The Structure of High Polarization Surface of the Antiferromagnet Cr$_{2}$O$_{3}$

Manipulation of magnetically ordered states by electrical means is among the most promising approaches towards novel spintronic devices. Electric control of the exchange bias can be realized when the passive antiferromagnetic pinning layer is replaced by a magneto-electric antiferromagnet, like the prototypical magneto-electric Cr$_{2}$O$_{3}$(0001), so long as there is also a finite remanent magnetization at the surface or boundary. We have demonstrated that a very unusual high polarization surface magnetic order exists at the surface of the Cr2O3 (0001) surface and is robust against surface roughness from spin polarized inverse photoemission, and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We have also performed LEED (low energy electron diffraction) I(V) analysis to explore the surface structure above and below Neel Temperature (308 K). Temperature dependent LEED was also carried out at several different electron kinetic energies and Debye temperature was extracted. The surface and bulk Debye temperatures were obtained by fitting Debye temperature as a function of electron kinetic energy.