Bulletin of the American Physical Society
Fall 2021 Meeting of the Eastern Great Lakes Section
Volume 66, Number 15
Friday–Saturday, November 12–13, 2021; Virtual; Eastern Time
Session C01: Lightning Sessions Student Posters |
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Chair: Colin Campbell, University of Mount Union |
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C01.00001: Impact of Black Lives Matter Movement on the LGBTQ Movement in South Korea: A Comparative Study Yeseo Kim In 1868 following the end of the Civil War, the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was ratified thereby prohibiting states from denying any person within its authority equal protection of the laws. The Black-Americans, who are entitled to the same rights as other Americans under the US Constitution, are frequently exposed to discrimination. Similarly, the LGBTQ individuals in South Korea face institutional discrimination despite the country’s signing of the UN Resolution on the fair treatment of an individual regardless of one’s sexual orientation or gender identity. In both the US and South Korea, Black and LGBTQ minorities, respectively, are not receiving the treatment promised under official documents such as the Constitution and UN Resolution. This paper studies how the Blacks and the LGBTQ individuals in South Korea have been historically and systemically subject to marginalization in the social, economic, and political spheres in American society. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00002: Proton Beam Therapy Summer Research Daniel Adams Proton beam therapy (PBT) has become an increasingly popular form of cancer treatment because, for instance, it can be used to treat a tumor that cannot be reached with traditional surgery. In PBT, protons deliver energy to a focused region in the body to eradicate the cancerous cells. To have a successful treatment plan, the interactions between the proton beam and the patient's body need to be understood. One of the major interactions involved in PBT is Coulombic scattering, where the protons in the beam are deflected because of positively charged nuclei in the body repelling them. To characterize the energy deposition from a proton beam, I simulated a proton beam moving through a 3D atomic lattice towards a tumor. The program considers both Coulombic scattering and the depth-dependent loss of energy through the Bragg-Kleeman rule. The program also identifies the beam properties that effectively focus the energy inside the tumor. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00003: Development of a Data Science-Based Mechanics Curriculum Utilizing Custom-Designed Object Tracker Software Brianna Rapp, Zachary Perrico With the explosive growth of data in our society, STEM educators are looking for ways to integrate computational skills into their courses to prepare students with the tools they need to be successful in their future careers. We are designing a physical science-informed data science curriculum that will allow students to develop computational and data handling skills as they learn physics concepts. The primary tool that has been developed to assist in this task is called the Object Tracker. It's a versatile Java Script program, built on the p5.js library, to automatically extract positional data from videos. The Object Tracker is useful as a laboratory tool for analyzing motion. It can calculate the X and Y position, change in position, velocity and time, velocity, acceleration, and time every frame in the video. For videos with a high frame rate, in which changes between the frames are more gradual, the Object Tracker provides the user the ability to smooth out any of the data it would calculate. Students can extract the data and use spreadsheet tools to catch, manipulate, and analyze their data set. A series of six modules is in development to allow students to build upon their conceptual gains of physics concepts while preparing them with analytic and computational skills. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00004: Earth Day STEMcoding Module Integrates JavaScript into the High School Curriculum Brett Scheib, Katelyn Buckles Within the past few years, computer science has developed into a versatile skill that has become essential in a variety of fields. As such, it is no surprise that high school and undergraduate students are increasingly incorporating computer programming and data analysis into the classroom. In order to facilitate the smooth integration of computer science into courses throughout the country, modules must be developed to teach these skills to both students and instructors without a strong programming background. This activity aims to help high school students utilize computer coding skills to analyze climate change. Specifically, the Earth Day module allows students to collect climate data from their own locations and develop a simulation for global warming in JavaScript. Students also model random temperature variability and manipulate data in a spreadsheet program. To ensure that an unexperienced audience can complete the activity, several educational resources are provided for instructors, including code solutions, guided questions, and video walkthroughs. This module has been recently accepted to be posted on the Hour of Code website. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00005: Chaotic behavior through its invariance that does not depend on initial state quoc Nguyen Chaos is everywhere in nature, from the formation of the snowflake or the trajectory of planets in the universe. All these chaotic behaviors, although random and unpredictable, form an attractor that is independent of the initial condition. Studying invariances of the attractor is the most reliable way to describe and learn about the chaotic dynamic. In this project, we study Henon, Lozi, and Lorenz attractors through invariance including Lyapunov exponent and fractal dimension. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00006: Flat Physics in the Laboratory: A System to Study 2-D Physics in flowing Soap Films David Horne, Lily Zheng The behavior of vortices and turbulent flow around structures in a 2-D film is a subject of much theoretical and practical study. We present the design of a cost effective, easy to construct, reconfigurable apparatus to generate long lived, stable soap films in the laboratory suitable for demonstrations and deeper investigations of fluid mechanics problems including turbulence, 2-D vortex-vortex interactions and wakes generated by obstructions and streamlined surfaces. The aim of this project is to observe, record and analyze these effects in a laboratory environment using equipment constructed on a modest budget and employing easy to acquire materials. Flow is controlled by a digital computerized flow control valve and vortices/flow patterns are imaged from a computer-controlled camera system using high resolution photography and slow motion movies to study these features in detail. This project is designed to be accessible to research students at the undergraduate and graduate level or the researcher operating on a budget. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00007: Finding the True Molecular Weight of Polymeric Microgels of Varying Crosslinking Density Patrick Herron, Andrew Scherer, Samantha Tietjen, Kiril Streletzky Microgels are spherical particles comprised from crosslinked polymer chains suspended in solution. Due to the properties of the parent polymer, microgels undergo temperature dependent de-swelling and have a potential use in drug delivery. These microgels are synthesized using hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and divinyl sulfone (DVS) cross-linker, as well as dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) surfactant to promote particle monodispersity. Static light scattering (SLS) was used to determine the molecular weight, Mw, the radius of gyration, Rg, and second virial coefficient, A2, of synthesized microgels at varying cross-linker density. However, absolute SLS measurements require determination of the specific refractive index increment (dn/dc), the change in index of refraction with concentration for the samples of interest. This project focused on dn/dc measurement for samples with DVS:HPC concentrations of 0.5-41. The dn/dc values found show a temperature dependence at higher DVS concentrations. Here we present how measured dn/dc values affect the obtained Mw of the microgels and show the importance of in lab testing of dn/dc values to dependably obtain thermodynamic information of microgels. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00008: WHAM Electron Density Reconstruction via inversion of Interferometer and soft x-ray data Michael Johnson A new axisymmetric magnetic mirror (WHAM) is currently under construction at the University of Wisconsin. An essential measurement in magnetic mirrors is determination of the electron density profile. In conjunction with design of a multi-chord interferometer, a modified Abel inversion technique is developed for fitting experimental data. A four free-parameter fit is performed on an anticipated six chord measurement of line-integrated density. Refinement of the reconstructed density profile will be conducted by analysis of soft x-ray emissivity measured on a multi-chord pinhole camera geometry. Synthetic signals from the CQL3D code are used to optimize diagnostic geometry and sensitive energy range prior to implementation. While the interferometer will measure density at the center of the device, accumulation of sloshing fast ions at higher magnetic field positions will lead to a variation of density along the axial direction. Full orbit studies of the fast ion population are utilized to predict the density enhancement and help inform the RF/fast ion resonant interaction. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00009: Modeling and Manufacturing Baffle Panels to Reduce the Impact of Sidelobes in CMB Telescopes Kate Okun Three Mirror Anastigmat (TMA) Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) telescopes experience a substantial reduction in image quality caused by significant sidelobe pickup. TMA telescopes have specularly reflecting internal walls that can amplify the effects of the scattered light entering the instrument at wide angles, thus worsening the resulting sidelobes. We aim to reduce the contrast of the sidelobes by lining the cabin in white noise surfaces, called baffle panels, designed to scatter light over a wide range of angles, thus diffusing the sidelobe specular peaks into a DC base. Our research focuses on modeling the scattering caused by the white noise surfaces using phase-sensitive ray tracing and manufacturing such surfaces at a larger scale. We hope to see our analytical model confirm our previous experimental results from the 90-110 GHz range, which preliminarily showed the intensity of reflected light, with respect to angle, followed a non-uniform, positively skewed, Gaussian shape. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00010: Recent determination of solar oxygen abundance and atomic data Sultana Nahar Radiative models for plasma abundacnes in an astromonical object, such as, the Sun, require parameters of atomic processes, such as, photoionization, photo-excitations, electron-impact excitations. The accuracy of the atomic parameters need to be of high accuracy and consistent for modeling them in various plasma conditions. Bergemann et al (MNRAS 2021) recently reported solar photospheric oxygen abundance with emphasis on using an accurate "new atomic models" and found largely good agreement with the existing predictions for the oxygen abundance. This report will illustrate that their atomic model is consisting of inconsistent and inaccurate atomic data, and good agreement with others questions the accuracy of the treatment of their model. [Preview Abstract] |
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C01.00011: Phase transitions, critical behavior, and emergent order in systems of musical harmony Huay Din, Jesse Berezovsky The emergence of order in a thermodynamic system can be understood as a temperature dependent trade-off between minimizing energy and maximizing entropy of the system. We posit that the ordered arrangement of musical pitches that constitute a system of musical harmony arises from an analogous trade-off. We show that by quantifying these factors, a system of harmony can be formulated as an XY model governed by an effective free energy. Methods from statistical mechanics can then be applied that serve to minimize free energy, reproducing familiar structures of Western and non-Western harmony. Numerical simulation of quenched tones on a 3D lattice shows a transition with a divergence of correlation length and relaxation time, consistent with the expected critical exponents for a 3D XY model. Furthermore, the resultant topological defects, frozen vortex strings, are as predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. These topological defects can be interpreted as musical chords, and the branching network of strings as chord progressions. These results provide a new approach for understanding, appreciating, and composing music from first principles [Preview Abstract] |
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