Generation of vector rogue waves in repulsive three-component mixtures*

Peregrine solitons are prominent examples of ephemeral rogue waves[1] appearing in

attractive nonlinear media, such as water waves, nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein

condensates (BECs). Repulsive two-component imbalanced BECs were shown recently to

be ideal platforms for controllably realizing Peregrine solitons[2], avoiding the

complications stemming from the collapse of single component attractive BECs. The

reduction to an effective attractive single component lies at the heart of this realization.

We present a generalized reduction scheme for an arbitrary imbalanced N-component

repulsive setup, and demonstrate experimentally and theoretically the existence of vector

Peregrines in imbalanced three-component settings. Utilizing different ⁸⁷Rb hyperfine

states, it is possible to realize multiple effective two-component BECs, with tunable

effective interactions. The latter give rise to a zoo of Peregrine solitons, even in the

coexistence of a double Peregrine per minority component.

References:

[1] M. Onorato et al, Phys. Rep. 528, 47 (2013).

[2] A. Romero-Ros et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 033402 (2024).