Bulletin of the American Physical Society
6th Joint Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics and the Physical Society of Japan
Sunday–Friday, November 26–December 1 2023; Hawaii, the Big Island
Session 4WPA: The Origin of the Heavy Elements IIIInvited Workshop
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Chair: Cole Pruitt, Lawrence Livermore National Lab Room: Hilton Waikoloa Village Kohala 4 |
Monday, November 27, 2023 2:00PM - 2:30PM |
4WPA.00001: Galactic Chemical Evolution and Heavy Element Nucleosynthesis Invited Speaker: Grant J Mathews Many aspects of the origin and evolution of heavy elements in nature are yet to be clearly understood. This talk will overview the current status of models for the formation of r-process, s-process and p-process elements. We summarize recent state-of the art developments of supernova and binary neutron star evolution for both r-process and νp-process nucleosynthesis. In particular, we highlight two recent recent works detailing the emerging evidence from galactic chemical evolution for the important role of hypernovae (energetic supernovae) and collapsars (jets from the collapse of massive stars to a black hole). These studies illuminate how such events may play a key role in the origin and early evolution of explosive heavy-element nucleosynthesis. |
Monday, November 27, 2023 2:30PM - 3:00PM |
4WPA.00002: Exploring Key Reactions for Heavy Element Production in the Weak r-process Invited Speaker: Melina Avila The remarkable multi-messenger observation of the merger of two binary neutron stars has significantly advanced our understanding of heavy element synthesis through the rapid neutron capture process (r-process). However, investigations into ultra-metal-poor stars provide compelling evidence that suggests the existence of an additional r-process site responsible for generating the lightest heavy elements. Among the potential candidates for the production of weak r-process elements, neutrino-driven winds following core-collapse supernova explosions have emerged as a promising avenue. However, recent sensitivity studies have revealed that uncertainties in (α,n) reaction rates hinder the accurate prediction of elemental abundances in this specific astrophysical scenario. Unfortunately, our current knowledge of these essential reaction rates remains limited, primarily due to the challenges associated with low-intensity radioactive beams and the inherently small cross sections. |
Monday, November 27, 2023 3:00PM - 3:30PM |
4WPA.00003: Recent high-precision atomic mass measurements from medium-mass to heavy isotopes using MRTOF-MS at RIKEN/RIBF Invited Speaker: Marco Rosenbusch For reliable predictions of processes in nuclear astrophysics, atomic masses belong to the most essential experimental data together with beta half-lives, decay modes, and deacy branching ratios. For atomic mass measurements, multi-reflection time-of-flight (MRTOF) mass spectrometry [1] has become a breakthrough-technology considering the required duration of a measurement and the small number of (rare) events needed to reach a relative mass precision of $delta m/m leq 10^{-7}$. This technology has been developed at RIKEN's RIBF facility for about two decades in combination with gas-filled ion catchers for low-energy access. In the recent past, three independent systems, operating at different access points to radioisotopes at RIBF, provided substantial mass data in the medium-mass and heavy region of the nuclear chart, reaching even out to the superheavy nuclides. |
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