Bulletin of the American Physical Society
6th Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Sunday–Friday, November 26–December 1 2023; Hawaii, the Big Island
Session C02: Applications of Nuclear Physics I |
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Chair: Nicolas Scielzo Room: Hilton Waikoloa Village Kona 1 |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 7:00PM - 7:15PM |
C02.00001: Microcalorimetry and Nuclear Data (MiND) Workshop Lee A Bernstein, Begona Aranguren-Barrado, Mark Croce, Geon-Bo A Kim, Joel Ullom, Andrew Voyles, Daniel Becker The U.S. Department of Energy Office of International Nuclear Safeguards hosted a workshop on microcalorimetry and nuclear data (MiND) in June 2023. The MiND workshop included participants from all these fields, with the main objective of identifying a roadmap for priority nuclear data, stakeholders, partnerships, and opportunities. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 7:15PM - 7:30PM |
C02.00002: Development of a position-sensitive muon detector for heritage science applications Michael Bowry The discovery of x rays in the 19th century transformed our view of the internal structure of objects. A similarly transformative tool is offered by muon radiography (muography) which uses naturally occurring muon particles (±µ, m(±µ) = 105.6 MeVc-2). Muons are produced by the bombardment of nuclei in the atmosphere by high-energy particles of astrophysical origin (‘cosmic rays’) and possess a potent penetrability in matter due to their high energy. Muography has found a diverse set of applications within security, nuclear safety and buildings archaeology. In particular, the detection of areas of low density within large stone buildings is well-suited to muography and can contribute to our understanding of built heritage when interpreted appropriately and combined with other remote-sensing technologies. The technique is also non-destructive. In transmission muography, image contrast is determined by the relative attenuation of muons in different materials while knowledge of the muon trajectory allows the target object to be resolved in 2 (and sometimes 3) dimensions. The design and intended application of a compact, portable muon detector at the University of the West of Scotland (UWS) will be discussed, including preliminary data from lab experiments examining the position sensitivity of scintillator detectors. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 7:30PM - 7:45PM |
C02.00003: Ink-Jet printing of actinide thin-film targets Noah Cabanas, Khachatur Manukyan, Stefania Dede, Jordan Roach, Ani Aprahamian Nuclear science can continue to benefit from techniques developed in material science, specifically in methods for the preparation of actinide thin-film targets. Previous work has successfully combined solution combustion synthesis (SCS) with electrospraying or spin coating to produce pure UO2 or ThO2 thin-film targets on various backings. My presentation will cover how these methods have been further utilized to produce uniformly mixed metal oxide targets of uranium and thorium for target-making and irradiation studies. In addition, I will cover preliminary work on the next stage of target development, ink-jet printing of thin films. Ink-jet printing will allow for the creation of targets with a well-defined morphology on any backings with near 100% utilization of starting materials. Continued advances in these methods will benefit the nuclear community allowing for unapparelled control in the target preparation of actinide materials. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 7:45PM - 8:00PM |
C02.00004: A coincident γ-γ and γ-X-ray decay database for spectroscopy applications Aaron M Hurst, Bruce D Pierson, Brian C Archambault, Lee A Bernstein, Speero M Tannous Current fieldable γ and X-ray spectroscopy techniques often use single detector systems. The sensitivity of single detectors is heavily reduced by partial energy deposition Compton interactions and overlapping interferences from intense background radiation fields. These effects reduce confidence in the accuracy and interpretation of the measured spectra. Coincidence techniques drastically improve the fidelity and confidence of in-field measurements providing precise isotopic identification and reduced background. Hitherto, however, no comprehensive database exists containing the coincident γ-γ and γ-X-ray data necessary to perform isotopic quantification. We have developed software to parse all decay datasets from the ENSDF archive to enable translation into a JSON format that is more suitable for modern computational technologies. Approximately 3200 decay datasets have been translated and, from all those datasets containing γ-ray information, we have deduced the corresponding set of γ-γ and γ-X-ray energies and intensities on an absolute scale for all coincidence pairs [1]. Furthermore, our database also permits query-based manipulation of the information in the original ENSDF-decay datasets. An overview of the database and software developed to interact with the new JSON schema will be presented. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 8:00PM - 8:15PM |
C02.00005: Analysis of Feed Gas Expansion in a High-Speed Rotating Cylinder Dr. Sahadev Pradhan In this study we investigate the expansion of the feed gas from the feed nozzle into a strongly rotating gas at the pure diffusive region of the inner core in a high-speed rotating cylinder with the characteristic radial length scale equal to (ξ /A2) for peripheral speed (Vwall) in the range 450 to 700 m/sec, feed nozzle radius (Rnozzle) in the range 3 to 8 mm, expansion pressure ratio (Po/P∞ ) in the range 10 to 105 , and for pure UF6 as well as for a mixture of UF6 and hydrogen fluoride (HF: acts as a light gas) with HF concentration up to 60 mole % ((Pradhan & Kumaran, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 686, 2011, pp. 109-159); (Kumaran & Pradhan, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 753, 2014, pp. 307-359)).The feed gas expansion into the vacuum core is characterized by the formation of a barrel shock, and the boundary layer type flow is developed on the surface of the barrel shock. The analysis of the jet boundary is carried out with the estimation of important parameters like angular dependency of mass flux (ρV), the pressure on the jet boundary (P∞ ), the initial longitudinal radius of curvature (RCO), the centerline Mach number distribution (MaCL), and the ratio of sonic radius to nozzle exit radius (r*/Rnozzle). The analysis indicates that as the feed nozzle radius is increased from 3 to 8 mm, the pressure on the jet boundary increases monotonically, whereas, with the increase of feed nozzle radius, the ratio (RCO / Rnozzle) initially decreases and finally saturates at a constant value. The thickness of the shock layer is also studied for the peripheral speed in the range 450 to 700 m/sec, and the result shows that with the increase of peripheral speed the shock layer becomes more and more thinner. At (P/PS) = 10, the thickness of the shock layer has decreased from 0.40278 mm to 0.16645 mm. Here, PS is the pressure behind the barrel shock. An important finding is that with the increase of peripheral speed from 450 to 700 m/sec the rate of efflux from the boundary layer increases, and at (X/Rnozzle) = 20, its normalized value ( ρVγ (∞)/ρSVγ,S (∞)) has increased from 0.4751 to 0.73918. Here, ρSVγ,S (∞) indicates the properties behind the barrel shock. It is also seen that with the increase of Reynolds number from 10-4 to 103, the rate of efflux from the boundary layer decreases, and at (X/Rnozzle) = 20 its normalized value ( ρVγ (∞)/ρSVγ,S (∞)) has decreased from 633.59 at Re = 10-4 to 0.2003 at Re = 103. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 8:15PM - 8:30PM |
C02.00006: Energy Dependent Fission Product Yields Anton P Tonchev, Anthony P Ramrez, Ronald C Malone, Nicolas F Schunck, Jack A Silano, Mark A Stoyer, Mark H Verriere, Matthew A Gooden, Jerry Wilhelmy, Sean Finch, Calvin R Howell, Werner Tornow Fission product yields (FPY) are essential ingredients for addressing questions relevant to a range of basic and applied physics. Examples include the cosmic nucleosynthesis processes that created the elements from iron to uranium, reactor antineutrino studies, development of advanced reactor and transmutation systems, and many national security applications. The goal of this study is to provide high-precision and energy dependent FPY data using monoenergetic neutron beams with energies between 0.5 and 15 MeV. An overview of the recent experimental results obtained by the LLNL-LANL-TUNL collaboration will be presented. The energy dependent FPY results will be discussed in terms of (i) contributions from different chances of fission, (ii) variation of independent mass yields with incident neutron energy due to contributions of different fission modes, (iii) washing out of even-odd effects in charge distribution of fission fragment yields with increase of the neutron energy, and (iv) fragment mass yields distributions after emission of prompt neutrons. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 8:30PM - 8:45PM |
C02.00007: A Breath of Fresh Air: The 18O(α,n)21Ne Reaction for Applications of Nuclear Science Rebecca Toomey, Richard J deBoer, Michael T Febbraro, Steven D Pain, Marco T Pigni, Jolie A Cizewski, Harrison E Sims, Gwenaelle Seymour For passive interrogation of nuclear material, understanding the outgoing radiation spectrum is crucial. For low burnup fuels, the 17,18O(α,n) reactions have been identified as a dominant source of neutrons. In the energy range of the α-decay of actinide elements, little data are available for these reactions, and it has been highlighted as a focus for experimental efforts. Existing data for the 18O(α,n)21Ne reaction are limited, with no partial cross section or neutron angular distribution data available. Therefore, a high-resolution measurement of this reaction was performed at the University of Notre Dame over the range Eα = 2-8 MeV, to extract partial and total cross sections. Deuterated scintillator detectors were used for neutron spectroscopy, analyzed via the spectrum unfolding technique. In addition, 2 HPGe detectors were used to detect secondary γ rays. Partial cross sections, angular distributions and SCALE neutron source calculations using these new data will be presented. Development of a new deuterated array at LLNL will also be presented. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 8:45PM - 9:00PM |
C02.00008: Double Differential Measurements of Prompt Neutrons from Photon-Induced Reactions on Actinides across the GDR Energy Range Forrest Q Friesen, Mohammad W Ahmed, Sean W Finch, Calvin R Howell, Collin R Malone, Ronald C Malone, Ethan Mancil, Jack A Silano, Werner Tornow, Innocent Y Tsorxe Most applications of fission involve initiation with neutrons, but there is both practical and scientific interest in better understanding photon-induced fission. The non-hadronic interactions of gamma rays provide a different excitation mechanism than neutrons, and can therefore provide an alternate perspective on the fission process. Photoneutron data are also needed for developing concepts for nuclear and domestic security applications using low-energy photon beams to scan cargo for special nuclear materials. Our measurements on ^{235}U, ^{238}U, and ^{239}Pu were performed with beam energies from 5 to 16 MeV, making use of the unique capabilities of the High Intensity Gamma-Ray Source at TUNL. An overview of methods and recent results will be presented. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 9:00PM - 9:15PM |
C02.00009: Superheavy research program at RIKEN: GARIS-III setup latest development and experimental results pierre Brionnet The superheavy program at RIKEN is currently focused on the search and synthesis of the element Z = 119 using the GARIS-III separator, combined with the SRILAC accelerator. This search is performed using the fusion evaporation reaction of 51-Vanadium on the 248-Cm target. The selection of the beam energy was based on the barrier distribution experiment performed by M. Tanaka from which the side collision energy was extracted. |
Tuesday, November 28, 2023 9:15PM - 9:30PM |
C02.00010: Abstract Withdrawn
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Tuesday, November 28, 2023 9:30PM - 9:45PM |
C02.00011: Future pRad upgrades at Los Alamos National Laboratory Zhaowen Tang The LANL Proton radiography facility offers an imaging technique that gives spatial (50-200 um) and temporal resolution of 50 ns with a maximum frame rate of 10 MHz, where it is used for applications in nuclear stockpile stewardship and studies of materials under high pressure. It utilizes protons that have multiple Coulomb scattered (MCS) through an object to create contrast in the transmission image. The resolution of pRad can be improved with increased proton energy. In this talk, I will give a brief overview of MCS-based proton radiography at the LANL facility and discuss the criteria and possible upgrades to the facility to improve the current resolution limit. |
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