Bulletin of the American Physical Society
64th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics
Volume 67, Number 15
Monday–Friday, October 17–21, 2022; Spokane, Washington
Session YP11: Poster Session IX: In-Person, Hall A (9:30-11:00am) and Virtual Poster Presentations (11:15am-12:30pm)
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Room: Exhibit Hall A and Online |
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YP11.00001: Physics model development and extensive validation of predictive integrated modelling within the EU framework programme 2021-2027 Clarisse Bourdelle, Clemente Angioni, Jean-François Artaud, Yann Camenen, Francis J Casson, Jonathan Citrin, nathan cummings, Emiliano Fable, Federico felici, Aaron Ho, florian Köchl, Patrick Maget, Pierre Manas, Jorge Morales, Olivier Sauter, Giovanni Tardini, Karel VanDePLassche To prepare ITER operation and contribute to DEMO design, a cohesive plan to extend predictive integrated simulation, and validation methodologies, has been endorsed by EUROfusion under the acronym of TSVV11 (Theory, Simulation, Validation and Verification task on ‘Validated frameworks for the Reliable Prediction of Plasma Performance and Operational Limits in Tokamaks). |
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YP11.00002: Dynamics of ns-SDBD plasma formation for aircraft icing control Andrey Starikovskiy, Manny Rios Paper presents results of numerical modeling of nanosecond surface dielectric barrier discharge (ns-SDBD) for flow control using a heat release in highly nonequilibrium pulsed plasma. The major attention is paid to the effects based on ultrafast (on nanosecond time scale at atmospheric pressure) local heating of the gas, since at present the main successes in high-speed flow control using gas discharges are associated with namely this thermal effect. The mechanisms of ultrafast heating of air at high electric fields realized in these discharges, as well as during the decay of discharge plasma, are analyzed. the development of a flat plasma "sheet" along the dielectric surface is considered, and the transverse structure of the discharge is neglected. In this case, along with the traditional volumetric processes of the production and recombination of charged particles, it is necessary to take into account the processes of photoemission from the surface, photoionization of gas, leading to the formation of seed electrons in neutral air. Two-dimensional modeling of SDBD makes it possible to obtain a reasonable agreement between the experimental data and the calculation for integral discharge characteristics: the thickness of the plasma layer, the length of the discharge development. |
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YP11.00003: Numerical modeling of NS discharge development in inhomogeneous magnetic field Andrey Starikovskiy, Nickolay Aleksandrov, Mikhail N Shneider Numerical characterization of nanosecond pulsed discharges has been conducted in a strong magnetic field environment. Streamer discharge development and plasma generation in air was analyzed when magnetic field was directed along the axis of the discharge cell. Numerical simulations were based of a two-dimensional fluid model. It is shown that strong magnetic field affect dramatically on the plasma formation. The NS streamer diameter decreases significantly, plasma density increases. Calculations were carried out for different magnetic field values for fixed air pressure P = 50 Torr and fixed NS pulse voltage U = 20 kV. An increase in the magnetic field in the gap leads to a sharp deceleration of the radial ionization wave, a decrease in the streamer radius, and an increase in the local electric field on the streamer head. As a result, the development of the discharge is sharply accelerated, and the electron density in the streamer channel sharply increases. A very large longitudinal electric field is formed near the head of the streamer. The electron drift in the radial direction is significantly suppressed, and the ionization rate is low due to low electron energy. |
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YP11.00004: Streamer discharge development in long air gaps Andrey Starikovskiy, Eduard Bazelyan, Nickolay Aleksandrov Streamers are non-stationary plasma formations that are the precursors of a spark discharge and an integral part of the leader discharge, including during the development of lightning. At the end of the streamer channels, due to the space charge, the electric field is amplified to values exceeding the breakdown field. As a result, intense ionization occurs in the streamer head, which leads to forward propagation of the streamer. Streamer discharge plays an important role in gas isolation and lightning protection, and also finds applications in various plasma applications, including medicine and plasma-assisted combustion. Changes in the pulse amplitude, and voltage rise time do not cause a significant change in the field in the streamer channel, which remains at the level Ech ~ 5 kV/cm in the range from 5 kV to 1000 kV. The length of the streamer propagation essentially depends on the anode radius (through velocity). The field in the channel depends on the electrode radius only at small distances. The pulse rise time has practically no effect on the field in the channel, streamer velocity and propagation distance. The kinetics of ionization and recombination significantly change both the electric field in the channel and the propagation distance of the streamer. |
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YP11.00005: Recombination of non-equilibrium plasma in water vapor- and hydrocarbon-containing mixtures Nickolay Aleksandrov, Eduard Bazelyan, Alexander Ponomarev, Andrey Starikovskiy The kinetics of non-equilibrium discharge plasma when the ion composition is dominated by water or hydrocarbon ions is discussed. Plasmas with water ions are formed in atmospheric discharges and discharges in the presence of liquid water or water vapor, including plasma applications for air purification, medicine and combustion. Reactions with hydrocarbon ions play an important role in interstellar chemistry, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, synthetic diamond film deposition and plasma assisted combustion. The modeling of water ion chemistry and chemistry of hydrocarbon-containing plasmas requires large amount of data on the rates of ion formation and loss. Particular attention is given to cluster ions, which are important at not-too-low gas pressures, whereas the majority of studies of ion-molecule reactions have been performed at low pressures in the absence of cluster ions. To illustrate importance of the described processes, the development of streamer discharges in long humid air gaps are discussed and the influence of water ions on the streamer properties is demonstrated. In addition, the decay of non-equilibrium plasma with water and hydrocarbon ions is analyzed in combustible gaseous mixtures excited by a repetitively pulsed nanosecond discharge. |
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YP11.00006: High-enthalpy portable RF plasmatron for nonequilibrium flow analysis Andrey Starikovskiy Ground test facilities such as plasma torches are critical to understanding hypersonic flow and high enthalpy fields as they simulate hypersonic velocities and reentry conditions. In particular, they are used to reproduce the aerothermodynamic heating experienced by the aircraft during the entire flight. The purpose of this project was to develop an apparatus for high-enthalpy low-pressure plasma generation using an induction-coupled discharge. The installation is designed to develop new methods for plasma diagnostics and testing of thermal insulating materials. The installation provide a continuous plasma flow with a mass flow rate of up to 0.1 grams per second with a specific enthalpy of up to 20 MJ/kg. The installation uses a standard high-frequency generator at frequency of 13.56 MHz and RF power 1.5 kW. The vacuum and cooling systems allow continuous operation of the installation for several hours. The inductor is made of a copper tube and is cooled with de-ionized water. The discharge chamber is equipped with 5 quartz windows along all 3 axes to provide control of the uniformity of the plasma flow, and the possibility of remote plasma diagnostics by spectroscopic methods. The results of temperature and flow field measurements are discussed. |
Author not Attending |
YP11.00007: Fusion Breeding and Pure Fusion Development - Perceptions and Misperceptions Wallace M Manheimer Economic fusion power will not come quickly or cheaply, despite claims to the contrary. There has been a flurry of promises of rapid development by 'fusion start ups', motivated in part by a perceived climate crisis. These are two misperceptions, there is no climate crisis, and it is way premature to promise pilot plants in a decade or so; these efforts will all fail. Furthermore, pure fusion will not be delivering significant power to the grid in this century, if ever. There are just too many hoops it has to jump through in too short a time. Fusion breeding, demanding about an order of magnitude less performance from the fusion reactor just might be able to deliver. An optimum plan for making fusion breeding a reality, not too long after midcentury is suggested for both magnetic fusion and laser fusion. This plan eliminates the DEMO in magnetic fusion, ITER becomes an end in itself; and eliminates one of the proposed steps in a laser fusion development plan (1). |
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YP11.00008: Revisiting the Plasma Magnet Sail: an Enabling Technology for Fast Interplanetary Travel Joshua B Perry, Matthew Russell, Kyle D Morgan, Francesca Bennett Magnetic sails which utilize solar wind particles for propulsion are not limited by the Tsiokovsky rocket equation, nor by the material constraints that limit the acceleration of photon sails. This gives them the potential to enable interplanetary transit speeds up to hundreds of kilometers per second. The plasma magnet sail, a magnetic sail concept originally developed by John Slough, uses a rotating magnetic field to induce a ring current in the plasma surrounding a spacecraft. It is found to have several drawbacks which limit its performance so much that it is uncompetitive with electric thrusters. However, a modified version attempts to address these flaws. A Hall-MHD model of the original and modified plasma magnet was created using the NIMROD code, modified to include some effects of the anomalous resistivity encountered at low density. The total magnetic moment, and corresponding thrust generated by the sails were estimated at multiple scales corresponding to different mission classes. Although there are many outstanding questions to answer, to fully investigate the viability of the modified plasma magnet, it does suggest a path to a high-thrust, nearly propellantless propulsion system for use outside of Earth's magnetosphere. |
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YP11.00009: Hall Effect in Magnetic Braking Thomas E Foster, Matthew W Kunz As a molecular cloud core collapses to form a rotationally supported protostellar disk, various non-ideal MHD effects associated with the characteristically low ionization fraction become important at different stages of the contraction. The most significant of these effects in many disks at intermediate densities is the Hall effect. The magnetic braking of a rotating cylindrical disk is studied analytically using the Hall MHD equations and, in the limits of large and small Hall diffusion, the solution is compared with numerical simulations performed using the Idefix code. It is found that the Hall effect couples the magnetic flux through a protostellar disk with its angular momentum and can significantly increase the braking time of the disk. |
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YP11.00010: Spatiotemporal forecasting of plasma turbulence Rahul Gaur, William D Dorland, Nathaniel Barbour In recent years, we have seen a growing interest in the use of machine learning models for fusion plasmas, be it disruption mitigation, fluid closures or turbulence forecasting. Some of these tools can provide us with key insights into phenomena that might otherwise remain concealed when using traditional numerical codes. To that end, we use a deep learning model called a Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit (ConvGRU) to forecast spatiotemporal turbulence. We obtain the data by solving a reduced electrostatic turbulence model for the Ion Temperature Gradient turbulence~\cite{ivanov2020zonally} using the GX~\cite{mandell2018laguerre} code and train our deep learning model to predict non-zonal temperature, $E \times B$ flow fluctuations and the resulting heat flux Q. We show that the time-averaged flux predicted by the ConvGRU matches well with the heat flux from the ground truth. |
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YP11.00011: Particle-in-Cell Simulation of Magnetic Fields Generated from the Interaction of Radially and Azimuthally Polarized Ultra-Intense Short Pulse Laser with Underdense Plasma Nour El Houda Hissi, Enam Chowdhury Pettawatt-class lasers have stimulated considerable progress in the field of ultra-intense relativistic laser plasma interaction (RLPI) and allowed experiments with complex polarization states. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is used to investigate the magnetic fields generated during the interaction of radially and azimuthally polarized ultra-intense lasers with low density target and compared with linear polarization instances. Magnetic reconnexion is highlighted at intensities ranging from 1x1019 w/cm2 to 1x1021 w/cm2. |
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YP11.00012: A new Low Temperature Plasma facility at Eastern Michigan University for undergraduate research and training Surabhi Jaiswal, William Joysey, Connor Belt, Candice Williams Low temperature plasma is an enabling technology in its current stage and a great tool for undergraduate research, training and applied physics lab course. A new low temperature plasma research lab is being established at Eastern Michigan University, a Primarily Undergraduate Institution (PUI). The low temperature plasma studies performed in the lab focused on dusty plasmas for wave studies, particle rotation, and nanoparticle growth. A second component focuses on atmospheric pressure plasma jet studies for creation of the auroral green transition and metastable oxygen. The lab provides access of a fast imaging system, a spectrometer, and electrostatic probes for low temperature plasma studies. Preliminary results showcasing work from undergraduate and masters students is presented. These experiments motivate the next phase of multiple studies in low temperature plasma and provide numerous avenues for collaboration. |
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YP11.00013: Applications of the Petra-M simulation code for space physics Eun-Hwa Kim, Nicola Bertelli, Syun'ichi Shiraiwa, Chio Z Cheng, Masayuki Ono, Jay Johnson, Kyung Sun Park We present applications of the 3D full-wave solver, Petra-M code, for planetary magnetospheric plasma wave physics. Due to the interaction between the solar wind and planetary magnetic fields, the planetary magnetosphere has a complex shape, such as compressed on the dayside and stretched on the nightside, respectively, and dawn-dusk asymmetries. Plasma waves in different frequencies and polarizations are widely detected on magnetized planets. Extensive numerical efforts have been continuous to understand detected plasma waves by in-situ observation and their effect on the planetary magnetospheric environment; however, realistic magnetospheric configurations cannot be easily adopted into the existing codes. One of the advantages of the finite element method (FEM) simulation code is that the boundary shapes, plasma density profiles, and magnetic field configurations are easily adapted; thus, a 2D full-wave code (FW2D) using the FEM method has been applied to various magnetic field configurations. Although the previous 2D simulations successfully examined plasma waves in dipolar magnetic field configurations, because planetary magnetospheres have asymmetric structures, 3D wave modeling is desirable to understand the wave properties detected in space. Therefore, we leverage the current effort of the radio frequency (RF) wave project and adapt a 3D full-wave simulation Petra-M code for modeling RF wave propagation in planetary magnetospheres. This presentation demonstrates the ultra-low frequency (ULF) and electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in Earth's magnetosphere in realistic magnetic field topologies. |
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YP11.00014: Relativistic Charged Particle Dynamics in Magnetic Mirrors Dion Li, Tal Rubin, Mikhail Mlodik, Ian E Ochs, Elijah J Kolmes, Nathaniel J Fisch In high-field magnetic mirror devices, relativistic effects play a role in the confinement of high-energy electrons. For relativistic charged particles subject to an azimuthal magnetic vector potential, the confinement condition is derived. Power losses due to electromagnetic radiation from the acceleration of charged particles are shown to affect this confinement. Numerical calculations of electron trajectories between two current loops are provided, thus giving an estimate of the radiated power distribution in a simple magnetic mirror device. |
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YP11.00015: Triple Langmuir Probes in Lithium-Driven Low Recycling Regimes in the Spherical Tokamak Pi3 at General Fusion Inc Celso Ribeiro, Russ Ivanov, Benjamin Brown, Meet Nandu, Mark Bunce, Kelly Epp, Adrian Wong, Kathryn Leci, Alexander D Mossman, Michel Laberge A 3-pins triple Langmuir probe has been used in the spherical tokamak (ST) Pi3 whose characteristics are: Ro=0.67m, a=0.37m, A=1.8, k=1.7, δ~0.4, BT(Ro)=0.23T, Ip =300kA, ne(bar)=4.3x1019m-3, Te(0)=170eV and Ti(bar)=230eV, and pulse of < 25ms. The Pi3 plasmas are formed exclusively via coaxial-helicity injection (CHI) and the walls are regularly lithium coated. This device will guide the ST Pi4 (under construction) and the Fusion Demonstration Plant (FDP) to be constructed at the Culham Laboratory site, UK. |
Author not Attending |
YP11.00016: Plasma-Waves/Plasmons Dispersion-Relations(DRS) Generic-Analytics(GA) VIA Salam-Siegel/Matsubara(SMS) G...P-Ontology Within "Hierarchical-Nested-Ontologies"(HNOS)-Sequence (HNOSS) E Carl-Ludwig Siegel, Marvin Antonoff, Norman Rostoker, Joquin Luttinger, Jan de Boer, Peter Egelstaff, Norman March, Albert Overhauser, Herman Chernoff, Frederic Young Plasma-waves/plasmons DRS GA VIA Salam-Matsubara/Siegel(SMS)[Acta Met.(75);Stat-phys-13,Haifa(77)-pub. in vol.2/Ann.Israel Acad.Scis.(78)-2-pprs!;Intl.Conf./Lattice-Dynam-ics,Paris(77),/M.Balkanski ed.,Flammarion(78)-2-pprs.;J. Non-Crystalline-Solids 40,453(80);Ferroelectrics(81); Applied-Superconductivity(93)-...] "generalizedes-dis-orders collectives-bosons negatives-dispersions modes-softening universality-principle"(G...P)-ontology in "hierarchical-nested-ontologies"(HNOS)-sequence(HNOSS):-ontology Noether-(1916)-theorem (NT) -ontology Siegel [Phys./Chem. Liquids :4:4(75)-5-pprs.;ibid.5:1(76)-3-pprs]-Percus/Yevick [Phys.Rev.(58) liquids-theory(SPY)-ontology in Siegel[MRS Fall-Mtgs.,Boston:"Symp./Frac-tals/Scaling"(89)-6-pprs.;"Symp./Transport Within Geometric-Constraints(90);...] "SPD/"FUZZYICS"-ontology in Aristotle/Bothius-Coppi/Suppes-Parsons [in "Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy";UCLA/Philosophy/Horn [Linguistics/Yale]-Siegel[Intl.Conf./Square-of-Opposition"(SoO):Beirut(13);Easter-Island(16)-Louvain(22)] (SoO)-ontology in Aristotle-...-Siegel "Hierarchy-of-Thinking"(HoT)-ontology. |
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YP11.00017: A similarity relation and its deviation between two ICRF systems in different tokamaks Jungpyo Lee, Roberto Bilato, Paul T Bonoli, David N Smithe, Erwin Jaeger, Robert W Harvey The similarity relations between any RF systems in tokamaks for the wave propagation and damping in plasmas were found kinetically by solving the coupled equations between Maxwell’s equation and Fokker-Planck equation [1]. By changing plasma density and pressure, machine geometry (major radius), and RF wave frequency and power according to the similarity rule, there exists a set of solutions that show the consistent change in the background magnetic fields, the wave electric and magnetic fields, and the particle distribution function, which is well verified by the coupled codes (e.g. TORIC or AORSA/CQL3D/ECOM). When there exist some deviations of a part of the similarity scaling (practically in many tokamaks), the impact of the deviations on several important physics are analyzed, especially for ICRF waves [2]. Three new scaling parameters can represent the change of the Doppler effect, the plasma beta, and fast ion kinetic effect between JET and ITER ICRF systems. Using the scaling parameters, one can estimate the ITER optimized minority concentration, the electron damping fraction, and the ion effective temperature based on the existing JET results without numerical simulations, which could be useful for a rough design of experiments. |
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