Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2015 Annual Meeting of the Far West Section of the APS
Thursday–Saturday, October 29–31, 2015; Long Beach, California
Session F2: Nuclear, High-Energy, Accelerator and Gravitational Physics |
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Chair: Douglas Singleton, California State Univesity, Fresno Room: CBA-114 |
Friday, October 30, 2015 2:00PM - 2:12PM |
F2.00001: Matrix continued fractions for relativistic equations Zoltan Papp One of the basic equations of relativistic quantum mechanics, the Klein-Gordon equation, does not meet the postulates of quantum mechanics. The time evolution of the state is not determined solely by the wave function and the equation is not in a Hamiltonian form. However, it is possible to rewrite the Klein-Gordon equation into a Hamiltonian from. These are the Feshbach-Villars equations. The Klein-Gordon wave function is split into two components and for the components we have a Schrödinger-like equation with matrix Hamiltonian. This matrix Hamiltonian is not Hermitian and the wave function components are coupled by the long-range-type kinetic energy operator. In this work we considered a Coulomb plus short range potential problem in integral equation form. The operators are represented in a Coulomb-Sturmian basis. In this basis the Coulomb Hamiltonian is an infinite band matrix, and thus the corresponding Green’s operator can be represented by a matrix continued fractions. This solution method provides very accurate results on a relatively small basis. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 2:12PM - 2:24PM |
F2.00002: Appeal of seesaw mechanism for neutrino mass in supersymmetric grand unified theories Nima Assad Experimental developments in neutrino physics have established the oscillation of neutrinos between flavor eigenstates, indicating the existence of non-zero neutrino masses. Precision measurements of neutrino oscillations and cosmological considerations have placed upper bounds on neutrino masses in the regime of eVs, leaving the neutrinos six orders of magnitude lighter than the electron, the lightest particle currently contained in the Standard Model. The type II seesaw mechanism through which neutrinos are proposed to have acquired mass reconciles the Standard Model with this disparity in mass scale through the introduction of right-handed neutrinos with Majorana masses of order 10$^{\mathrm{15}}$ GeV. This energy scale is consistent with the convergence of the Standard Model gauge couplings at high energies, and is thus favored in supersymmetric grand unified theories. Here, we study the type II seesaw mechanism implemented in a 126-based SO(10) unification group to account for the smallness of neutrino masses and the current experimental bounds on the large mixing angles contained in the PMNS lepton flavor mixing matrix. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 2:24PM - 2:36PM |
F2.00003: Detecting Solar Relic Axions with ADMX Hector Carranza Jr, Gray Rybka, Leslie Rosenberg Axions are hypothetical particles theorized to be a main component of dark matter seen in many astrophysical measurements. The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX), at the University of Washington (UW), is searching for dark matter axions through axion conversion into microwave photons inside of a Radio Frequency (RF) cavity. It is theorized that axions produced by photon conversion in the sun remain gravitationally bound in the solar system and build up over time. Though there are other experiments that are searching for solar produced axions such as the CERN Axion Telescope (CAST), we were not able to use their methodologies being that they are looking at relativistic axions and the ADMX experiment is specifically looking at non-relativistic axions. We estimate the energy density of solar produced, gravitationally bound axions and axion-like particles at Earth with two simple models. One is an optimistic model where the energy loss of the sun from axion-like particles is as large as allowed by current solar observations, and the other is a Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) axion inspired model. This presentation will describe our calculations and findings of non-relativistic axions at Earth. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 2:36PM - 2:48PM |
F2.00004: Lambda Re-Scattering On the Proton Juan Cardenas, John Price A complete study of the structure of the proton requires knowledge of its interaction with other particles. One such particle is the $\Lambda $, which is similar in structure to the proton, but with different quark content. Studying the interaction of the $\Lambda $ with the proton is difficult, since the $\Lambda $ does not exist naturally, and decays rapidly. The CLAS collaboration at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility is able to produce large numbers of $\Lambda $'s via the photo production process $\gamma $p$\to $K$^{\mathrm{+}}\Lambda $. By using a long hydrogen target, the $\Lambda $ produced in this reaction can sometimes interact with a second proton in the target. The simplest process between a $\Lambda $ and a proton is the elastic scattering process $\Lambda $p$\to \Lambda $p. Determining the cross section for the process $\Lambda $p$\to \Lambda $p requires the detection of the outgoing proton, the decay products of the $\Lambda $, and the K$^{\mathrm{+}}$ from the original $\Lambda $ production. Since the main decay mode of the $\Lambda $ is to $\pi ^{\mathrm{-}}$p, the complete final state for this process is K$^{\mathrm{+}}\pi^{\mathrm{-}}$pp, which is an apparent violation of baryon number conservation. The first step in this study is the identification of events that have two protons and a K$^{\mathrm{+}}$. This talk will discuss the physics motivation behind this work, and will present the current status of the analysis of $\Lambda $ photo production in events with two protons. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 2:48PM - 3:00PM |
F2.00005: Delayed Choice in Feynman's Neutron Scattering off a Crystal Experiment: The Effect of Information on the Neutron Distribution -2 Douglas Snyder Feynman (Lect. on Phys., v. 3, 1965, p. 3-7) maintained in his neutron scattering off a crystal experiment that which-way information can exist even if one does not perform a measurement. This interaction can involve a spin flip for both the neutron and nucleus that the neutron scatters off. With the flip, the spin of the nucleus that the neutron scattered off becomes different than the spin direction of the other nuclei in the crystal that the neutron could have scattered off. The spins of the other nuclei are the same. It may be possible to eliminate the ww information as long as particle detections have not been made. Through spin-lattice relaxation after the neutron-nucleus interaction occurs, the spin flip of the nucleus would reverse before any detection is made. The result is interference in the neutron distribution. Altering relaxation duration relative to neutron detection time could provide a delayed choice. Another possibility for a delayed choice would be to shut off the uniform, strong, external magnetic field B that initially aligns all of the spins of the crystal nuclei along the same axis. To eliminate the possibility that the spin flip in the neutron could be a factor in the neutron distribution, one could ``mix up'' the neutron spin orientations along the axis of B by extending B past the crystal almost to the neutron detector. Apply low intensity pulsed oscillating magnetic radiation (B') to the neutrons in the area between the crystal and the neutron detector (at the neutron Larmor precession frequency) at a 90$^{O}$ angle to the axis of the B field. It can flip neutrons from a low energy state to a high energy state or vice versa. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 3:00PM - 3:12PM |
F2.00006: Testing the behavior of gravity at the 20-micron distance scale. Ian Guerrero, C.D. Hoyle, Jeremy Johnson At Humboldt State University, faculty and undergraduates have been motivated by the incompatibility of the Standard Model and General Relativity (GR) to design an experiment that will test the behavior of gravity at the 20-micron distance scale. Any extensions of string theory which may help to unify GR and the Standard Model, also predict differences in the inverse square law of gravity. This provides many other interesting implications including the possibility of more spatial dimensions then we can currently discern. The experiment will measure the twist of a torsion pendulum as an attractor mass is oscillated nearby in a parallel-plate configuration that will provide a time varying torque on the pendulum. The size and distance dependence of the torque variation will provide means to determine deviations from accepted models of gravity on untested distance scales. This talk will primarily focus on recent data taken by the lab, as well as several updates to our experiment. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 3:12PM - 3:24PM |
F2.00007: Size Mass Relation of Galaxies at Redshift z = 4 Demitri Call The size-mass relation for galaxies presently traces their evolution to a redshift of z = 3, limited by availability of rest-frame optical data beyond the 4000 angstrom break. These data indicate that galaxies exhibit an increasing trend in compactness with redshift. However, this trend must eventually “taper off”, as otherwise it would imply that galaxies were infinitely dense at early ages. In this study, recently obtained K-band (2.2um) data has allowed us to explore the galaxies size-mass relation at redshifts up to z = 4. Our goal was to see if this epoch of galaxy evolution is when the change in the trend of compactness begins. Data were collected by making models of our galaxy sample to determine their morphological parameters. Masses will be provided from SED fitting conducted by an external collaboration. By combing these data, we will obtain the first ever reliable estimate of the galaxy size-mass relation beyond redshift z = 3. Initial results are now in a phase of convergence testing to determine the final set of galaxies to be used in finding this size-mass relation. The initial trend reveals surprising results as the relation implies that galaxies in this epoch experienced rapid compression as they were less dense than has been shown in later epochs. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 3:24PM - 3:36PM |
F2.00008: Milimeter Wave Vacuum Electronic Devices Using Azimuthally Travelling Waves Alysson Vrielink, Sami Tantawi With recent improvements in communications and imaging technology, the need for ultra high bandwidth, high frequency devices has grown significantly in the past decade. Unfortunately, the scaling laws of current vacuum electronic technologies prohibits extension of these devices to the mm-wave regime due to the complex manufacturing processes required for fabrication and the low efficiency and achievable output power at these frequencies. We propose a novel series of devices operating on a completely different beam-wave interaction mechanism than current devices. Through an interaction between an azimuthally bunched beam and spherical electromagnetic modes, traditional scaling laws and their associated issues can be circumvented. Based on preliminary analytical calculations, these devices could operate at frequencies from 80GHz to 250 GHz with tens of kiloWatts of output power while the expected efficiency of these devices would scale from 60% at 80 GHz to 30% at 230 GHz. Various possible device configurations are presented, including the basic theory and preliminary simulation results. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 3:36PM - 3:48PM |
F2.00009: A Neutron Gas Laser, can there be particle Lasers? Richard Kriske This author had suggest previously that it may be possible to irradiate Xe-135 with Gamma or X-rays and cause it to become a super positioned state with Cs 135 or Xe 136. The Neutrons would essentially be a Neutron Gas. In many ways this would act like a gas Laser, with the Gamma or X-ray pumping a much higher energy state, the Neutron Gas. The Neutrons would be emitted at the same frequency as the Gamma or X-ray pumping the system. The system would follow a similar math that is followed by other Nobel Gas Lasers. If this is possible it adds a whole new chapter to Laser theory, in that now it would be extended to "matter" lasers, not just photons. These matter Lasers would be far superior to current Particle Accelerators in producing beams. It may be possible to produce Proton Lasers, and perhaps even Higgs Particle Lasers. This is a very surprising addition to Laser theory, but one can see that it was already portended from the Einstein Equations in regard to current Lasers. These new Lasers would have additional Quantum Numbers that aren't in Light Lasers and would be a boon to Particle Physics investigations, not to mention that they would have great technological uses, such as Propulsion tools for Space probes, as they would use light to directly produce mass. [Preview Abstract] |
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