Bulletin of the American Physical Society
6th Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Sunday–Friday, November 26–December 1 2023; Hawaii, the Big Island
Session E02: Applications of Nuclear Physics II |
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Chair: Lee Bernstein, University of California, Berkeley Room: Hilton Waikoloa Village Kona 1 |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 7:00PM - 7:15PM |
E02.00001: R-Matrix analysis of the neutron-induced cross sections on 143Nd measured at LANSCE Esther Leal Cidoncha, Paul Koehler, Athanasios Stamatopoulos, John L Ullmann, Todd A Bredeweg, John M O'Donnell, Rene Reifarth, Robert S Rundberg, David J Vieira The R-Matrix code SAMMY [1] is being used to analyze the neutron-induced capture cross section and transmission data measured at LANSCE using the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) and the In-direct Capture Experiments on Radionuclides (DICER). One of the isotopes of interest in this project is 143Nd, which capture data measured with DANCE are being simultaneously analized with the previous transmission measurements [2] in order to understand how the new data impact the criticality benchmark discrepancies identified in [3]. The DANCE instrument provides information on the multiplicity of the γ-cascades allowing to calculate the spin of the resonances following the procedure from [4]. Therefore, the simultaneous analysis includes the total and single spin capture cross sections. New spin assignments are provided in this work compared to ENDF/B-VIII.0, where the spin assignment was performed randomly, leading to wrong results for resonances above 1.2 keV. The results and statistical calculations will be here presented and discussed. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 7:15PM - 7:30PM |
E02.00002: Astatine-211 Production at Texas A&M University Lauren McIntosh, Sherry J Yennello, Evgeny E Tereshatov, Gabriel Tabacaru In the past few years, TAMU has developed the capacity to produce, isolate, and ship astatine-211 for eventual preclinical studies of targeted alpha therapy for cancer treatment. This progress has involved beam development, radiation detection, and chemistry innovations for extraction and successful shipment. The necessary infrastructure, recent successes, and future directions for isotope production at TAMU will be discussed. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 7:30PM - 7:45PM |
E02.00003: The observation of the VUV signal from the isomeric state of 229 thorium nuclei toward realizing the atomic clock Koichi Okai, kjeld beeks, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Yuta Fukunaga, Ming Guan, Hiromitsu Haba, Takahiro Hiraki, Yoshitaka Kasamatsu, Shinji Kitao, Kenji Konashi, Takahiko Masuda, Nobumoto Nagasawa, Ryoichiro Ogake, Noboru Sasao, Fabian Schaden, Thorsten Schumm, Makoto Seto, Yudai Shigekawa, Kotaro Shimizu, Sayuri Takatori, Kenji Tamasaku, Satoshi Uetake, Makoto Watanabe, Tsukasa Watanabe, Rei Yamamoto, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Yoshitaka Yoda, Akihiro Yoshimi, Koji Yoshimura, Motohiko Yoshimura Toward the nuclear clock’s realization, the problem of ambiguity of isomeric energy and its lifetime must be overcome by experimental measurement of de-excitation from the isomeric state of thorium-229 nuclei with emitting photons. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 7:45PM - 8:00PM |
E02.00004: Extraction and trapping of 229mTh ions for measuring nuclear-decay half-lives of various ionic species of 229mTh and observing electronic bridge process Yudai Shigekawa, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Katsuyuki Tokoi, Nozomi Sato, Michiharu Wada, Hiromitsu Haba The first excited state of the 229Th nucleus, 229mTh, has a low excitation energy of 8.3 eV, which allows the variation of its decay mode (internal conversion (IC) [1], gamma-ray emission [2], and electronic bridge (EB)) depending on the chemical environment. The EB process, which is an exotic nuclear decay through the transition of an atomic electron, has never been observed thus far. The half-life of the EB process is expected to largely different from other decay modes; hence, we aim to measure the nuclear-decay half-lives of some candidates such as 229mTh+ and 229ThO2+ to find the EB process of 229mTh. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 8:00PM - 8:15PM |
E02.00005: Characterization of Thorium-229 Crystal towards Vacuum Ultraviolet Search from Nuclear Clock isomer Sayuri Takatori, kjeld beeks, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Yuta Fukunaga, Ming Guan, Hiromitsu Haba, Takahiro Hiraki, Yoshitaka Kasamatsu, Shinji Kitao, Kenji Konashi, Takahiko Masuda, Nobumoto Nagasawa, Ryoichiro Ogake, Koichi Okai, Noboru Sasao, Fabian Schaden, Thorsten Schumm, Makoto Seto, Yudai Shigekawa, Kotaro Shimizu, Kenji Tamasaku, Satoshi Uetake, Makoto Watanabe, Tsukasa Watanabe, Rei Yamamoto, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Yoshitaka Yoda, Akihiro Yoshimi, Koji Yoshimura, Motohiko Yoshimura Thorium-229 (229Th) is a nucleus that is excitable by laser light owing to its extremely low first excitation level of approximately 8 eV. It is expected to enable the realization of a nuclear clock using the unique nuclear transition of 229Th isomeric state. In particular, 'solid-state nuclear clocks' using 229Th-doped crystals enable the excitation of a large number of nuclei simultaneously and are expected to be applied in multiple fields such as fundamental physics and practical applications as stable clocks. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 8:15PM - 8:30PM |
E02.00006: Beta decay studies with ORNL Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer Krzysztof Piotr P Rykaczewski The Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer (MTAS) has been used for the studies of complex beta decay patterns of fission products since 2012 at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Within 2018 to 2021 period, MTAS was measuring beta-decays of 252Cf fission fragments at the CARIBU facility at Argonne National Laboratory. In 2022, MTAS was commissioned with the 82Se fragmentation beams at the Facility for Rare Isotopes Beams (FRIB). MTAS is a one ton array of 19 NaI(Tl) segments and auxiliary beta detectors including segmented silicon counters [1,2], and most recently the pixelized scintillator ion implantation-beta decay array for the fragmentation studies [3], now shielded with about 6 tons of lead. MTAS studies focused on the decay heat released from fission products abundant during the nuclear fuel cycle, via the reliable determination of the complete beta-decay patterns from measured gamma radiation. The corresponding anti-neutrino energy spectra were deduced and use to analyze the reactor anti-neutrino anomaly and related concepts of sterile neutrino. Selected earlier results [4,5] and the most recent ones [6,7,8,9] including an attempt to measure 55Ca decay with MTAS at FRIB, will be presented. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 8:30PM - 8:45PM |
E02.00007: Precise measurements of the γ-ray intensities following the β decay of long-lived fission products Nicholas Scielzo, Kay Kolos McCubbin, Daniel E Hoff, Wei Jia Ong, Mark A Stoyer, Anton P Tonchev, John C Hardy, Victor Iacob, Dan G Melconian, Jason A Clark, Daniel Santiago-Gonzalez, Guy Savard, Eric B Norman For national-security applications, such as stockpile stewardship and nuclear forensics, one of the most straightforward and reliable ways to determine the number of fissions that occurred in a chain reaction is to detect the emitted γ rays. The focus of this talk is on our team’s recent measurements to improve the nuclear-decay data needed for several key long-lived fission products. We present high-precision results for the absolute γ-ray emission intensities following the β decays of 144Ce, 147Nd, and 156Eu, reaching <1% precision for the highest-intensity transitions. Our approach consists of implanting fission-product samples into a thin carbon foil using low-energy mass-separated ion beams from the CARIBU facility and then performing β counting using a custom-made 4π gas proportional counter in coincidence with γ-ray spectroscopy using the precisely-calibrated HPGe detector at Texas A&M University. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 8:45PM - 9:00PM |
E02.00008: Langevin Compton imaging: a new method of radioactive imaging Yutaka Tsuzuki, Shiro Ikeda, Hiroki Yoneda, Tadayuki Takahashi We propose a new method of visualizing radioactive sources. Our new method, named the Langevin Compton imaging (LCI), is based on the Compton imaging, in which Compton scattering of incoming gamma-ray photons is employed. We emphasize that the method is a derivative of the Langevin dynamics, a class of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, where numerous images are sampled randomly with respect to a well-defined likelihood. The results suppose that the LCI is more precise than other point-estimation methods such as the list-mode maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (LMMLEM). Another plus is the estimation of the uncertainties of generated images. We conclude that the LCI is a method with great capabilities for various applications such as astrophysical observations, medical imaging, and radioactive contamination sensing. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 9:00PM - 9:15PM |
E02.00009: Development of a new imaging system by MuSR Takato Sugisaki, Kenji M Kojima, Mototsugu Mihara, Yoko Kimura, Yutaka Mizoi, Wataru Sato, Gen Takayama, Soshi Ishitani, Daiki Nishimura, Masaomi Tanaka, Gerald Morris, Bassam Hitti, Rahim Abasalti, Deepak Vyas, Donald Arseneau, Runa Yasuda, Mitsunori Fukuda The muon spin relaxation/rotation/resonance (MuSR) technique is one of the strongest methods to examine material characters and has been used for many years. We irradiate muon beams into a sample and detect positrons emitted from muon decays, and obtain information about the sample by utilizing the asymmetry of positrons. However, the detector set does not have spatial resolutions at all, so MuSR is not good for the research of samples made from many kinds of materials so far. Therefore, our group is trying to develop a new imaging technique as an extension of MuSR. So, we made a new detector set made of plastic scintillation fibers so that we can track back trajectories of each positron, identify where they come from in the sample, and analyze MuSR data at each position in it to make an image of it. |
Wednesday, November 29, 2023 9:15PM - 9:30PM |
E02.00010: Updates on Magnified imaging with cold neutrons using refractive optics Yoshihisa Iwashita, Yasuhiro Fuwa, Yasutoshi Kuriyama, Hirohiko M Shimizu, Masaaki Kitaguchi, Katsuya Hirota, Masako Yamada The modulating sextupole magnetic lens is a powerful device for utilizing the valuable neutrons produced by neutron sources. It can focus neutrons of a wide range of wavelengths in a pulsed neutron beam. Focusing is achieved by modulating the focusing intensity synchronously with the TOF information. Because refractive lenses have no neutron-scattering material in the bore and a straight optical axis, mechanical alignment is easier than with mirror systems, where the angular error of the downstream axis is twice the angular alignment error. The simple focusing principle of refractive lenses is well suited for neutron imaging using neutrons. A series of imaging experiments are currently planned at HUNS, Hokkaido University, and J-Parc MLF. The status of the project will be presented. |
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