Bulletin of the American Physical Society
67th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics
Volume 59, Number 20
Sunday–Tuesday, November 23–25, 2014; San Francisco, California
Session E4: Bubbles: Rupture |
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Chair: James Bird, Boston University Room: 3006 |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 4:45PM - 4:58PM |
E4.00001: The living times of bubbles at the interface Benjamin Cameron, Lydia Bourouiba, Nicolas Vandenberghe, Emmanuel Villermaux The lifetime of a water bubble at the surface of a pool prior to its burst remains an open question. It is known that the death of a bubble is initiated by the nucleation of a hole in its shell. However, the mechanisms governing the occurrence of such nucleation sites and prescribing the lifetime of bubbles remain unclear. Combining original visualizations, quantitative measurements of bubbles lifetimes and simple theoretical ideas, we report direct observations of the onset of the bursting process and rationalize the link between the rich interfacial events leading to the hole nucleation on the shell and the resulting robust bubble lifetimes distributions. These play a critical role in shaping the final size distribution of the droplets emitted. We will underline the consequences of the process in the sensible world, like air-sea water vapor exchanges. Bubbles bursting at the surface of water sources also allow for high levels of contamination and long-term exposure to a range of respiratory human pathogens and irritants indoors. Indeed, the droplets created by such bursts can contribute to the transfer of pathogens to the air, followed by their dispersal, thus bridging this subtle problem with unexpected new areas in health. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 4:58PM - 5:11PM |
E4.00002: Jet drops from microbubble rupture Yingxian Yu, Casey Bartlett, James Bird When a bubble bursts at an interface, the surface energy creates an upward jet that can break into smaller droplets. Extensive research has demonstrated that the size of the droplets depends on the size of the initial bubbles. Yet this research has almost entirely been conducted for bubbles that are larger than 100 microns. As the bubbles approach 100 microns, the linear relation seems to deviate, although there have not been systematic experiments in this regime -- mainly because these smaller bubbles and the even smaller droplets that they create have been difficult to visualize in the past. Here we directly measure the jetting phenomena for bubbles that are smaller than 100 micron using a combination of microfluidics and high-speed photography, and we relate our results to theory. Lab Name: Interfacial Fluidic Dynamics Laboratory Faculty Mentor's Name: James C. Bird [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 5:11PM - 5:24PM |
E4.00003: On the Physics of Fizziness: How Bubble Bursting Controls Droplets Ejection Thomas Seon, Elisabeth Ghabache, Arnaud Antkowiak, Christophe Josserand Either in a champagne glass or at the oceanic scales, the tiny bubbles rising at the surface burst in ejecting myriads of droplets. Focusing on the bubble bursting jet, prelude for these aerosols, we propose a simple scaling for the jet velocity, we unravel experimentally the intricate roles of bubble shape, capillary waves and liquid properties, and we demonstrate that droplets ejection can be tuned by changing the liquid properties. In particular, as capillary waves are shown to always evolve into a self-similar collapsing cavity, faster and smaller droplets can be produced by sheltering this collapse from remnant ripples using damping action of viscosity. These results pave the road to the characterization and control of the bursting bubble aerosols. Applications to champagne aroma diffusion will be discussed. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 5:24PM - 5:37PM |
E4.00004: On the Physics of Fizziness: How liquid properties control bursting bubble aerosol production? Elisabeth Ghabache, Arnaud Antkowiak, Christophe Josserand, Thomas Seon Either in a champagne glass or at the oceanic scales, the tiny capillary bubbles rising at the surface burst in ejecting myriads of droplets. Focusing on the ejected droplets produced by a single bubble, we investigate experimentally how liquid properties and bubble size affect their characteristics: number, ejection velocities, sizes and ejection heights. These results allow us to finely tune the bursting bubble aerosol production. In the context of champagne industry, aerosols play a major role by spreading wine aroma above the glass. We demonstrate that this champagne fizz can be enhanced by selecting the wine viscosity and the bubble size, thanks to specially designed glass. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 5:37PM - 5:50PM |
E4.00005: Bursting the Taylor cone bubble Zhao Pan, Tadd Truscott A soap bubble fixed on a surface and placed in an electric field will take on the shape of a cone rather than constant curvature (dome) when the electrical field is not present. The phenomenon was introduced by J. Zeleny (1917) and studied extensively by C.T. Wilson \& G.I. Taylor(1925). We revisit the Taylor cone problem by studying the deformation and bursting of soap bubbles in a point charge electric field. A single bubble takes on the shape of a cone in the electric field and a high-speed camera equipped with a micro-lens is used to observe the unsteady dynamics at the tip. Rupture occurs as a very small piece of the tip is torn away from the bubble toward the point charge. Based on experiments, a theoretical model is developed that predicts when rupture should occur. This study may help in the design of foam-removal techniques in engineering and provide a better understanding of an electrified air-liquid interface. [Preview Abstract] |
Sunday, November 23, 2014 5:50PM - 6:03PM |
E4.00006: Thin cylindrical sheets of air Sigurdur Thoroddsen, Daniel Beilharz, Axel Guyon, Er Qiang Li, Marie-Jean Thoraval Drops impacting at low velocities onto a pool surface can stretch out thin hemispheric sheets of air. These air sheets can remain intact until they reach submicron thicknesses, whereby they rupture to form myriad of microbubbles. By impacting a higher-viscosity drop onto a lower-viscosity pool, we have explored new geometries of such air films. In this way we are able to maintain stable air-layers which can wrap around the entire drop to form anti-bubbles, i.e. spherical air layers bounded by inner and outer liquid masses. Furthermore, for the most viscous drops they enter the pool trailing a viscous thread from the pinch-off from the nozzle. The air sheet can also wrap around these treads and remain stable over extended time to form a cylindrical air sheet. We study the parameter regime where these structures appear and their subsequent breakup. The stability of these air cylinders is inconsistent with inviscid stability theory, suggesting stabilization by lubrication forces within the submicron air layer. [Preview Abstract] |
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