Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2019 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics
Volume 64, Number 12
Monday–Thursday, October 14–17, 2019; Crystal City, Virginia
Session 1WE: Workshop: Nucleons, Nuclei and Neutron Stars in the Era of Gravitational Waves I |
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Chair: Harald W. Griesshammer, GWU Room: Salon 5 |
Monday, October 14, 2019 9:00AM - 9:30AM |
1WE.00001: Learning about Dense Neutron-rich Matter with Gravitational Waves Invited Speaker: Jocelyn Read Astronomical observations of neutron stars inform our understanding of dense matter at the highest densities. In 2017, the first gravitational-wave signal from a neutron-star coalescence was observed by LIGO and Virgo. I will describe how we have used its gravitational-wave data to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in neutron stars, by exploring the effect of tidal interactions on the neutron-star coalescence and then translating tidal information from the signal into other properties of the component stars. A new observing run began in April 2019, and LIGO and Virgo have already sent public alerts for new neutron-star merger candidates. I will discuss prospects for learning about matter with gravitational waves in the current Advanced-detector era and outline how next-generation observatories can map the phase diagram of dense neutron-rich matter. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, October 14, 2019 9:30AM - 10:00AM |
1WE.00002: Probing the Neutron Star Radius with Gravitational Wave Events Invited Speaker: Carolyn Raithel Observations of neutron stars provide one of the best ways of probing the ultra-dense matter equation of state (EOS). While X-ray measurements of the neutron star radius have provided some promising constraints on the EOS, uncertainties remain at high densities. Detections of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger offer an exciting, complementary approach to constraining the EOS. In this talk, I will discuss how we can directly extract stellar radii from gravitational wave events. In particular, I will explore the surprising relationship has been discovered between the binary tidal deformability and the radius. I will compare the radius constraints from GW170817 to existing radii measurements from X-ray observations and discuss the implications for the EOS. Finally, I will discuss how we can also use gravitational wave events to constrain the properties of the nuclear symmetry energy, motivated by the well-established connection between the stellar radius and the slope of the symmetry energy, L. [Preview Abstract] |
Monday, October 14, 2019 10:00AM - 10:30AM |
1WE.00003: Nuclear Equation of State: Combining Neutron-Star Merger and Laboratory Constraints Invited Speaker: Betty Tsang The ground-breaking detection of the binary neutron-star merger event, GW170817 ushers in the era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics. In addition to the tremendous contributions from astronomy where telescopes from four corners of the world provide observation of the kilonova and the emission spectroscopy of the neutron star merger event, knowledge in nuclear physics is one of the keys to unlock many facets of the neutron star. The nuclear Equation of State (EoS) is central to the understanding of the matter found in neutron stars and in explosive stellar environments, including the dynamics in neutron star mergers and core collapse supernovae in which many of the heavy elements are formed. Such environments are often very neutron-rich and their description requires extrapolating the properties of neutron-rich matter from that of symmetric matter containing equal numbers of neutrons and protons, more similar to the nuclei. This extrapolation is governed by the nuclear symmetry energy, which can be defined to be the difference in energy between the EoS of neutron matter and that of symmetric matter. This difference is particularly relevant to the internal structure of neutron stars and their cooling by neutrino emission. In this talk, I will discuss the latest results from experimental probes using heavy ion collisions with different isospin reactions to explore the symmetry energy from sub-normal to supra-normal density and its implication to the tidal deformability obtained in the neutron star merger. [Preview Abstract] |
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