Bulletin of the American Physical Society
74th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics
Volume 66, Number 17
Sunday–Tuesday, November 21–23, 2021; Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Arizona
Session F15: Energy General & Wind Power |
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Chair: Inanc Senocak, University of Pittsburg Room: North 129 A |
Sunday, November 21, 2021 5:25PM - 5:38PM |
F15.00001: Thermal and electrical performance of an evacuated hybrid solar collector Gowtham Mohan, Behnam Roshanzadeh, Peter Vorobieff, Levi Reyes Premer Energy consumption is steadily increasing with the ever-growing population leading to a rise in global warming. Building energy consumption is one of the major sources of global warming, which can be controlled with renewable energy installations. This paper deals with an advanced evacuated hybrid solar photovoltaic-thermal collector (PVT) for simultaneous production of electricity and domestic hot water (DHW) with zero carbon emissions. Most PVT projects focus on increasing electricity production by cooling the PV. However, in this research, increasing thermal efficiency is investigated through vacuum glass tube encapsulation. The required area for conventional unglazed PVT systems varies between 1.6-2 times of solar thermal collector for similar thermal output. In the case of encapsulation, the required area can decrease by minimizing convective losses from the system. In this concept, the electrical productivity was slightly affected due to an increase in the surface temperature of the PV with the vacuum tube. The performance of evacuated PVT is compared to air-filled and unglazed PVT, simulated using ANSYS 18.1 at different mass flow rates and solar irradiance. The simulation results with evacuated tube PVT show thermal productivity of 0.82 kW/m2, which is 41% higher than the conventional unglazed system. Whereas, electrical productivity is comparable with all three systems at 140 -150 W/m2. |
Sunday, November 21, 2021 5:38PM - 5:51PM |
F15.00002: Influence of Flow on Sea-Water Battery Fouling Nina Mohebbi, Nicole W Xu, John O Dabiri Persistent ocean monitoring is often limited by the availability of long-duration power sources. This is especially true when studying the deep ocean, where batteries must be designed to specifically resist the high pressure, which can reach 1,000 times the pressure at the surface. |
Sunday, November 21, 2021 5:51PM - 6:04PM |
F15.00003: Wall-modeled Large Eddy Simulation of wave effects in offshore wind farms Aditya Aiyer, Luc Deike, Michael E Mueller In the context of offshore wind farms, accurate predictions of surface fluxes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer are critical for Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of airflow over waves. The effect of the waves on the airflow is often modeled by prescribing roughness length scales in the framework of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. However, such approaches lack generalizability over different wave conditions due to reliance on model coefficients tuned to specific datasets. Wave phase-resolving simulations on the other hand have higher accuracy but also a higher computational cost. In this work, a sea surface-based hydrodynamic drag model applicable to moving surfaces is developed to model the pressure-based surface drag felt by the wind due to the waves in wall-modeled LES. An offshore wind farm configuration is simulated using a using wall-modeled LES, with the effect of the waves represented using the wave drag model and the wind turbines represented by an actuator disk model. A variety of sea-state conditions are tested taking advantage of the significantly lower computational cost of the wave model. The effect of the waves on the mean velocity profiles and power production in different wind farm configurations are quantified. |
Sunday, November 21, 2021 6:04PM - 6:17PM |
F15.00004: Treatment of lateral boundary conditions in complex terrain wind simulations Ting-Hsuan Ma, Inanc Senocak Reliable predictions of atmospheric boundary layer flows over complex terrain is imperative for a variety of applications such as wind energy, aviation, and wildfire control. The large-eddy simulation (LES) technique with provisions for near-surface parameterization is commonly used in complex terrain wind simulations. The accuracy of the LES technique depends strongly on the turbulent inflow generation method used in the simulations. An arbitrarily complex terrain poses unique challenges to develop a reliable yet computationally inexpensive turbulent inflow generation method. Here, we consider the numerical treatment of the entire lateral boundaries for a complex terrain wind simulation with arbitrary inflow direction. We demonstrate inherent flaws in existing methods and provide improvements to the overall lateral boundary conditions as well as the so-called perturbation box method to generate turbulence in the approaching flow. The Askervein Hill field experiment is used to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed improvements. |
Sunday, November 21, 2021 6:17PM - 6:30PM |
F15.00005: Entrainment and power estimation in large finite-length wind plants Nikolaos Bempedelis, Sylvain Laizet, Georgios Deskos As the calls for increased levels of wind energy production grow, the size of future wind farms is expected to also increase. In large wind plants, unlike isolated turbines or small wind farms, the physical mechanism that is primarily responsible for transporting the energy of the wind to the turbines' location is turbulence. A detailed analysis of the energy extraction mechanisms from large wind farms is of critical significance in order to avoid large power losses and fatigue loads - which are already significant in small and medium size farms - as these grow in size. In the present work, we use the well-established high-order numerical framework WInc3D to perform high-fidelity simulations of the flow in large finite-length wind farms of different sizes and layouts in an attempt to gain insight into entrainment - the transport of fluid across an interface by turbulence - and its relationship with power density. To this end, we look into the relative importance of different mechanisms of energy transport in wind farms according to the position of a turbine within the farm and investigate the way in which different farm designs affect the transfer of energy to the turbines by directly calculating the rates and coefficients of turbulent entrainment. |
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