Bulletin of the American Physical Society
6th Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Sunday–Friday, November 26–December 1 2023; Hawaii, the Big Island
Session F12: Minisymposium: Low Energy Neutrinos IV: Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering |
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Chair: Diana Parno, Carnegie Mellon University Room: Hilton Waikoloa Village Kona 5 |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 9:00AM - 9:30AM |
F12.00001: Measuring coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering with COHERENT Invited Speaker: Janina D Hakenmueller The COHERENT experiment measures coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (CEvNS) with a multitude of different detection technologies at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). Neutrinos generated by the SNS have an energy below 50 MeV, enabling coherent neutral current interactions in which the neutrino interacts with the nucleus as a whole. These elastic interactions result in nuclear recoils measurable with low-threshold detectors. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 9:30AM - 9:45AM |
F12.00002: Status and Results for COHERENT’s CEvNS Measurement using Germanium JAMES L BROWNING The COHERENT collaboration operates an array of detectors at the ORNL Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) to measure coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS). COHERENT made the first two measurements of CEvNS in 2017 and 2020 with cesium iodide and argon detector systems respectively. COHERENT has deployed Ge-mini, a new germanium detector system, that will continue our measurements of CEvNS cross section in different nuclei targets. This detector system will have the lowest energy threshold of any CEvNS detection so far with a medium number of neutrons. Ge-mini uses a set of inverted coaxial p-type point contact germanium detectors which have been characterized to assess their performance and capability of measuring CEvNS. This talk will present an overview of our detector-systems performance, and the current status of our CEvNS data taking from the Summer 2023 SNS beam period. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 9:45AM - 10:00AM |
F12.00003: Sensitivity Studies and Experimental Reach for Ge-mini, a COHERENT CEvNS Detector Emma E van Nieuwenhuizen Ge-mini is a germanium detector subsystem, part of the COHERENT Experiment at Oak Ridge National Lab. Using stopped-pion neutrinos from the Spallation Neutron Source, this ~16 kg array of Ge detectors searches for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on germanium. The low threshold and ultra-low noise nature of the germanium detectors allows for further studies in nuclear physics and physics beyond the standard model, such as measures of neutron skin depth and non-standard neutrino interactions. The expected experimental sensitivity for a CEvNS measurement will be presented, as well as the full experimental reach for Ge-mini's planned exposure and future mass upgrades. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 10:00AM - 10:15AM |
F12.00004: Measurement of electron-neutrino charged-current interactions on 127I with the COHERENT NaIvE detector Samuel C Hedges The COHERENT collaboration's NaI Neutrino Experiment (NaIvE) has been measuring electron-neutrino charged-current interactions on 127I (veCC-127I) at the Spallation Neutron Source since 2016. Using 185-kg of NaI[Tl] scintillator, COHERENT has observed evidence of veCC-127I interactions at 5.8 sigma, measuring the inclusive cross section in addition to exclusive cross sections associated with 0 and ≥1 neutron emission. The collaboration has compared its measurement with predictions generated by the MARLEY event generator using experimentally measured B(GT) distributions, and observes a significant suppression in its measurement compared with theory. This measurement adds to the limited existing data set of low-energy inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, and furthers the understanding of neutrino-nucleus interactions at energies relevant for solar and supernova neutrino detection. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 10:15AM - 10:30AM |
F12.00005: Status of COHERENT multi-ton, NaI detector array, NaIvETe Diane M Markoff, Adryanna Major The suite of detectors in the COHERENT experimental program are designed for low-threshold measurements of low-energy recoil signals from Coherent Elastic Neutrino (ν) Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS). The goal is to measure CEvNS on a range of nuclei to investigate the Standard Model prediction of the cross-section dependence on neutron number squared that puts limits on non-standard interactions. In addition, CEvNS plays an important role in supernova dynamics. The multi-ton NaI neutrino detector, NaIvETe, provides the smallest neutron number target material in COHERENT, Na-23 and an opportunity for a measurement on I-127, separate from previous CsI results. The first of 5 detector modules was deployed in summer 2022 at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), where neutrinos are produced as a byproduct of the spallation process. Two detector modules were deployed in summer 2023 with all three measuring the low-energy CEvNS signal from scattering on Na. The NaIvETe detector is designed to simultaneously measure inelastic, charged-current (CC) signals from scattering on I-127, which depends on the gA coupling at momentum transfer of interest to neutrino-less double beta decay calculations. Recent results from the COHERENT 185 kg NaI detector indicate a cross section that is less than theoretical predictions. Initial analysis of low-energy signals and plans for the last two modules will be presented including preparation for measuring the high-energy, CC signals. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 10:30AM - 10:45AM |
F12.00006: An overview of Cryogenic CsI — a future COHERENT detector Keyu Ding COHERENT collaboration is the first that observed Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatter (CEvNS) events in 2017. A 14.6 kg doped CsI at room temperature was placed 20 meters away from the 1.4 MW Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The SNS pulsed proton beam provides a uniquely high background rejection and high-intensity neutrino source. CryoCsI is a cryogenic CsI scintillating detector, which potentially has a much lower energy threshold down to 0.4 keVnr. Working with other COHERENT detectors, CryoCsI can produce world-leading sensitivities on broad physics topics, such as inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, searches for accelerator-produced dark matter (DM) and physics beyond the Standard Model. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 10:45AM - 11:00AM |
F12.00007: Response to nuclear recoils measurement of the undoped CsI at cryogenic temperature Yongjin Yang We report on a measurement of the response to nuclear recoils of undated CsI at 77K, inspired by the COHERENT collaboration's experience measuring CEvNS using CsI[Na]. A serious background limiting its sensitivity was the Cherenkov radiation emitted from the PMT quartz window by charged particles. A switch from PMTs to SiPM arrays can be used to eliminate this background since SiPM arrays do not have a quartz window. In order to reduce the high dark count rate of SiPMs at room temperature, they need to be cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The cryogenic operation calls for the switch from doped CsI crystals to undoped ones, since the latter at 40 Kelvin have about twice as high light yield as the former at 300 Kelvin. Before we start using the combination of CsI and SiPM we need to study the properties of csi at low temperature. The first step we have done is the response to nuclear recoils measurement of undoped CsI at 77 K. The Am241 source is used to measure the electron recoil energy. The neutron source form Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) is used to do the nuclear recoil energy measurement. The nuclear recoil energy range is 3.9-59.7keV. We will present the experiment and analysis details in the presentation. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 11:00AM - 11:15AM |
F12.00008: Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering detection at a reactor with RICOCHET Wouter Van De Pontseele The Ricochet experiment aims to detect coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) at the Institut Laue-Langevin nuclear reactor in Grenoble, France. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 11:15AM - 11:30AM |
F12.00009: A major background for CENNS measurements Anthony N Villano
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Thursday, November 30, 2023 11:30AM - 11:45AM |
F12.00010: First Search for Neutrino-Induced Nuclear Fission Tyler Johnson Over 50 years ago, it was predicted that it is possible to split an atom with a neutrino interaction, but there has never been a concerted experimental effort to confirm this phenomenon. The existence of this process would inform nuclear astrophysics, nuclear reactor monitoring and give a vantage into a process that bridges both the weak and strong fundamental interactions. This would add the neutrino to the selective group of particles confirmed to induce nuclear fission. To that end, the NuThor Detector was built in 2022 as a dedicated neutrino-induced nuclear fission (hereafter referred to as "nuFission") detector on thorium. The NuThor Detector hermetically seals 52.0 kgs of thorium metal inside a novel, custom-made neutron multiplicity meter built to efficiently capture and detect fission neutrons peeled off of the fissioned thorium nuclei. Said neutron multiplicity meter is composed of gadolinium-doped water to moderate and capture the aforementioned neutrons. Then an array of 7.7 kg NaI[Tl] scintillator crystals from the Homeland Security Advanced Portal Program are affixed all around the complex of thorium and Gd-Water to detect neutron-capture gamma rays. This entire apparatus is exposed to the intense neutrino flux of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The intense, pulsed neutrino source coupled with the NuThor apparatus presents a unique and promising opportunity to conclusively put this half century mystery of nuFission to rest. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 11:45AM - 12:00PM |
F12.00011: First Measurement of Double-Differential Charged Current νμ–Argon Scattering Cross Sections In Kinematic Imbalance Variables With The MicroBooNE Detector Afroditi Papadopoulou Making high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters requires an unprecedented understanding of neutrino-nucleus scattering. In this work, we present the first charged current double-differential cross sections in kinematic imbalance variables. These variables characterize the imbalance in the plane transverse to an incoming neutrino. We use events with a single muon above 100 MeV/c, a single final state proton above 300 MeV/c, and no recorded final state pions. Thus, these variables act as a direct probe of nuclear effects such as final state interactions, Fermi motion, and multi-nucleon processes. Our measurement allows us to constrain systematic uncertainties associated with neutrino oscillation results performed by near-future experiments of the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program, as well as by future large-scale experiments like DUNE. |
Thursday, November 30, 2023 12:00PM - 12:15PM |
F12.00012: Invariant amplitudes, unpolarized cross sections, and polarization asymmetries in neutrino-nucleon elastic scattering Oleksandr Tomalak, Kaushik Borah, Richard J Hill At leading order in weak and electromagnetic couplings, cross sections for (anti)neutrino-nucleon elastic scattering are determined by vector and axial-vector form factors. Radiative corrections in the Standard Model, and potential new physics contributions beyond the Standard Model, generate additional operators with corresponding invariant amplitudes. We provide the definition of these amplitudes and study constraints from existing experimental data. We explore the impact of modern and future cross-section measurements, considering both unpolarized and polarized observables, on constraining these amplitudes and discuss the effects of radiative corrections on the observables of interest. |
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