Bulletin of the American Physical Society
75th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference
Volume 67, Number 9
Monday–Friday, October 3–7, 2022;
Sendai International Center, Sendai, Japan
The session times in this program are intended for Japan Standard Time zone in Tokyo, Japan (GMT+9)
Session IF1: Green Plasma Science and Technology III |
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Chair: Keiichiro Urabe Room: Sendai International Center Sakura 2 |
Friday, October 7, 2022 8:00AM - 8:30AM |
IF1.00001: Non-equilibrium plasma discharges for combustion applications: experiments and diagnostics Invited Speaker: Deanna A Lacoste With the urgency of mitigating climate change, the combustion community is working on innovative and environmentally friendly solutions to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by energy conversion systems such as piston engines, gas turbines, burners, or furnaces. One of the promising strategies is to use non-equilibrium plasmas to enhance combustion, also called plasma-assisted combustion (PAC). Over the last two decades, PAC using non-equilibrium plasmas has demonstrated good abilities in flame stabilization, control of thermoacoustic instabilities, or ignition. However, lab results did not translate to industrial actuators, yet. Several questions regarding plasma efficiency under industrial-relevant conditions remain open. More work is needed on both a better understanding of the combustion-plasma coupling, and the optimization of the plasma source. To answer these questions, lab-scale experiments and quantitative diagnostics of highly reactive media are required. In this presentation, after reviewing some of the recent results obtained for PAC in industrially relevant conditions, a canonical experiment is presented, and some important data measured by optical diagnostics are detailed. The selected configuration is a 2-D axisymmetric wall-stabilized laminar flame of methane and air at ambient conditions. The non-equilibrium plasma produced by nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges is applied across the flame front, on the symmetry axis of the flame. Discharges are generated partly in the methane-air mixture, partly in the flame front, and partly in the burned gases. Measurements by femtosecond two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence, as well as planar laser-induced fluorescence, and optical emission spectroscopy were performed to determine the effect of the discharges on the concentration of O, H, CH, OH, and the gas temperature. |
Friday, October 7, 2022 8:30AM - 8:45AM |
IF1.00002: Probing the Detailed Chemistry of Plasma-Assisted Processes: Opportunities for Mass Spectrometry Nils n Hansen, Angie Zang, Christopher Burger, Yiguang Ju, Jinhoon Choe, Wenting Sun Mass spectrometry is a perfect analytical tool to study complex reaction networks as found in low-temperature plasma environments. Using this technique, unprecedentedly detailed chemical insights are generated as it allows for simultaneous and sensitive detection of all intermediates and products of the reaction network without prior knowledge of their identity. When combined with a molecular-beam sampling approach, it even allows for the detection of short-lived open-shell reactive species. In this presentation, we will present how molecular-beam mass spectrometry was used to gain chemical insights into plasma-assisted chemical looping and combustion processes. For both experiments, we coupled low-temperature plasma flow reactors via a differentially pumped molecular-beam sampling unit with a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The spatially uniform plasmas were generated through dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), powered by a high voltage, short-pulsed power supply. We explored multi-dimensional parameter spaces for the plasma-assisted oxidation of the simple hydrocarbons methane and ethylene using CuO and NiO, and the plasma-assisted combustion of ammonia. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of these processes, we accumulated mass spectra as a function of plasma power, temperature, residence times, and reactant composition. Time-resolved mass spectra of the plasma-assisted chemical looping process show that the plasma discharge lowers the fuel oxidation temperature to 400-500°C and kinetically enhance fuel oxidation processes. Kinetic enhancements were also observed for ammonia combustion near room temperature, thus minimizing toxic thermal NOx emissions. |
Friday, October 7, 2022 8:45AM - 9:00AM |
IF1.00003: Improvement of the cleaning performance of different waste incineration plants after conversion to three-phase generators Daniel Szeremley Germany has one of the highest recycling standards in the world. Nevertheless, enormous amounts of waste accumulate that cannot be recycled - i.e. cannot be reprocessed. For this type of waste, combustion is a sensible and environmentally friendly solution that also contributes to the energy transition, as it produces electricity from renewable energy sources. However, the combustion process produces large quantities of dust, which must be filtered out of the exhaust gas. One established solution are electrostatic precipitators (ESP) that remove dust and aerosols from exhaust gases. They consist of housings containing electrodes and strong electrostatic fields to generate a plasma to accelerate the electrically charged particles which are then deflected from the gas stream and collected on the precipitation electrodes. From there, the collected particles are removed from the electrostatic precipitator and then transported to landfills. After the conversion to three-phase generators in various plants comparison of the cleaning results can be presented. |
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