R. MacDonald, Mark R. Freeman, Paul E. Barclay, John P. Davis Torsional resonators, which can be designed to measure torques with high sensitivity, have been an effective tool to study magnetism, gravity, and various material and optical properties. Taking advantage of improved micro-fabrication techniques, these torque sensors are now pushing the limit in terms of size - scaling all the way down to the nanoscale regime - and therefore must be equipped with sensitive mechanical transduction schemes. Here we present a method for measuring torques as little as 4 $\times 10^{20} N$m, using optomechanics. Recently optomechanics has been revealed as a reliable method for mechanical transduction, with higher sensitivity than previously possible. This sensitivity of the optomechanical system comes from the evanescent coupling between a high quality factor optical resonator and the mechanical device, and is fully integratable on a chip using the silicon-on-insulator platform. We present our first generation torsional optomechanics, using a dimpled optical fiber system for measurement, with a calibrated sensitivity down to 7 fm/$\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$. This torsional optomechanical platform will now serve as a basis for further experiments to explore new physics and technology, in particular quantum resonators at low temperatures. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 1:51PM - 2:03PM |
N27.00010: Beating the standard quantum limit for force sensing with a coupled two-mode optomechanical system Xunnong Xu, Jacob M. Taylor The scheme of optomechanical sensing of weak forces with a coupled two-mode cavity is presented. We consider the mirror-in-the-middle setup and use the two coupled cavity modes originated from normal mode splitting as pump and probe to realize force detection. We find that this two-mode model can be reduced to an effective single-mode model, if we drive the pump mode strongly and detect the signal from the weak probe mode. The optimal force detection sensitivity at zero frequency (DC) is calculated and we show that we would be able to beat the standard quantum limit by detuning the cavity far away from resonance. Furthermore, we find that the laser input power requirement will depend linearly on the cavity detuning, if the cavity mode coupling is close to cavity detuning, which is a great advantage over conventional single-mode force sensing scheme where the laser power has a cubic dependence on the cavity detuning. [Preview Abstract] |
Wednesday, March 20, 2013 2:03PM - 2:15PM |
N27.00011: ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN |
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