Bulletin of the American Physical Society
2015 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics
Volume 60, Number 13
Wednesday–Saturday, October 28–31, 2015; Santa Fe, New Mexico
Session HB: Invited Session: Neutron-rich Matter, Neutrinos and Nucleosynthesis in Neutron Stars, Supernova and Mergers |
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Chair: Charles Horowitz, Indiana University Room: Sweeney Ballroom A |
Friday, October 30, 2015 8:30AM - 9:06AM |
HB.00001: Hot and Dense Neutron-Rich Matter in Supernovae and Neutron Star Mergers Invited Speaker: Jeremy Holt The equation of state, transport and linear response properties of hot and dense neutron-rich matter created in core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers directly affect the observable electromagnetic, neutrino, and gravitational wave signals as well as the possibility for r-process nucleosynthesis in the ejected matter. In this talk I will describe recent progress in constructing a thermodynamic equation of state of nuclear matter based on the low-energy realization of QCD, chiral effective field theory, which incorporates realistic microphysics such as multi-pion exchange processes and three-body forces. Bulk properties of zero-temperature symmetric nuclear matter around saturation density are shown to be well described without additional fine tuning, as are selected thermodynamic observables. Constraints from microscopic many-body theory on farther-reaching phenomenological mean field models are explored, and first efforts toward the description of consistent neutrino response in neutron-rich matter from chiral effective field theory is presented. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 9:06AM - 9:42AM |
HB.00002: Heating and Cooling in Accreting Neutron Stars Invited Speaker: Andrew Cumming Neutron stars in low mass X-ray binaries accrete enough mass over their lifetimes to replace their entire crust. The accreted matter undergoes a series of nuclear reactions in the crust as it is compressed by continued accretion to higher density. These reactions, which include electron captures, neutron emissions, and pycnonuclear reactions, heat the crust and core of the neutron star. In this talk I will discuss what we can learn from observations of transiently accreting neutron stars in quiescence, when accretion has turned off and we can see emission from the neutron star directly. The quiescent luminosity of these neutron stars constrains the neutrino emissivity in the neutron star core. In systems with long accretion outbursts, observations of thermal relaxation of the crust in quiescence enable, for the first time, constraints on the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the crust. In this way, low mass X-ray binary neutron stars offer a remarkable chance to constrain the properties of dense neutron-rich matter, such as neutron superfluidity and pasta phases in the inner crust of neutron stars. [Preview Abstract] |
Friday, October 30, 2015 9:42AM - 10:18AM |
HB.00003: Optical Transients and Nucleosynthesis from Neutron Star Mergers Invited Speaker: Daniel Kasen The production and ejection of radioactive isotopes during, or immediately following, the merger of two neutron stars (or a neutron star and a black hole) can give rise to optical/infrared emission similar to, but dimmer and briefer than that of an ordinary supernova. These transients are promising electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources, and may be diagnostic of the sites of r-process nucleosynthesis. I will describe the physics of compact object mergers and their aftermath, and present calculations that demonstrate how the nucleosynthetic yields depend on the mechanism of ejection, the degree of neutron-richness and neutrino irradiation, and the survival lifetime of a remnant hyper-massive neutron star or the spin of a remnant black hole. We find that the color and luminosity of the transients depend sensitively on the mass and composition of the outflow, and therefore can provide a direct and informative probe of r-process nucleosynthesis at the production site. [Preview Abstract] |
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